वास्तुकला
[[chitr:Buland-Darwaja-Fatehpur-Sikri-Agra.jpg|250px|thumb|buland daravaza, fatehapur sikari]] vastukala kisi sthan ko manav ke lie vasayogy banane ki kala hai. at: kalaantar mean yah chahe jitani jatil ho gee ho, isaka aranbh mausam ki ugrata, vany pashuoan ke bhay aur shatruoan ke akraman se bachane ke praranbhik upayoan mean hi hua. manav sabhyata ke itihas ka bhi kuchh aisa hi aranbh hai. vastukala bhavanoan ke vinyas, akalpan aur rachana, parivartanashil samay, takanik aur ruchi ke anusar manav ki avashyakataoan ko santusht karane yogy sabhi prakar ke sthanoan ke tarkasangat evan buddhisangat nirman ki kala ko kahate haian. vijnan tatha takanik ka sanmishran vastukala ki paribhasha mean ata hai. isaka aur bhi spashtikaran kiya ja sakata hai. vastukala lalit kala ki vah shakha rahi hai, jisaka uddeshy audyogiki ka sahayog lete hue upayogita ki drishti se uttam bhavan-nirman karana hai, jinake paryavaran susanskrit evan kalatmak ruchi ke lie atyant priy, sauandary-bhavana ke poshak tatha anandavardhak hoan.[1]
vastukala ka itihas
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prachin kal mean vastukala sabhi kalaoan ki janani kahi jati thi. kiantu vritti ke parivartan ke sath aur sanbaddh vyavasayoan ke bhag lene par yah samaveshak sanrakshan ki muhar ab nahian rahi. vastukala puratan kal ki samajik sthiti ko prakash mean lane vala mudranalay bhi kahi gee hai. yah vahian tak thik hai, jahaan tak samajik evan any upalabdhiyoan ka prabhav hai. yah bhi kaha gaya hai ki vastukala bhavanoan ke alankaran ke atirikt aur kuchh nahian hai. jahaan tak aitihasik vastukala ka sanbandh hai, yah aanshat: saty hai. phir vastukala sabhyata ka saancha bhi kahi gee hai. jahaan tak puratatviy prabhav hai, yah thik hai, kiantu vastukala ke itihas par ek sankshipt drishtipat se yah spasht ho jata hai ki manav ke prachinatam prayas shikariyoan ke adikalin gufa-avasoan, charavahoan ke charm-tanbuoan aur kisanoan ke jhopadoan ke roop mean dikhaee p date haian. nauka-avas aur vrikshoan par bani jhop diyaan purakalin vishishtataean haian. dharmik smarak banane ke adikalin prayas patthar aur lak di ki ba d ke roop mean the. in adikalin prayasoan mean aur unake sudhare hue roopoan mean sabhi deshoan mean kuchh n kuchh batean aisi mahattvapoorn aur vishisht prakar ki haian ki bahut din bad ki mahanatam kala kritiyoan mean bhi ve pratyaksh haian.[1]
vastukala se abhipray
[[chitr:Tajmahal-03.jpg|250px|thumb|tajamahal agara]] prakriti, buddhi evan ruchi dvara nirdharit aur niyamit katipay siddhaantoan aur anupatoan ke anusar rachana karana is kala ka sanbaddh aang hai. nakshoan aur piandoan ka aisa vinyas karana aur sanrachana ko atyant upayukt dhang se samriddh karana, jisase adhikatam suvidhaoan ke sath rochakata, sauandary, mahanata, ekata, aur shakti ki srishti ho, yahi vastukaushal hai. praranbhik avasthaoan mean vastukala ka sthan manav ke simit prayojanoan ke lie avashyak peshoan, ya vyavasayoan mean, pray: manushy ke lie kisi prakar ka rakshasthan pradan karane ke lie hota hai. kisi jati ke itihas mean vastukritiyaan mahattvapoorn tab hoti haian, jab unamean kisi aansh tak sabhyata, samriddhi aur vilasita a jati hai, aur unamean jati ke garv, pratishtha, mahatvakaanksha, aur adhyatmikata ki prakriti poornataya abhivyakt hoti hai.[1]
vikas
yugoan ke drut vikasakram mean vastukala vikasi, dhali, aur manav ki parivartanashil avashkataoan ke anusar usamean parivartan hua. misr ke sade svaroop, chin ke manak abhikalp-svaroop, bharat ke videshi tatha samriddh svaroop, maiksiko ke may aur aijatek ki anagadh mahima, yoonan ke atyant vikasit devayatan, roman samrajy ki bahuvidh avashyakataoan ki poorti karane vale jatil prakar ke bhavan, purakalin adanbarahin giraje, mahanh gathik giraja bhavan aur chitropam durg, turki imaratoan ke utkrisht vinyas evan anupat, aur yooropiy punarutthan ke bhavy vastukiy smarak aitihasik vastu ke satat vikas ka lekha prastut karate haian. ye sab imaratean manav vikas ke mahanh yugoan ki or iangit karati haian, jinamean vastukala jatiy jivan se atyadhik sanbandhit hone ke karan un jatiyoan ki pratibha aur mahatvakaanksha ka, jinaki unake smarakoan par suspasht chhap haian, digdarshan karati haian.
vastukala ka adhar
isamean sandeh nahian ki vastukala ka adhar imaratean haian, kiantu yah imaratean kh di karane ke atirikt kuchh aur bhi haian, jaise kavita gady rachana ke atirikt kuchh aur bhi hai. mithe svar mean gae jane par kavita prabhavashali hoti hi hai, kiantu jab usake sath upayukt sangit aur layayukt nrity cheshtaean bhi hoti haian, tab vah keval manushy ke hriday ki aur vibhinn iandriyoan ko hi akarshit nahian karati, apitu inake gauravapoorn mel se nirmit sare vatavaran se hi use avagat karati haian. isi prakar vastukalpanaean, darshanik gatividhiyoan se, kavyamay abhivyaktiyoan se, aur sammilit layatmak, sangitatmak tatha varnatmak arthoan se paripoorn hoti haian, aur aisi utkrisht vastukritiyaan manav ke aantarmanas ko chhooti hueean sabhi prakar se usaki prashansa ka patr hoti haian, aur phir vishvavyapi khyati arjit karati haian. sarvasanmat mahanh vastukritiyoan ki yah prashasti chirasthayi hoti hai, aur bhavi pidhiyoan ko prerana deti hai.[1]
upalabdhi tatha gun
[[chitr:Rashtrapati-Bhavan-1.jpg|250px|thumb|rashtrapati bhavan, dilli]] pratyek aitihasik vastu ki upalabdhiyaan mote taur se do moolabhoot siddhaantoan se nishchit ki ja sakati haian, ek jo sankalpana mean aantarnihit hai, aur doosara jo sarvochch vishishtata ka dyotak hai. misri vastu mean yah yugottarajivi vishal aur bhari smarakoan dvara vyakt rahasyamayata hai, asiriyaee, bebiloni aur eerani kala mean yah shastrashakti aur vilasi jivan tha. yoonani kala mean yah nishchayatmak ayojana aur sanshodhit drishtibhram tha, jisake phalasvaroop sadagi aur parishkrit poornata aee. romanoan mean yah bhavyata, anand evan shakti ka prem tha, jisake phalasvaroop vilakshan vaijnanik nirman hua. purakalin eesaiyoan mean yah eesa masih ki sachchi sadagi aur gaurav vyakt karane vale girajagharoan ke nirman ke prati bhari utsah ke roop mean tha; gathik nirmataoan mean yah sanrachana yaantriki ke jnan se yukt utkat shakti thi; italavi punaruddhar mean yah us yug ki vidvatta thi. bauddh aur hindoo vastukala ka utkrisht gun usaka adhyatmik tatv hai, jo usake vikas mean adyopaant pratyaksh hai. musalamani vastukala mean akalpaniy dhan sanpada, that, aur vishal bhookhand par usaka prabhutv jhalakata hai; jabaki bharat ka bhimakay afagan ka vastu us shasan ki akramak pravritti prakat karata hai; kiantu mugal smarak utkrisht anupat aur kriti sanbandhi prem ko darshane mean shreshth haian tatha bharat ki garmi mean unaka jivan bhali bhaanti vyakt karate haian. is prakar bhootakalin kritiyoan mean ham dekhate haian ki chattanoan, eetoan aur pattharoan mean moort ve vichar hi haian jo uparyukt aur vishvasaniy dhang se kisi n kisi roop mean gaurav ke shikhar par pahuanchi huee sabhyataoan ki tatkalin dharm sanbandhi ya any jagriti vyakt karate haian.
anusaran tatha samanjasy
in tamam saloan mean vastukala samayik chetana paryavaran tatha sthaniy prishthabhoomi ke samanjasy mean vikasit huee. aj bhi ham pratibhavan vyaktiyoan ke lie sarvadhik upayukt svaroop tatolate rahate haian. aj kuchh aise vastuk haian jo bhoot ka anusaran karane mean hi santusht haian. kuchh any haian jo videshi dhang ka anukaran karane ka prayas karate haian. bahut tho de se aise haian, jo apane samay, gati aur rashtriy drishtikan ke anuroop vastu ka vikas karane ka prayas kar rahe haian. is chhote se varg ka prayas naya sanghat prastut karane ka hai, jo manushy ko ne vichar sochane aur dharan karane ki prerana deta hai. is prakar se hamare yug ke bhavan nirman karane ka prayas karate haian aur bad mean ye hi bhavan manav sharir aur mastishk ke svasth vikas ko protsahit karake jati ka nirman kareange. isake atirikt ham dekhate haian ki vastukala kabhi-kabhi jnat upayogita sanbandhi avashyakataoan aur usaki nirman paddhatiyoan se age bhi badh jati hai. vastukala mean hi kalpana ki vishuddh srishti, jab sare drishtikon ke vyapak avarodh ke sath vyakt hoti haian, tab poornata ke shikhar par pahuanchane mean samarth hoti haian, jaise yoonan mean joos ke sir se ethina ki, ya bharat mean svayanbhoo ki upama.
adhunik svaroop
[[chitr:Akshardham-Temple-Delhi.jpg|250px|thumb|aksharadham mandir, dilli]] yah saty hai ki vastukala ke prayogoan mean bahut asthirata rahi hai, jisase aganit shailiyaan prakat ho gee haian. kiantu un shailiyoan se kisi vastuk ko kya prayojan? ya unaka usake yug se kya sanbandh? sach to yah hai ki vastukala n koee panth hai n shaili, varanh yah to vikas ka atoot kram hai. isalie vastuk ko shailiyoan se vishesh prayojan nahian, jaise badalate hue phaishan se kisi mahila ki poshak ka koee sanbandh nahian. is vishay mean phraiankalayad rait ne kaha hai ki, 'vastukala ki paridhi idhar-udhar hatati rahati hai, usaka keandr nahian badalata'. adhunik vastukala ka vikas vinyas ki sanrachanatmak avashyakataoan aur upalabdh samagri ki sauandary sanbhavanaoan dvara prastut pratibandhoan ki upasthiti mean suandarata ke lie khoj aur sangharsh ke phalasvaroop hua hai. jab inake phalasvaroop kisi rachana ki srishti hoti hai, tab aisa lagata hai ki aj ki vastukala bhari rachanaoan aur avrittiyoan ke roop mean vyakt moortikala hi hai. yadi is sandarbh mean dekhe to vastukala vyakti ke apane sarjak man ki sanpoorn evan suvikasit rachana honi chahie, jo svayanbhoo ke uchch star tak pahuanchati hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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