रबीन्द्रनाथ ठाकुर
rabindranath thakur
rabindranath thakur ka janm 7 mee 1861 kalakatta (vartaman kolakata) mean deveandranath taigor aur sharada devi ke putr ke roop mean hua tha.
rachanaean
rabindranath thakur ek baangla kavi, kahanikar, gitakar, natakakar, nibandhakar aur chitrakar the. jinhean 1913 mean sahity ke lie nobel puraskar pradan kiya gaya. taigor ne baangla sahity mean ne gady aur chhand tatha lokabhasha ke upayog ki shurooat ki aur is prakar shastriy sanskrit par adharit paranparik praroopoan se use mukti dilaee. bharatiy sanskriti ke sarvashreshth roop se pashchimi deshoan ka parichay aur pashchimi deshoan ki sanskriti se bharat ka parichay karane mean unaki b di bhoomika rahi tatha, amataur par unhean adhunik bharat ka asadharan srijanashil kalakar mana jata hai. dharm sudharak debeandranath taigor ke putr rabiandranath ne bahut kam ayu mean kavy lekhan praranbh kar diya tha. 1870 ke dashak ke uttararddh mean vah ianglaiand mean adhyayan adhoora chho dakar bharat vapas laut ae. bharat mean rabiandranath taigor ne 1880 ke dashak mean kavitaoan ki anek pustakean prakashit ki tatha manasi (1890) ki rachana ki. yah sangrah unaki pratibha ki paripakvata ka parichayak hai. isamean unaki kuchh sarvashreshth kavitaean shamil haian, jinamean se kee baangla bhasha mean aparichit nee pady shailiyoan mean haian. sath hi isamean samasamayik bangaliyoan par kuchh samajik aur rajanaitik vyangy bhi haian.
sarvashreshth kahaniyaan
siyaladah aur shajadapur sthit apani khanadani jayadad ke prabandhan ke lie 1891 mean taigor ne 10 varsh tak poorvi bangal (vartaman baangla desh) mean rahe, vahaan vah aksar padma nadi (ganga nadi) par ek haus bot mean graminoan ke nikat sanpark mean rahate the aur un graminoan ki nirdhanata v pichh depan ke prati taigor ki sanvedana unaki bad ki rachanaoan ka mool svar bani. unaki sarvashreshth kahaniyaan, jinamean 'din-hinoan' ka jivan aur unake chhote-mote dukh' varnit haian, 1890 ke bad ki haian aur unaki marmikata mean halka sa vidanbana ka put hai. jo taigor ki niji visheshata hai tatha jise nideshak satyajit ray apani bad ki philmoan mean kushalatapoorvak pak d pae haian.
sangit
rashtragan ke rachayita taigor ko bangal ke gramyaanchal se prem tha aur inamean bhi padma nadi unhean sabase adhik priy thi. jisaki chhavi unaki kavitaoan mean bar-bar ubharati hai. un varshoan mean unake kee kavita sangrah aur natak ae, jinamean sonar tari (1894; sunahari nav) tatha chitraangada (1892) ullekhaniy hai. vastav mean taigor ki kavitaoan ka anuvad lagabhag asanbhav hai aur baangla samaj ke sabhi vargoan mean aj tak janapriy unake 2,000 se adhik gitoan, jo 'rabiandr sangit' ke nam se jane jate haian, par bhi yah lagoo hota hai.
sthapana
1901 mean taigor ne pashchim bangal ke gramin kshetr mean sthit shaantiniketan mean ek prayogik vidyalay ki sthapana ki. jahaan unhoanne bharat aur pashchimi paranparaoan ke sarvashreshth ko milane ka prayas kiya. vah vidyalay mean hi sthayi roop se rahane lage aur 1921 mean yah vishv bharati vishvavidyalay ban gaya. 1902 tatha 1907 ke bich unaki patni tatha do bachchoan ki mrityu se upaja gahara dukh unaki bad ki kavitaoan mean parilakshit hota hai, jo pashchimi jagat mean gitajanli, sang apharigs (1912) ke roop mean pahuancha.
samman
taigor ke gitaanjali (1910) samet baangla kavy sangrahalayoan se li gee kavitaoan ke aangreji gadyanuvad ki is pustak ki dablyoo.bi.yits aur aandre jid ne prashansa ki aur isake lie taigor ko 1913 mean nobel puraskar pradan kiya gaya. 1915 mean taigor ko nait ki upadhi di gee. lekin 1919 mean amritasar narasanhar ke virodh mean unhoanne ise lauta diya.
videshi yatra
1912 mean taigor ne lanbi avadhiyaan bharat se bahar bitaee, vah yoorop, amarika aur poorvi eshiya ke deshoan mean vyakhyan dete v kavy path karate rahe aur bharat ki svatantrata ke mukhar pravakta ban ge. halaanki taigor ke upanyas unaki kavitaoan aur kahaniyoan jaise asadharan nahian haian, lekin vah bhi ullekhaniy hai. inamean sabase jyada lokapriy hai gora (1990) aur ghare-baire (1916; ghar aur bahar), 1920 ke dashak ke uttararddh mean taigor ne chitrakari shuroo ki aur kuchh ऎse chitr banae, jinhoanne unhean samakalin agrani bharatiy kalakaroan mean sthapit kar diya.
mrityu
rabindranath thakur ki mrityu 7 agast 1941 ko kalakatta mean hua tha.