वायलिन

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is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

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thumb|250px|vayalin vayalin ka upanam bela hai. vayalin kamanayukt tar vady hai, jo punarjagaran ke dauran pahale ke kamanayukt vadyoan, madhyakalin ‘fidal’ hai. vayalin ki 16vian sadi ki italavi prashakha lira d brachio aur ribek se vikasit hua. vayalin shayad sabase prasiddh tatha vishv mean vyapak roop se phaila vady yantr hai. apane poorvavartiyoan ke saman, lekin apane sanbandhi vayॅl ki tarah nahian, vayalin mean pardavihin uangalipatal hota hai.

vayalin ka itihas

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vayalin ko sabase pahale vishesh roop se isake janmasthan itali mean isake gayan svar ke lie manyata mili, jahaan praranbhik nirmataoan, gasparo d salo, aandria aaum aauti aur jovani paolo maggini ne 16vian sadi ke aant se pahale isake ausat anupatoan ko nirdharit kiya. apane itihas ke dauran vayalin mean kee sudhar hue, jinhoanne isake vikasaman sangit upayog ke liye ise kramashah adhik upayukt banaya. samanyatah praranbhik vayalin udar aur prishthabhag mean zyada gahari chapit thi; apekshakrit adhunik vayalin, eantoniyo stradivari (1644-1737) ke abhinav parivartanoan ke bad adhik uthali thi, jo zyada sashakt svar nikalati thi. 19vian sadi mean b de prekshagrihoan aur vayalin marmajnoan ke agaman se vayalin ki sanrachana mean aantim parivartan kie ge. meroo ooancha kiya gaya, dhvani-stanbh evan dhvani-shalaka moti ki gee tatha sharir zyada sapat ho gaya. gardan ko pichhe mo da gaya. taki meroo par taroan ka aur adhik dabav ho. parinamasvaroop, 18vian sadi ke vayalin ko komal aur aantarang svar ki jagah zyada shaktishali evan spasht svar mila.

vayalin ka akar

isake tar samasvaran mekhoan evan akhiri chhor se bandhe hote hai, jo ek meroo ke oopar se hokar guzarate haian. taroan ke dabab se meroo apani jagah sthir rahata hai. meroo taroan ke kanpan ko vayalin ke udar ya dhvanipatal tak pahuanchata hai, jo devadar ka bana hota hai evan dhvani ko ooancha karata hai. vady yantr ke bhitar, meroo ke niche tatha vayalin udar evan mepal lak di se bane prishth bhag ke bich mean svarastanbh hota hai, jo devadar ki patali lak di ka hota hai aur taroan ke kanpan ko prishthabhag ko sanpreshit karata hai, jisake karan vishisht vayalin svar nikalata hai. udar ko niche se mandrashalaka sahara deti hai, lak di ki yah sankari shalaka lanbavat guzarati huee patali hokar udar mean samahit ho jati hai. yah vady ke anunad mean bhi yogadan deti hai. parshv divarean ya pattiyaan devadar ki parat vale mepal se nirmit hoti haian.

vayalin ka upayog

praranbhik vayalinoan ko lokapriy sangit aur nrity sangit mean istemal kiya jata tha. 17vian sadi ke dauran isane kaksh sangit ke buniyadi tar vady ke roop mean v aauyal ka sthan liya. italavi sangitakar moanteverdi ne apane giti naty (aaupera) aaurfiyo (pahali bar 1607 mean pradarshit) ke vady-vriand mean vayalin ko shamil kiya gaya tha. fraans mean rajasi vady-vriand, le 24 vayalans du roi, 1626 mean ayojit kiya gaya. pravin vayalin vadak arakeanjalo k aaureli pahale sangitakaroan mean se the, jinhoanne vayalin ke lie naya sangit racha, vivaldi, je.es. bakh tatha vayalin vadak joozade tartini ne bhi yahi kiya. yahi 18vian sadi se adhikatar pramukh sangitakaroan ne vayalin ke lie ekal sangit racha, isamean mozart, bitovan, shumain, brahms, edavard greg, p aaul haiandamith, aran aauld shoenabarg aur elaban barg shamil haian. phraanseskoan jeminiyani, nikolo paganini, josef yokim, fritz krislar, devid oistrekh, yahoodi menuhin aur aizek starn jaise marmajnoan ne utkrisht vayalin sangit ki rachana ko prerit kiya. vayalin ko madhy-poorv aur dakshin bharat ki sangit kala mean samayojit kiya gaya tatha fidl ki tarah yah kee deshoan ke lokasangit mean bajaya jata hai. 16vian-18vian sadi ke dauran prachalit ten aaur vayalin, v aauyala aur chelo ke bich ke akar ka tha. isaka samasvaran ‘m-sa-p-re’ tha. ten aaur vayalin ko kabhi-kabhi v aauyala bhi kaha jata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh