मूँगफली

thumb|250px|mooangaphali
Peanut mooangaphali ek pramukh tilahan fasal hai. mooangaphali vanaspatik protin ka ek sasta srot hai. mooangaphali mean sabhi paushtik tatv pae jate haian. prakriti ne bharapoor matra mean mooangaphali ko vibhinn poshak tatvoan se sajaya-sanvara hai. mooangaphali mean protin, chikanaee aur sharkara paee jati hai. ek aande ke mooly ke barabar mooangaphaliyoan mean jitana protin v ooshma hoti hai, utani doodh v aande se sanyukt roop mean bhi prapt nahian hoti. mooangaphali vanaspatik protin ka ek sasta srot hai. mooangaphali pachan shakti badhane mean bhi uchit hai.

bhaugolik dashaean

yah halki mitti mean, jisamean khad di gayi ho, paryapt matra mean jivaansh mile hoan, achchhi paida hoti hai. yadyapi mooangaphali ushn-katibandhiy paudha hai, kintu yadi garmiyaan achchhi rahean to isaki kheti arddh-ushn-katibandhiy bhagoan mean bhi ki ja sakati hai. sadharanatah isake lie 75 se 150 semi. tak varsha paryapt hoti hai. isase kam varsha hone par sianchaee ka sahara liya jata hai. yah adhik varsha vale bhagoan mean bhi paida ki ja sakati hai.

tapaman

mooangaphali ka paudha itana mulayam hota hai ki shital pradeshoan mean ise ugana asambhav hai. sadharanataya ise 15° seantigret se 25° seantigret tak tapaman ki avashyakata hoti hai. pala fasal ke lie hanikarak hota hai. pakate samay shushk mausam ka hona avashyak hai.

bone ka samay

mooangaphali prayah khariph ki fasal haian, jo mee se lekar agast tak boyi tatha navambar se janavari tak khodi jati hai. kul utpadan ki 80 pratishat mooangaphali khariph ki fasal mean hi utpadit hoti hai. dakshin bharat mean yah rabi ki fasal kal mean paida ki jati hai. yah sadharanatah shushk bhoomi ki fasal hai. isake pakane mean 6 mahine tak lagate haian. yadyapi ab aisi kism hi paida ki jane lagi hai, jo 90 se 100 dinoan mean hi pak jati hai. ise jvar, bajara, reandi, arahar athava kapas ke sath milakar bhi boya jata hai.

bharat ka sthan

[[chitr:Colourful-Peanut-Gujarat.jpg|thumb|250px|rang birangi mooangaphali, gujarat]] bharat mean mooangaphali ko gariboan ka kajoo ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. bharat mean siki huee mooangaphali khana kafi prachalit hai. ise ham amataur par 'taim pas' ke nam se bhi janate haian. mooangaphali ke utpadan mean bharat ka sthan vishv mean sarvapratham haian. vishv ke utpadan ka lagabhag 29 pratishat bharat se hi prapt hota hai. yah bharat ka sabase mahattvapoorn tilahan hai. akele isase desh ka lagabhag 50 pratishat khady tel prapt kiya jata hai. bharat mean isaka utpadan maharashtr, karnatak, gujarat, madhy pradesh, rajasthan aur tamilanadu rajyoan mean kali mitti aur dakshin ke pathar ki lal mitti vale kshetroan mean hoti hai. ganga ki kachhari baloo mitti mean bhi yah boyi jati hai. baluee mitti mean kathor chikani mitti ki apeksha adhik phaliyaan lagati haian.

utpadak kshetr

mooangaphali ke kul utpadan kshetr ka lagabhag 90 pratishat kshetr gujarat, andhr pradesh, karnatak, tamilanadu aur maharashtr rajyoan mean haian. shesh 10 pratishat utpadan kshetr rajasthan, madhy pradesh, uttar pradesh aur u disa rajyoan mean haian. desh mean mooangaphali ka 17 se 20 pratishat kshetr sianchit hai.

1. maharashtr - mooangaphali ka maharashtr mean utpadan barasi, sholapur, jalagaanv, satara, dhooliya, kolhapur aur khanadesh ziloan mean kiya jata hai. yahaan 'bambee gold kism' ki mooangaphali hoti hai.
2. karnatak - karnatak mean mooangaphali ke pramukh utpadak zile dharava d, gulabargi, bellari, belagavi, kolar, tumakur, rayachoor aur maisoor haian.
3. gujarat - gujarat mean 'karadh' aur saurashtr mean 'lal naital' aur 'bambee bold mooangaphali' paida ki jati hai. mukhy utpadak zile joonagadh, rajakot, jamanagar, amareli, sabarakota, banasakota, panchamahal aur soorat haian.

• andhr pradesh aur tamilanadu mean 'koromandal' tatha uttari sarakar tat par 'koromandal' ya 'marishas' kism boyi jati hai. mukhy utpadak andhr pradesh mean chittoor, anantapur aur kurnool zile tatha tamilanadu mean salem, tiruchirapalli, uttari aur dakshini arkat aur koyambatoor zile haian.

thumb|250px|left|mooangaphali ka paudha

any pradesh

1. madhy pradesh mean mandasaur, pashchimi nima d aur dhar zile.
2. panjab mean ludhiyana, patiyala, sangaroor tatha jalandhar zile.
3. rajasthan mean chittau dagadh, savaee madhopur, bhilava da, jayapur, bikaner tatha bharatapur zile.
4. uttar pradesh mean haradoee, sitapur, eta, mainapuri, badayooan aur muradabad zile haian.

rajyoan ki paidavar

mooangaphali ke utpadan ki drishti se desh mean gujarat ka pratham sthan hai, jahaan kul utpadan ki 35.95 pratishat mooangaphali paida hoti hai. isake bad andhr pradesh (28.32 pratishat) ka doosara sthan aur tamilanadu (11.84 pratishat) ka tisara sthan hai. shesh utpadak rajyoan mean andhr pradesh, karnatak, rajasthan, uttar pradesh, madhy pradesh, panjab tatha hariyana haian. pahale mooangaphali evan usake tel ka niryat, visheshatah pashchimi yoorop ko kiya jata tha, kintu ab desh mean hi khady-teloan ke abhav hone se inaka niryat nahian kiya jata hai. mooangaphali ki kheti ka niryat avashy kiya jata hai. kul utpadan ka 10 pratishat bhoonakar khane mean, 80 pratishat tel banan mean tatha shesh 10 pratishat any karyoan evan bij mean upayog hota hai.

mooangaphali ke gun

mooangaphali sharir mean garmi paida karati hai, isalie sardi ke mausam mean zyada labhadayak hai. yah khaansi mean upayogi hai v mede aur pheph de ko bal deti hai. ise bhojan ke sath bharat ki shak-sabzi, khir, khich di adi mean dalakar nity khana chahie. mooangaphali mean tel ka aansh hone se yah vayu ki bimariyoan ko bhi nasht karati hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

vithika

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  mooangaphali ka paudha

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  mooangaphali (paudhe ki j d)

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  mooangaphali ke phool