मार्कण्डेय पुराण

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[[chitr:Cover-Markendeya-Purana.jpg|thumb|markandey puran, gitapres gorakhapur ka avaran prishth]]

'markandey puran' akar mean chhota hai. isake ek sau saiantis adhyayoan mean lagabhag nau hazar shlok haian. markandey rrishi dvara isake kathan se isaka nam 'markandey puran' p da. yah puran vastut: durga charitr evan durga saptashati ke varnan ke lie prasiddh hai. isilie ise shakt sampraday ka puran kaha jata hai. puran ke sabhi lakshanoan ko yah apane bhitar samete hue hai. isamean rrishi ne manav kalyan hetu sabhi tarah ke naitik, samajik adhyatmik aur bhautik vishayoan ka pratipadan kiya hai. is puran mean bharatavarsh ka vistrit svaroop usake prakritik vaibhav aur saundary ke sath prakat kiya gaya hai. [[chitr:Durga-Devi.jpg|thumb|200px|durga devi
Durga Devi]]

grihasth-dharm ki upayogita

is puran mean dhanoparjan ke upayoan ka varnan 'padmini vidya' dvara prastut hai. sath hi rashtrahit mean dhan-tyag ki prerana bhi di gee hai. ayurved ke siddhantoan ke anusar sharir-vijnan ka sundar vivechan bhi isamean hai. 'mantr vidya' ke prasang mean patni ko vash mean karane ke upay bhi batae ge haian. 'grihasth-dharm' ki upayogita, pitaroan aur atithiyoan ke prati karttavyoan ka nirvah, vivah ke niyamoan ka vivechan, svasth evan sabhy nagarik banane ke upay, sadachar ka mahattv, satsang ki mahima, karttavy parayanata, tyag tatha purusharth par vishesh mahattv is puran mean diya gaya hai.

nishkam karm

'markandey puran' mean sannyas ke bajay grihasth jivan mean nishkam karm par vishesh bal diya gaya hai. manushyoan ko sanmarg par chalane ke lie narak ka bhay aur punarjanm ke siddhantoan ka sahara liya gaya hai. karuna se prerit karm ko pooja-path aur jap-tap se shreshth bataya gaya hai. eeshvar prapti ke lie apane bhitar oankar (Om) ki sadhana par zor diya gaya hai. yadyapi is puran mean 'yog sadhana' aur usase prapt hone vali asht siddhiyoan ka bhi varnan kiya gaya hai, kintu 'moksh' ke lie atmatyag aur atmadarshan ko avashyak mana gaya hai. sanyam dvara indriyoan ko vash mean karane ki anivaryata bataee gee hai. vividh kathaoan aur upakhyanoan dvara tap ka mahattv bhi pratipadit kiya gaya hai.

saman roop se adar

[[chitr:God-Brahma.jpg|brahma
Brahma|thumb]] is puran mean kisi devi-devata ko alag se vishesh mahattv nahian diya gaya hai. brahma, vishnu, mahesh, soory, agni, durga, sarasvati adi sabhi ka saman roop se adar kiya gaya hai. soory ki stuti karate hue vaidikoan ki paravidya, brahmavadiyoan ki shashvat jyoti, jainiyoan ka kaivaly, bauddhoan ki bodhavagati, saankhyoan ka darshan jnan, yogiyoan ka prakamy, dharmashastriyoan ki smriti aur yogachar ka vijnan adi sabhi ko soory bhagavan ke vibhinn roopoan mean svikar kiya gaya hai. [[chitr:Head-of-Jina-Jain-Museum-Mathura-17.jpg|jain mastak
Head of a Jina|thumb|left]] 'markandey puran' mean madalasa ke kathanak dvara jahaan brahman dharm ka ullekh kiya gaya hai, vahian anek rajaoan ke akhyanoan dvara kshatriy rajaoan ke sahas, karttavy parayanata tatha rajadharm ka sundar vivechan bhi diya gaya hai. puranakar kahata hai ki jo raja praja ki raksha nahian kar sakata, vah narakagami hota hai. madyapan ke doshoan ko balaram ke prasang dvara aur krodh tatha ahankar ke dushparinamoan par vasishth evan vishvamitr ke kathanakoan dvara prakash dala gaya hai. [[chitr:Buddha Mathura Museum-103.jpg|thumb|buddh
Buddha]] vistrit vyakhya ki drishti se is puran ke paanch bhag kie ja sakate haian-

pahala bhag- pahale bhag mean jaimini rrishi ko mahabharat ke sambandh mean char shankaean haian, jinaka samadhan vindhyachal parvat par rahane vale dharm pakshi karate haian.

doosara bhag- doosare bhag mean j d sumati ke madhyam se dharm pakshi sarg pratisarg arthath srishti ki utpatti, praniyoan ke janm aur unake vikas ka varnan hai.

tisara bhag- tisare bhag mean rrishi markandey apane shishy kroshtuki ko puran ke mool pratipady vishay- sooryopasana aur soory dvara samast srishti ke janm ki katha batate haian.

chautha bhag- chauthe bhag mean 'devi bhagavat puran' mh varnit 'durga charitr' aur 'durga saptashati' ki katha ka vistar se varnan hai.

