वचन (हिन्दी)

vikari shabdoan ke jis roop se sankhya ka bodh hota hai, use vachan kahate haian. vaise to shabdoan ka sanjna bhed vividh prakar ka hota hai, parantu vyakaran mean usake ek aur anek bhed prachalit haian. isi adhar par hindi mean vachan ke do bhed hote haian

• ekavachan aur
• bahuvachan.

ekavachan

vikari shabdoan ke jis roop se ek ka bodh hota hai, use ekavachan kahate haian. jaise, l daka, gho da, ghar, parvat, nadi, maian, vah, yah adi.

bahuvachan

vikari shabdoan ke jis roop se anek ka bodh hota hai, use bahuvachan kahate haian. jaise, l dake, gho de, gharoan, parvatoan, nadiyoan, ham, ve, ye adi.

kuchh sanjnapad hindi mean ekavachan aur bahuvachan donoan mean saman roop se prayukt hote haian. unake vachan ka bodh vaky ke ashay se hota hai. jaise, am, ghar, pe d, sipahi, adami, dam adi.

udaharan

ekavachan	bahuvachan
am bahut mitha hai. sipahi ja raha hai.	am bahut mithe haian. sipahi ja rahe haian.
mera ghar sundar hai. adami so raha hai.	hamare ghar sundar haian. adami so rahe haian.
jamun ka pe d hara hai. maianne dam de diya hai.	jamun ke pe d hare haian. hamane dam de diye haian.

bahut se poojy evan uchch padadhikariyoan ko adar dene ke lie ekavachan ka sanjnapad bhi bahuvachan mean prayukt hota hai. udaharan-

• gaandhiji rashtrapita kahalate haian.
• shri krishna yadav vansh ke the.
• pitaji kal a rahe haian.
• kal rashtrapati bhashan deange.

ekavachan se bahuvachan banane ke niyam

• akarant pulliang shabdoan ke bahuvachan banane ke lie ant ke 'a' ke sthan par 'e' laga dete haian. jaise-

beta - bete
l daka - l dake
kamara - kamare
kap da - kap de

• akarant striliang shabdoan ka bahuvachan banane ke lie ant ke 'a' ke sthan par 'ai' kar dete haian. jaise-

aankh - aankhean
bat - batean
gay - gayean
rat - ratean

• akarant, ukarant aur aukarant striliang ekavachan shabdoan ka bahuvachan banane ke lie bhi ant mean 'ean' laga dete haian. jaise-

mala - malaean
mata - mataean
dava - davaean
vastu - vastuean

• ikarant striliang ekavachan shabdoan ka bahuvachan banane ke lie unake ant mean 'yaan' jo d dete haian. jaise-

shakti - shaktiyaan
rashi - rashiyaan
riti - ritiyaan
tithi - tithiyaan

• ikarant striliang ekavachan shabdoan ka bahuvachan banane ke lie antim 'ee' ko hrasv karake 'yaan' jo d dete haian. jaise-

nadi - nadiyaan
sakhi - sakhiyaan
l daki - l dakiyaan
thali - thaliyaan

• 'iya' pratyay se bane hue ekavachan striliang shabdoan ka bahuvachan banane ke lie unake ant mean chandrabindu laga dete haian. jaise-

gu diya - gu diyaan
budhiya - budhiyaan
dibiya - dibiyaan

• kuchh ukarant shabdoan ka bahuvachan banane ke lie 'oo' hrasv karake ant mean 'ean' jo d dete haian. jaise-

loo - luean
joo - juean
bahoo - bahuean

• kuchh shabdoan ke age log, gan, vrind, jati, jan aur varg adi shabd lagakar unake bahuvachan banaye jate haian. jaise-

sadhu - sadhulog
balak - balakagan
adhyapak - adhyapakavrind

• kuchh shabdoan ko do bar prayog karake unaka bahuvachan banaya jata hai. jaise-

ghar - ghar-ghar
bhaee - bhaee-bhaee
gaanv - gaanv-gaanv

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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