रिपोर्ताज
riportaj fraansisi bhasha ka shabd hai aur aangrezi shabd 'riport' se isaka gahara sambandh hai. riport kisi ghatana ke yathatathy sadhy varnan ko kahate haian. riport samanyat: samachar patr ke lie likhi jati hai aur usamean sahityikata nahian hoti. riport ke kalatmak aur sahityik roop ko hi 'riportaj' kahate haian. vastugat tathy ko rekhachitr ki shaili mean prabhavotpadak dhang se aankit karane mean hi riportaj ki saphalata hai.
arth evan uddeshy
jivan ki soochanaoan ki kalatmak abhivyakti ke lie riportaj ka janm hua. riportaj patrakarita ke kshetr ki vidha hai. is shabd ka udbhav fraansisi bhasha se mana jata hai. is vidha ko gady vidhaoan mean sabase naya kah sakate haian. dvitiy vishvayuddh ke samay yoorop ke rachanakaroan ne yuddh ke morche se sahityik riport taiyar ki. in riportoan ko hi bad mean riportaj kaha gaya. vastutah yatharth ghatanaoan ko sanvedanashil sahityik shaili mean prastut kar dene ko hi riportaj kaha jata hai.[1]
ghatana pradhan
aankhoan-dekhi aur kanoan-suni ghatanaoan par riportaj likha ja sakata hai, kalpana ke adhar par nahian. lekin tathyoan ke varnan matr se riportaj nahian bana karata, riport bhale hi ban sake. ghatana-pradhan hone ke sath hi riportaj ko kathatattv se bhi yukt hona chahie. riportaj lekhak ko patrakar tatha kalakar ki dohari zimmedari nibhani p dati hai. sath hi usake lie avashyak hota hai ki vah janasadharan ke jivan ki sachchi aur sahi janakari rakhe aur utsavoan, meloan, badhoan, akaloan, yuddhoan aur mahamariyoan jaise sukh-du:kh ke kshanoan mean janata ko nikat se dekhe. tabhi vah akhabari riportar aur sahityik rachanakar ki haisiyat se jan-jivan ka prabhavotpadak byora likh sakega.
aranbhik yug
hindi kh di boli gady ke aranbh ke sath hi anek nee vidhaoan ka chalan hua. in vidhaoan mean kuchh to sayas thian aur kuchh ke gun anayas hi kuchh gadyakaroan ke lekhan mean a ge the. vastavik roop mean to riportaj ka janm hindi mean bahut bad mean hua, lekin bharateanduyugin sahity mean isaki kuchh visheshataoan ko dekha ja sakata hai. udaharanasvaroop, bharateandu ne svayan janavari, 1877 ki ‘harishchandr chandrika’ mean dilli darabar ka varnan kiya hai, jisamean riportaj ki jhalak dekhi ja sakati hai. riportaj lekhan ka pratham sayas prayas shivadan sianh chauhan dvara likhit ‘lakshmipura’ ko mana ja sakata hai. yah san 1938 mean ‘roopabh’ patrika mean prakashit hua tha. isake kuchh samay bad hi ‘hans’ patrika mean unaka doosara riportaj ‘maut ke khilaph zindagi ki l daee’ shirshak se prakashit hua. hindi sahity mean yah pragatishil sahity ke aranbh ka kal bhi tha. kee pragatishil lekhakoan ne is vidha ko samriddh kiya. shivadan sianh chauhan ke atirikt amritaray aur prakashachand gupt ne b de jivant riportajoan ki rachana ki.
raangey raghav ka yogadan
raangey raghav riportaj ki drishti se sarvashreshth lekhak kahe ja sakate haian. san 1946 mean prakashit ‘toophanoan ke bich mean’ namak riportaj mean inhoanne bangal ke akal ka b da marmik chitran kiya hai. raangey raghav apane riportajoan mean vastavik ghatanaoan ke bich mean se sajiv patroan ki srishti karate haian. ve gariboan aur shoshitoan ke lie pratibaddh lekhak the. is pustak ke nirdhan aur akal pi dit nirih patroan mean unaki lekhakiy pratibaddhata ko dekha ja sakata hai. lekhak vipadagrast manaviyata ke bich sanbal ki tarah kh da dikhaee deta hai.
riportaj ki hindi shaili
dvitiy mahayuddh mean riportaj sahityik gady roop pashchaty sahity aur visheshat: roosi sahity mean bahut lokapriy aur vikasit hua. eliya eranabarg ko riportaj lekhak ke roop mean b di khyati mili. hindi mean riportaj sahity moolat: videshi sahity ke prabhav se aya, par hindi mean riportaj ki shaili manj nahian saki hai. bangal ke akal aur jan-andolan adi vishayoan ko lekar kuchh riportaj likhe avashy gaye, par hindi mean riportaj ko ek sunishchit sahity roop ki pratishtha abhi nahian mil saki hai. sarvashri prakashachandr gupt, raangey raghav, prabhakar machave, amritaray, renu adi ne hindi mean riportaj likhe haian.[1]
svatantrayottar yug
svatantrata prapti ke bad ke riportaj lekhan ka hindi mean chalan badha. is samay ke lekhakoan ne abhivyakti ki vividh shailiyoan ko adhar banakar ne prayog karane aranbh kar die the. ramanarayan upadhyay krit ‘amir aur garib’ riportaj sangrah mean vyangyatmak shaili ko adhar banakar samaj ke shashvat vibhajan ko chitrit kiya gaya hai. phanishvaranath renu ke riportajoan ne is vidha ko nee tajagi di. 'rrin jal dhan jal’ riportaj sangrah mean bihar ke akal ko abhivyakti mili hai aur ‘nepali kraantikatha’ mean nepal ke lokataantrik aandolan ko kathy banaya gaya hai.
any mahatvapoorn riportajoan mean bhandat anand kausalyayan krit ‘desh ki mitti bulati hai’, dharmavir bharati krit ‘yuddhayatra’ aur shamasher bahadur sianh krit ‘plat ka morcha’ ka nam liya ja sakata hai. sankshep mean yah kaha ja sakata hai ki apane samay ki samasyaoan se joojhati janata ko hamare lekhakoan ne apane riportajoan mean hamare samane prastut kiya hai, lekin hindi riportaj ke bare mean yah bhi sach hai ki is vidha ko vah ooanchaee nahian mil saki, jo ki ise milani chahie thi.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
- REDIRECT saancha:sahityik shabdavali