विश्व खाद्य दिवस

vishv khady divas
vishv khady divas|200px|center
vivaran	'vishv khady divas' pratyek varsh '16 aktoobar' ko manaya jata hai. yah divas vishv mean logoan ko khadyann ki mahatta samajhane aur usaki barbadi rokane ke lie prerit karata hai.
tithi	16 aktoobar
shuruat	1980
uddeshy	is divas ka mukhy uddeshy khadyann utpadan badhane ke lie vikasashil deshoan ke madhy takaniki evan vittiy sahayog badhana aur vikasit deshoan se adhunik takaniki madad upalabdh karana hai.
any janakari	'sanyukt rashtr khady aur krishi sangathan' ke anusar 2002 ki tulana mean khadyannoan ki kimatoan mean 140 pratishat ki bhari-bharakam vriddhi huee hai. isaki vajah se disambar 2007 se 40 desho ko khadyann sankat ka samana karana p d raha hai.

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vishv khady divas pratyek varsh '16 aktoobar' ko manaya jata hai. is divas ko manate hue battis varsh ho chuke haian, lekin duniya bhar mean bhookhe pet sone valoan ki sankhya mean kami nahian aee hai. yah sankhya aj bhi tezi se badhati ja rahi hai. vishv mean aj bhi kee log aise haian, jo bhookhamari se joojh rahe haian. is mamale mean vikasashil ya vikasit deshoan mean kisi tarah ka koee farq nahian hai. vishv ki abadi varsh 2050 tak nau arab hone ka anuman lagaya ja raha hai aur isamean qarib 80 phisadi log vikasashil deshoan mean raheange. aise mean kis tarah khady suraksha sunishchit ki jae, yah ek b da prashn hai. duniya mean ek taraf to aise log haian, jinake ghar mean khana khoob barbad hota hai aur pheank diya jata hai. vahian doosari or aise logoan ki bhi kami nahian hai, jinhean ek samay ka bhojan bhi nahian mil pata. khadyann ki isi samasya ko dekhate hue '16 aktoobar' ko har sal 'vishv khady divas' manane ki ghoshana ki gee thi.

shuruat

vishv samaj ke santulit vikas ke lie yah avashyak hai ki manushy ka sarvaangin vikas ho. vishv mean logoan ko santulit bhojan ki itani matra mile ki ve kuposhan ke dayare se bahar nikal kar ek svasth jivan ji sakean. logoan ko santulit bhojan mil sake, isake lie avashyak hai ki vishv mean khadyann ka utpadan bhi paryapt matra mean ho. din par din vishv ki janasankhya mean ho rahi vriddhi aur khady padarthoan ke simit bhandar ko dekhate hue khadyann utpadan badhane ki zaroorat mahasoos ki gee. ise dhyan mean rakhate hue sanyukt rashtr ne 16 aktoobar, 1945 ko rom mean "khady evan krishi sangathan" (epheo) ki sthapana ki. sansar mean vyapt bhukhamari ke prati logoan mean jagarookata phailane evan ise khatm karane ke lie 1980 se 16 aktoobar ko 'vishv khady divas' ka ayojan shuroo kiya gaya.

uddeshy

'vishv khady divas' ka mukhy uddeshy duniya se bhukhamari ko khatm karana hai. aj bhi vishv mean karo doan log bhukhamari ke shikar haian. vartaman samay mean yah bahut avashyak ho gaya hai ki vishv se bhukhamari mitane ke lie atyadhunik tarike se kheti ki jaye. 'vishv khady divas' ka uddeshy khadyann utpadan badhane ke lie vikasashil deshoan ke madhy takaniki evan vittiy sahayog badhana aur vikasit deshoan se adhunik takaniki madad upalabdh karana hai. sanyukt rashtr ki tamam sansthaoan dvara vikasashil deshoan mean garibi evan bhookhamari se nipatane ke lie tamam prayas bhi shuroo kie ge haian. khasataur par afrika mahadvip ke ravaanda, buruandi, naijiriya, senegal, somaliya aur iritriya adi deshoan mean jahaan yah samasya kafi bhayavah hai.

tezi se badhati bhukhamari

duniya bhar mean bhookhe pet sone valoan ki sankhya tezi se badhati ja rahi hai. 'sanyukt rashtr khady aur krishi sangathan' ke anusar 2002 ki tulana mean khadyannoan ki kimatoan mean 140 pratishat ki bhari-bharakam vriddhi huee hai. isaki vajah se disambar 2007 se 40 desho ko khadyann sankat ka samana karana p d raha hai. haiti aur maiksiko mean lakhoan log isake khilaf s dakoan par utar ae. vahian kee deshoan mean dange aur lootapat ki ghatanaean bhi huee. sanyukt rashtr sangh ne in deshoan mean khady sankat ke karan samajik aur rajanitik uthal-puthal yani 'yuddh jaisi sthiti' paida hone ki chetavani di hai. iandoneshiya, aivari kost, senegal, philipians, morokko jaise deshoan mean sthiti kharab hai. ek riport ke anusar bharat mean bhi dal, khady tel aur chini ki bhari kami 2011 ke bad paida ho jayegi. arjun sen gupta kamiti ke anusar desh mean 77 pratishat phisadi log 20 rupaye rojana se kam mean apana guzara karate haian. socha ja sakata hai ki 15 rupaye kilo ata aur 18 rupaye kilo chaval bhi is tabake ke lie kafi mahanga hai.

jahaan ek taraf sthiti itani bhayankar hai, vahian kuchh tathy bhukhamari ko muanh chi date nazar ate haian. 'garjiyan' mean chhapi vishv baiank ki ek gopaniy riport ke anusar amir deshoan dvara jaiv eedhan ke istemal se khady ke damoan mean 75 phisadi ki vriddhi huee hai. makka se ethenol banane vale amerika ne pichhale tin sal ke dauran duniya ke kul makka utpadan ka 75 pratishat hissa h dap kar liya. kanada mean kimat kam hone ki vajah se 1,50,000 sooaroan ko marane par 5 karo d d aaular kharch kie ge. bharat ki sarakari vyavastha bhi pichhe nahian hai. 'bharatiy khady nigam' ne mana hai ki usake godamoan mean har sal 50 karo d rupaye ka 10.40 lakh mitrik tan anaj kharab ho jata hai. yah anaj har sal sava karo d logoan ki bhookh mita sakata hai! duniya mean khane-pine ki kami nahian, balki unake sahi bantavare ki kami hai.

bharat mean khadyann ki samasya

khadyann ki kami ne vishv ke sarvochch sangathanoan aur sarakaroan ko bhi sochane par vivash kar diya hai. bharat mean hal hi mean "khady suraksha bil" laya gaya hai, lekin is bil ka pas hona ya na hona isaki saphalata nahian hai. sab janate haian ki bharat mean khadyann ki kami koee khas mudda nahian hai, balki sarvajanik apoorti pranali aur khadyann bhandaran ki samasya asali samasya hai. bharat mean lakhoan tan anaj khule mean s d raha hai. yah sab aise samay ho raha hai, jab karo doan log bhookhe pet so rahe haian aur chhah sal se chhote bachchoan mean se 47 phisadi kuposhan ke shikar haian. aisa nahian hai ki bharat mean khady bhandaran ke lie koee kanoon nahian hai. 1979 mean 'khadyann bachao' karyakram shuroo kiya gaya tha. isake tahat kisanoan mean jagarookata paida karane aur unhean saste damoan par bhandaran ke lie tankiyaan upalabdh karane ka lakshy rakha gaya tha, lekin isake bavajood aj bhi lakhoan tan anaj barbad hota hai.

