विश्वनाथ प्रताप सिंह
vishvanath pratap sianh
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| poora nam | vishvanath pratap sianh |
| janm | 25 joon, 1931 |
| janm bhoomi | ilahabad zila, uttar pradesh |
| mrityu | 27 navambar, 2008 |
| mrityu sthan | dilli |
| abhibhavak | bahadur ray gopal sianh |
| pati/patni | sita kumari |
| santan | do putr |
| parti | kaangres, janata dal |
| pad | bharat ke athavean pradhanamantri, poorv mukhyamantri, poorv kendriy vanijy mantri, poorv vittamantri |
| kary kal | 2 disambar, 1989 se 10 navambar 1990 |
| vidyalay | ilahabad aur poona vishvavidyalay |
| sthapana | gopal iantaramidiet k aaulej |
| rachanaean | 'mufalis', 'aeena' |
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vishvanath pratap sianh (janm- 25 joon, 1931, uttar pradesh; mrityu- 27 navambar, 2008, dilli) bharat ke athavean pradhanamantri the. rajiv gaandhi sarakar ke patan ke karan bane vishvanath pratap sianh ne am chunav ke madhyam se 2 disambar, 1989 ko pradhanamantri pad prapt kiya tha. sianh behad mahattvakaankshi hone ke atirikt kutil rajanitijn bhi kahe jate haian.
janm evan parivar
vishvanath pratap sianh ka janm 25 joon, 1931 uttar pradesh ke ilahabad zile mean hua tha. vah raja bahadur ray gopal sianh ke putr the. unaka vivah 25 joon, 1955 ko apane janm din par hi sita kumari ke sath sampann hua tha. inhean do putr ratnoan ki prapti huee. sianh ne ilahabad (uttar pradesh) mean 'gopal iantaramidiet k aaulej' ki sthapana ki thi.
vidyarthi jivan
vishvanath pratap sianh ne ilahabad aur poona vishvavidyalay mean adhyayan kiya tha. vah 1947-1948 mean uday pratap k aaulej, varanasi ki vidyarthi yooniyan ke adhyaksh rahe. vishvanath pratap sianh ilahabad vishvavidyalay ki stoodeant yooniyan mean upadhyaksh bhi the. 1957 mean unhoanne 'bhoodan andolan' mean sakriy bhoomika nibhaee thi. sianh ne apani zaminean dan mean de dian. isake lie parivarik vivad hua, jo ki nyayalay bhi ja pahuancha tha. vah ilahabad ki 'akhil bharatiy kaangres samiti' ke adhishasi prakoshth ke sadasy bhi rahe. rajaniti ke atirikt inhean kavita aur petiang ka bhi shauq tha. inake kavita sangrah bhi prakashit hue aur petiangs ki pradarshaniyaan bhi lagian.
rajanitik jivan
vishvanath pratap sianh ko apane vidyarthi jivan mean hi rajaniti se dilachaspi ho gee thi. vah samriddh parivar se the, is karan yuvakal ki rajaniti mean unhean saphalata prapt huee. unaka sambandh bharatiy kaangres parti ke sath ho gaya. 1969-1971 mean vah uttar pradesh vidhanasabha mean pahuanche. unhoanne uttar pradesh mean mukhyamantri ka karyabhar bhi sambhala. unaka mukhyamantri karyakal 9 joon, 1980 se 28 joon, 1982 tak hi raha. isake pashchatt vah 29 janavari, 1983 ko kendriy vanijy mantri bane. vishvanath pratap sianh rajyasabha ke bhi sadasy rahe. 31 disambar, 1984 ko vah bharat ke vittamantri bhi bane. bharatiy rajaniti ke paridrishy mean vishvanath pratap sianh us samay vittamantri the, jab rajiv gaandhi ke sath mean unaka takarav hua. vishvanath pratap sianh ke pas yah soochana thi ki kee bharatiyoan dvara videshi baiankoan mean akoot dhan jama karavaya gaya hai. is par vi. pi. sianh arthath vishvanath pratap sianh ne amerika ki ek jasoos sanstha 'feyarafaiks' ki niyukti kar di taki aise bharatiyoan ka pata lagaya ja sake.