paanchavaan bhag- paanchavean bhag mean vanshanucharit ke adhar par kuchh vishesh rajavanshoan ka ullekh hai.

mahabharat

'mahabharat' ke sambandh mean poochhe ge char prashnoan ke uttar mean dharm pakshi batate haian ki shrikrishna ke nirgun aur sagun roop mean rag-dvesh se rahit vasudev ka pratiroop, tamogun se yukt shesh ka aansh, satogun se yukt pradyumn ki chhaya, rajogun se yukt aniruddh ki pragati vidyaman hai. ve samast charachar jagath ke svami haian aur adharm tatha anyay ka vinash karane ke lie sagun roop mean avatar lete haian. [[chitr:krishna-arjun1.jpg|thumb|200px|krishna aur arjun
Krishna And Arjuna|left]] draupadi ke paanch patiyoan se sambandhit doosare prashn ke uttar mean ve batate haian ki paanchoan pandav devaraj indr ke hi aanshavatar the aur draupadi indr ki patni shachi ki aanshavatar thi. at: usaka paanch patiyoan ko svikar karana poorvajanm ki katha se ju da prasang hai. is prakar bahupatitv ke roop ko dosh rahit batane ka vishesh prayas kiya gaya hai.

tisara prashn mahabali balaram dvara tirthayatra mean brahyahatya ke shap ke sanbandh mean tha usake vishay mean dharm pakshi batate haian ki madyapan karane vala vyakti apana vivek kho baithata hai. balaram bhi madyapan ke nashe mean brahmahatya kar baithe the. madyapan ka dosh sachche pashchatap se door kiya ja sakata hai aur brahmahatya ke shap se mukti mil sakati hai.

chautha prashn, dropadi ke avivahit putroan ki hatya ki shanka ke uttar mean dharm pakshi satyavadi raja harishchandr ki sampoorn katha ka varnan karate haian. rajatyag karake jate raja harishchandr aur unaki patni shaivya par vishvamitr ka atyachar dekhakar paanchoan vishvadev vishvamitr ko papi kahate haian. is par vishvamitr unako shap de dalate haian. us shap ke vashibhoot ve paanchoan vishvadev kuchh kal ke lie dropadi ke garbh se janm lete haian. ve shap ki avadhi poorn hote hi ashvatthama dvara mare jate haian aur pun: devatv prapt kar lete haian.

madalasa

is prasang ke dvara aur bhargav putr sumati ke prasang ke madhyam se punarjanm ke siddhant ka b da sundar chitran 'markandey puran' mean kiya gaya hai. sath hi is puran mean nariyoan ke pativrat dharm ko bahut mahattv diya gaya hai. madalasa ka akhyan nari ke udatt charitr ko ujagar karata hai. madalasa apane tin putroan ko uchch koti ki adhyatmik shiksha deti hai. ve vairagi ho jate haian. tab shavy ke lie chintit pati ke kahane par vah apane chauthe putr ko dharmacharan, satsangati, rajadharm, karttavy parayan aur ek adarsh raja ke roop mean dhalati hai. is prakar usake kathanak se mata ki mahatta, adhyatm, vairagy, grihasth dharm, rajadharm, rajadharm, karttavy palan adi ki achchhi shiksha prapt hoti hai.

srishti ka vikas kram

srishti ke vikas kram mean puranakar brahma dvara purush ka srijan aur usake adhe bhag se stri ka nirman tatha phir maithuni srishti se pati-patni dvara srishti ka vikas kiya jana batate haian. is puran mean jamboo, plaksh, shalmali, kush, kraanch, shak aur pushkar adi sapt dvipoan ka sundar varnan kiya gaya hai. sari srishti ko soory se hi utpann mana gaya hai. soory putr vaivasvat manu se hi srishti ka prarambh kaha gaya hai. is puran mean soory se sambandhit anek kathaean bhi haian.

durga charitr aur durga saptashati ki katha mean madhu-kaitabh, mahishasur vadh, shuanbh-nishuanbh aur raktabij adi asuroan ke vadh ke lie devi avataroan ki kathaean bhi is puran mean prapt hoti haian. jab-jab asuri pravrittiyaan sir uthati haian, tab-tab unaka sanhar karane ke lie devi-shakti ka janm hota hai. puranoan ki kal ganana mean manvantar ko ek ikaee mana gaya hai. brahma ka ek din chaudah manvantaroan ka hota hai. is ganana ke anusar brahma ka ek din aj ki ganana ke hisab se ek karo d unnis lakh atthaees hazar divy varshoan ka hota hai. ek chaturyug mean barah hazar divy varsh hote haian. brahma ke ek din mean chaudah manu hote haian. puranoan ki yah kal ganana atyant adbhut hai.

is puran mean prithvi ka bhaugolik varnan nau khandoan mean hai. rrishiyoan dvara yah kal ganana, prithvi ka bhaugolik varnan tatha brahmand ki asimata goodh roop mean yog sadhana ki aang haian. brahmand rachana sharir mean sthit is brahmand ke laghu roop se sambandhit hi dikhaee p dati hai, jo atyant gopaniy hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

shrutiyaan

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah