मारवाड़ी बोली

maravadi boli rajasthan ke marava d kshetr mean boli jati hai. mishrit roop se yah poorv mean ajamer, kisanagadh, meva d tak, dakshin mean sirohi, raniva da tak, pashchim mean jaisalamer, shahagadh tak tatha uttar mean bikaner, ganganagar tak tatha jayapur ke uttari bhag mean pilani tak boli jati hai. yah shuddh roop se jodhapur kshetr ki boli hai. ba damer, pali, nagaur aur jalaur ziloan mean is boli ka vyapak prabhav hai. marava di boli ki kee up-boliyaan bhi haian, jinamean thataki, thali, bikaneri, baang di, shekhavati, meva di, khaira di, sirohi, gau davadi, nagauri, dev davati adi pramukh haian. sahityik marava di ko diangal kahate haian. diangal sahityik drishti se sampann boli hai.

d aau. griyarsan ne isake bolane valoan ki sankhya 60 lakh batalayi thi. sanh 1951 ki janaganana riport ke anusar isake bolane valoan ki sankhya 46 lakh (45,14,737) thi. isake poorv mean jayapuri aur ha dauti boliyaan haian. dakshin-poorv mean malavi, dakshin-pashchim mean gujarati bhasha, pashchim mean uttar mean lahanda tatha uttar-poorv mean panjabi bhasha aur hariyanavi boli jati hai. simavarti kshetroan mean yah sambaddh bhasha evan boliyoan mean itani adhik prabhavit hai ki isaki anek upaboliyaan vikasit ho gayi haian. jaise poorvi kshetr mean dhooandha di, godavati, meva di, dakshin kshetr mean sirohi, dev davati, pashchimi kshetr mean thali aur tataki tatha uttari kshetr mean bikaneri, shekhavati aur baang di haian. sahity ki drishti se marava di sampann hai. isake sahityik roop diangal ka prayog kavita mean hota raha hai. apane ashrayadataoan ki prashansa ke nimitt charan, bhatoan ne diangal mean hazaroan granthoan ki rachana ki hai. bhasha adhyayan ki drishti se bhi diangal mahattvapoorn hai, kyoanki shauraseni, prakrit aur adhunik hindi ke vikas ko spasht karane mean yah mahattvapoorn k di ka kam karati hai.

visheshataean

dhvani vishishtataean

• ai aur-au ka uchcharan tatsam shabdoan mean - ai aur - au jaisa hota hai.
• anek sthanoan chh aur chhh pray: sh uchcharit milata hai; jaise

chakki sakki
chhachh sas

• lh anek sthanoan par ळ uchcharit milate haian; jaise-

bal baळ
jal jळ

• hh ke lop ki pravritti samany hai; jaise

kahyo kayo
rahano raino

• do vishisht dhvaniyaan isamean milati haian- dhh aur sh pratham uchcharan ki drishti se dh-vh ke madhy uchcharit dhvani hai doosari sh-hh ke madhy uchcharit hoti hai. donoan mean shvaans bhitar ki aur khianchana p data hai.

udaharan-dhavo jasyoan

• parasarg- nimnalikhit parasargoan ka prayog hota hai-
  • karm - sampradan - nai, ne, kane, rai
  • karan - sampradan - sooan, ooan
  • sambandh - rau, no, ko,
  • adhikaran - mean, maian, mahai, maee

• do ya adhik vastuoan mean tulana-nirdeshak ke lie atirikt karataan ka prayog bhi kiya jata hai; jaise-

moan karataan soan bhalo ro hai.

(mohan ki apeksha sohan bhala hai)

• sarvanamoan mean atyadhik viviandhata hai.

'kaun' ke lie kun, kan ka prayog kiya jata hai.

kriya pad

• marava di mean bhavishy kal ki kriya mean dhatu ke sath - hooan, haan, ho, hi pratyaksh jo date haian.

u.purush	dekh + hooan = dekhahooan	dekh + haan = dekhahaan
m. purush	dekh + hi = dekh di	dekh + ho = dekhaho
a.purush	dekh + hi = dekhahi	dekh + hi = dekhahi

• vartaman dant ke sath rahano ke yog se nakaratmak kriya ka bodh hota hai.

gato rahano (n gana)

• sanyukt kriya ka nirman karate samay atirikt kriya ke poorv-ro (ri) athava paro jo d dete haian;

jaise - ri divi (de di)

chhav (chh:)	maur (pith)
jodayan (patni)	machi (khat)
dikaro (putr)	karaso (kisan)
jimanoan (khan)	alago (door)
kacho (kachcha)	kado (kich d)
bhemata (vidhata)	lan (bechari)
roopo (chaandi)	tat (bakari)
gi dak (kutta)	chyaroo (charo)
vepari (vyapari)	gidanva (takiya)
sube (subah)	jabat (jabt)
paro makho (mar dalana)	het (seth)

shirshak	sarvanam	ekavachan	bahuvachan
uttam purush	avikari karm sampradan tiryakh	hooan, mhai, maian, mhaian manai, mhanai m, mhai	mhaian maannai, mhane maan, mhaan
madhyam purush	avikari karm sampradan tiryakh sambandh	tooan, thooan tanai, thanai taian, thaian tharoan	the, tamean thaanne, tamane thaan, tamaan thaanrra
any purush	vah adhikari tiryakh ek adhikari tiryak	vo, oo (stri.va/uva) ooan, un o, yo (stri.a/ya) ee, in	ve/vai, uvai vaian, vaan unaan, vanaan e, ai aian, aau
sambandhavachi		jiko (stri. ji.jika)	jika
jo	tiryak	jian. jiv, jikan, tiko (stri. tika)	jai, jo, jin jiko

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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