svidan ne 16 aprail, 1987 ko yah samachar prasarit kiya ki bharat mean bophors kampani ki 410 topoan ka sauda hua tha, usamean 60 karo d ki rashi kamishan ke taur par di gee thi. jab yah samachar bharatiy midiya tak pahuancha to vah pratidin ise siramaur banakar pesh karane laga. is 'brekiang nyooj' ka upayog vipaksh ne bhi khoob kiya. usane janata tak yah sandesh pahuanchaya ki 60 karo d ki dalali mean rajiv gaandhi aur unake parivarik sadasyoan ki sanliptata thi. yadyapi yah ekadam jhooth tha aur bad mean sabit bhi hua. rajiv gaandhi ko bharatiy nyayalay ne klin chit bhi pradan kar di. bophors kaand ke surkhiyoan mean rahate hue 1989 ke chunav bhi a ge. vi. pi. sianh aur vipaksh ne ise chunavi mudde ke roop mean pesh kiya. vi. pi. sianh ne 1987 mean kaangres dvara nishkasit kie jane par janata ke madhy jakar yah dushprachar karana arambh kar diya ki kaangres sarakar mean shirsh star par bhrashtachar vyapt hai.
vi. pi. sianh ne ek or janata ke bich apani satyavadi harishchandr ki chhavi banaee to doosari or kaangres ko to dane ka kam bhi arambh kar diya. jo log rajiv gaandhi se asantusht the, unase vi. pi. sianh ne sampark karana arambh kar diya. vah chahate the ki asantusht kaangresi rajiv gaandhi aur kaangres parti se alag ho jaean. unaki is muhim mean pahala nam tha - arif muhammad ka. arif muhammad ek azad evan pragatishil vicharoan ke vyakti the. is karan vah chahate the ki islamik kuritiyoan ko samapt kiya jana avashyak hai. arif muhammad tatha rajiv gaandhi ek-doosare ke behad qarib the lekin ek ghatana ne unake bich gahari khaee paida kar di. darasal hua yah ki haidarabad mean shahabano ko usake pati dvara talaq dene ke bad mamala adalat tak ja pahuancha. adalat ne muslim mahila shahabano ko jivan nirvah bhatte ke yogy mana. lekin muslim kattarapanthi chahate the ki 'muslim parsanal l aau' ke adhar par hi phaisala kiya jae. is karan yah vivad kafi tool pak d chuka tha. aisi sthiti mean rajiv gaandhi ne arif muhammad se kaha ki vah ek zoradar abhiyan chalakar logoan ko samajhaean ki muslimoan ko naya qanoon manana chahie aur 'muslim vyaktigat qanoon' par nirbhar nahian rahana chahie.
vi. pi. sianh ne vidyacharan shukl, ramadhan tatha satapal malik aur any asantusht kaangresiyoan ke sath milakar 2 aktoobar, 1987 ko apana ek prithakh morcha gathit kar liya. is morche mean bharatiy janata parti bhi sammilit ho gee. vamadaloan ne bhi morche ko samarthan dene ki ghoshana kar di. is prakar sat daloan ke morche ka nirman 6 agast, 1988 ko hua aur 11 aktoobar, 1988 ko rashtriy morcha ka vidhivat gathan kar liya gaya.
pradhanamantri ke pad par
1989 ka lokasabha chunav poorn hua. kaangres ko bhari kshati uthani p di. use matr 197 sitean hi prapt hueean. vishvanath pratap sianh ke rashtriy morche ko 146 sitean milian. bhajapa aur vamadaloan ne rashtriy morche ko samarthan dene ka irada zahir kar diya. tab bhajapa ke pas 86 saansad the aur vamadaloan ke pas 52 saansad. is tarah rashtriy morche ko 248 sadasyoan ka samarthan prapt ho gaya. vi. pi. sianh svayan ko pradhanamantri pad ka ummidavar bata rahe the. unhean lagata tha ki rajiv gaandhi aur kaangres ki parajay unake karan hi sambhav huee hai. lekin chandrashekhar aur devilal bhi pradhanamantri pad ki dau d mean shariq ho ge. aise mean yah tay kiya gaya ki vi. pi. sianh ki pradhanamantri pad par tajaposhi hogi aur chaudhari devilal ko upapradhanamantri banaya jaega. at: 2 disambar, 1989 ko vi. pi. sianh ne pradhanamantri pad ki shapath grahan kar li.
