मुंडा भाषाएँ

muanda bhashaean aaustro-eshiyaee parivar se sanbaddh bhashaoan ka samooh, jise madhy aur poorvi bharat mean lagabhag 90 lakh log bolate haian. kuchh vidvanh in bhashaoan ko do upaparivaroan mean vibhakt karate hai.

• uttari muanda bhasha bangal, u disa aur jharakhand ke chhota nagapur ke pathar mean boli jati hai, jisamean kurkoo, santhali, muandari, bhoomij aur ho bhashaean shamil haian.
• dakshin muanda bhashaean madhy u disa evan aandhr pradesh aur u disa ke simavarti kshetr mean boli jati hai.
• dakshin muanda ko madhy muanda, kh diya v juaang jaisi bhashaoan aur koraput muanda ko gutob, gutob, remo, sora (savar), jure aur gorooang mean vibhakt kiya gaya hai.
• in donoan samoohoan mean uttari muanda zyada mahattvapoorn haian aur is samooh ki bhashaean sanpoorn muandabhashi logoan ke 90 pratishat bhag dvara boli jati haian.
• santhali ke bad 'muandari' aur 'ho' bolane valoan ki sankhya sabase adhik hai. isake bad kurkoo v sora ka sthan hai.
• any muanda bhashaean chhote, alag-thalag samoohoan dvara boli jati haian aur inake bare mean bahut kam janakari hai.
• muanda bhashaoan ki visheshata tin vachan (ekavachan, dvivachan aur bahuvachan) aur sanjnaoan ke lie do liang varg (sajiv aur nirjiv) haian. kriya roopoan ke kal ko pradarshit karane ke lie pratyayoan ka upayog hota hai.
• muanda dhvani pranali mean vyanjan kram viral haian, halaanki kuchh bhashaoan mean akshar uchch aur nimn dhvaniyoan ko pradarshit karate haian, par inamean se adhikaansh bhashaoan ka ek nishchit balaghat hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

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