vishvanath pratap sianh ne sadagi ka chola dharan karake apani chalean chali thian. vah janata ke samane am adami bane lekin hriday se kutil chanaky the. pradhanamantri banate hi unhoanne sikhoan ke ghav par maraham rakhane ke lie svarn mandir ki or dau d lagaee. 'aaupareshan blyoo star' rajiv gaandhi ki mata iandira gaandhi dvara uthaya gaya qadam tha. vi. pi. sianh ne rajiv gaandhi aur kaangres parti ke bhrashtachar ka khulasa karane ka vada kiya tha, lekin vah kisi bhi arop ko sabit nahian kar sake. us samay tak rajiv gaandhi ki mrityu ho chuki thi. chandrashekhar aur devilal bhi unake sath sparddha kar rahe the.
kashmir mean atankavad
kashmir ka atankavad bhi ek samasya ban raha tha. kashmir ka masala nibatane ke lie jo samiti bani, usaka adhyaksh j aaurj farnadij ko banaya gaya. arun neharoo aur mufti muhammad seed ko bhi kashmir mamale mean dakhal dene ka adhikari bana diya gaya. phir rahi-sahi qasar unhoanne jagamohan ko kashmir ka rajyapal banakar poori kar di. isase zahir ho raha tha ki vah kisi par vishvas nahian kar rahe the. kul milakar rashtriy morcha sarakar sabhi kshetroan mean asaphalata ko prapt huee. shrilanka se bharatiy sena ki muqammal vapasi ho gee. ram mandir aur babari masjid ka mamala bhi ulajhae rakha gaya. vi. pi. sianh ne jab jagamohan ko kashmir ka rajyapal banakar vahaan par bheja to farookh abdulla ne mukhyamantri pad se tyagapatr de diya. tab jagamohan ne kashmir ka shasan hastagat karane ke lie vidhanasabha bhang kar di. aise mean vi. pi. sianh ne vivash hokar jagamohan ko kashmir se vapas bula liya.
janata morcha ke chandrashekhar khari bat kahane vale vyakti the. farookh abdulla ne mukhyamantri pad se is karan se tyagapatr diya tha, kyoanki jagamohan ko kashmir ka rajyapal banakar bheja gaya tha. jagamohan ne 1983 mean vidhayakoan ko to dakar farookh abdulla ko mukhyamantri pad se tyagapatr dene ke lie vivash kar diya tha. is karan chandrashekhar ne farookh abdulla ka samarthan kiya. rashtriy morcha mean sabhi netaoan ke paraspar sambandh bahut kharab the. charan sianh ke putr ajit sianh ko devilal pasand nahian karate the aur chandrashekhar ko devilal napasand the. devilal apane putr omaprakash chautala ke moh mean grast the. is karan unhoanne hariyana ki mukhyamantri ki kursi par omaprakash chautala ko baitha diya. chautala ne maham ki sit se chunav l da tha. dhaandhaliyoan ke karan nirvachan ayog ne vah chunav radd kar diya. tab chautala ko mukhyamantri pad se istifa dena p da. lekin do mah bad upapradhanamantri pita devilal ke varad hast se vah pun: hariyana ke mukhyamantri ban ge. isase rashtriy morche mean aantarkalah ki sthiti zyada badh gee.
omaprakash chautala ke mudde par arif muhammad aur arun neharoo ne tyagapatr de diya. tab vi. pi.sianh ne devilal se spasht kah diya ki yadi omaprakash chautala hariyana ke mukhyamantri ka pad nahian chho date haian to vah pradhanamantri pad se tyagapatr de deange. aisi sthiti mean devilal ne unhean ashvasan diya ki omaprakash chautala mukhyamantri ka pad chho d deange. devilal janate the ki unake putr omaprakash chautala par dabav banane vale vyakti arun neharoo aur arif muhammad haian. isilie unhoanne donoan ke viruddh bhrashtachar ka arop lagaya. arop ke samarthan mean devilal ne 1987 mean rashtrapati ko likhe ge vi. pi. sianh ka patr prastut kiya. jisamean arun neharoo aur arif muhammad ke bophors saude mean shariq hone ki bat likh thi. vi. pi. sianh ne us patr ko n keval jali qarar diya balki chaudhari devilal ki shakti ka anuman lagae bina unhean barkhast bhi kar diya.
mandal kamishan ki riport
devilal ne apani shakti ka pradarshan karane ke lie 9 agast ko kisan raili karane ka nirnay kiya. vi. pi. sianh janate the ki chaudhari devilal ka kisanoan par achchha prabhav hai. unhean pata tha ki yadi yah raili huee to dilli ka prashasan dol jaega. at: us raili ka muqabala karane ke lie vi. pi. sianh ne 7 agast ko mandal kamishan ki riport sansad mean pesh kar di. darasal janata parti sarakar ne 1977-79 mean mandal kamishan ka gathan kiya tha. mandan kamishan ne any pichh da varg ke sambandh mean anek anushansaean ki thian. lekin janata parti use lagoo kar pati, usake poorv hi vah toot gee aur chunav ke bad mean iandira gaandhi satta mean a geean.
vi. pi. sianh ke hath mandal kamishan ki vahi sifarishean lag gee thian. use sansad mean pesh karane ke bad jab anushansaean lagoo huee to desh mean bhoochal a gaya. savarn aur any pichh da varg ke roop mean do nee samasyaean paida ho geean. any pichh da varg ko naukariyoan mean 27 pratishat ka arakshan prapt ho raha tha jabaki savarnoan ke lie 50.5 pratishat hi naukari ke avasar rah gaye the. kyoanki es. si. aur es. ti. ke lie 22.5 pratishat pahale se hi arakshan tha. is arakshan niti ko uchch shiksha ke avasaroan par bhi lagoo hona tha.
mandal kamishan ki sifarishean lagoo hote hi chhatr bh dak uthe. savarn jati ke naujavanoan ko lag raha tha ki unaka bhavishy aandhakaramay ho gaya hai. naujavan yah maang kar rahe the ki es. si. evan es. ti. arakshan ki samiksha ki jae aur arakshan ka labh prapt kar savarnoan ke barabar a chuke logoan ko us soochi se nikal diya jae. ab samasya aur bhi jatil ho gee thi. chhatr hiansak andolan karane lage. anek chhatroan ne to atmadah bhi kar liya. tab merath ke kisan neta mahendr sianh tikait ne naujavanoan ka ahvan kiya ki un netaoan ko sabak sikhao jinhoanne mandal kamishan ki sifarishean lagoo ki haian. dilli mean avyavastha phail gee. chhatroan par aankush lagana pulis ke boote se bahar ho gaya tha. aisi sthiti mean uchchatam nyayalay ne 1 aktoobar, 1990 ko mandal kamishanash ke prativedan ko lagoo karane par rok laga di.
in sabaka parinam vi. pi. sianh ke lie ghatak siddh hua. phir 10 navambar, 1990 ko 58 saansadoan ne chandrashekhar ke paksh mean pala badal liya. aise mean vi. pi. sianh ko pradhanamantri ka pad chho dane ke lie vivash hona p da. usake bad vi. pi. sianh sadaiv ke lie hashiye par chale ge.
nidhan
is dauran vi. pi. sianh gurdoan ki bimari se pi dit rahe. unhoanne kisanoan aur visthapitoan ki samasyaoan ko adhar banakar apana rajanitik qad pun: banane ka prayas kiya. lekin inaka sharir sath nahian de raha tha. 27 navambar, 2008 ko 77 varsh ki avastha mean vi. pi. sianh ka nidhan dilli ke 'apolo h aauspital' mean ho gaya. inhean pichhale 17 varshoan se blad kaiansar tha. inake livar ne bhi kary karana band kar diya tha. inhean mrityu se 6 mah poorv apolo h aauspital mean bharti karavaya gaya tha. vah apane pichhe patni sunita kumari tatha do putroan abhay sianh aur ajay sianh ko chho d ge.
- vishvanath pratap sianh ki do kavitaean prastut haian-
mufalis
mufalis se ab chor ban raha hooan
par is bhare bazar se churaooan kya,
yahaan vahi chizean saji haian
jinhean lutakar maian mufalis ho chuka hooan.
aeena
mere ek taraf chamakadar aeena hai
usamean cheharoan ki chahal-pahal hai,
use duniya dekhati hai
doosari or koee nahian
use maian akele hi dekhata hooan.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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