badhati abadi aur bhukhamari

sava arab abadi vale bharat jaise desh mean, jahaan sarakari akalanoan ke anusar 32 karo d log garibi rekha ke niche jivan yapan kar rahe haian. epheo ke anusar, bharat mean 2009 mean 23 karo d 10 lakh log charam bhookhamari ka samana kar rahe the. aj bhi sthiti mean koee badalav nahian aya hai. desh mean khadyann ka utpadan b de star par hone ke bavajood bahut b di abadi bhukhamari ka sankat jhel rahi hai. tezise arthik mahashakti banane ki or agrasar bharat ka vishv bhukhamari soochakaank mean 88 deshoan mean 66vaan sthan hai. bharat mean rajy star par to aur bhi vyapak asamanata dekhane ko milati hai. jharakhand, uttar pradesh, chhattisagadh, odisha aur rajasthan adi mean bhookh evan kuposhan se pi dit logoan ki sankhya any bhagoan se adhik hai. abadi badhane evan khadyann ki sthir paidavar ke karan desh mean prati vyakti anaj ki khapat ghatati ja rahi hai. yooniseph ki ek riport ke anusar bharat mean pratidin 5000 bachche kuposhan ke shikar hote ja rahe haian. jan vitaran pranali ke madhyam se gariboan ko milane vala anaj bhrashtachar ki bheant chadh raha hai. krishi kshetr lagatar sarakari upeksha ka shikar ho raha hai. aj desh ki arthavyavastha mean krishi kshetr ki hissedari matr 14 phisadi hai aur is par 55 phisadi kamagaroan ki ajivika chalati hai. aj krishi kshetr kabhi ek phisadi, do phisadi ya phir rrinatmak dar se vriddhi kar raha hai. ajadi ke 65 varsh bit jane ke bad bhi aj sath phisadi kheti varsha ke sahare ho rahi hai.

khadyann ki barbadi

hal hi mean hue ek shodh se yah pata chala hai ki bharat mean vivah adi samarohoan mean khane ki jabaradast barbadi hoti hai. shodh mean paya gaya ki sirph bangaloor shahar mean huee shadiyoan mean qarib 950 tan khady padarth barbad hua. samasya sirph khana pheankane ki hi nahian hai, shadiyoan ke bhojan mean kailauri bhi zaroorat se jyada hoti hai. bharat mean jahaan kuposhan ki b di samasya hai to phir zaroorat se jyada kailauri vala khana khilana bhi ek tarah ki barbadi hai. vishv khady utpadan par ek taja riport ke anusar bharat mean majaboot arthik pragati ke bavajood bhukhamari ki samasya se nipatane ki raphtar bahut dhimi hai. sanyukt rashtr khady aur krishi sangathan ki riport ke anusar duniya mean khadyann ka itana bhandar hai, jo pratyek stri, purush aur bachche ka pet bharane ke lie paryapt hai, lekin isake bavajood karo doan log aise haian, jo dirgh kalik bhukhamari aur kuposhan ya alp poshan ki samasya se joojh rahe haian.

kya sirph krishi utpad badha kar aur khadyann ko badha kar ham bhookh se apani l daee ko sahi disha de sakate haian. chahe vishv ke kisi kone mean is saval ka javab haan ho, lekin bharat mean is saval ka javab na hai aur is na ki vajah hai, khadyannoan ko rakhane ke lie jagah ki kami. yooan to bharat vishv mean khadyann utpadan mean chin ke bad doosare sthan par pichhale dashakoan se bana hua hai, lekin yah bhi sach hai ki yahaan prativarsh karo doan tan anaj barbad hota hai. sarakari aank doan ke anusar lagabhag 58,000 karo d rupaye ka khadyann bhandaran adi takaniki ke abhav mean nasht ho jata hai. bhookhi janasankhya in khadyannoan par tak lagae baithi rah jati hai. kul utpadit khady padartho mean keval do pratishat hi sansadhit kiya ja raha hai. bharat mean lakhoan tan anaj khule mean s d raha hai. yah sab aise samay ho raha hai, jab karo doan log bhookhe pet so rahe haian aur chhah sal se chhote bachchoan mean se 47 phisadi kuposhan ke shikar haian.

hal

bhookh ki vaishvik samasya ko tabhi hal kiya ja sakata hai, jab utpadan badhaya jae. sath hi usase ju de any pahaluoan par bhi saman roop se najar rakhi jae. khadyann suraksha tabhi sanbhav hai, jab sabhi logoan ko har samay, paryapt, surakshit aur poshak tatvoan se yukt khadyann mile, jo unaki ahar sanbandhi avashyakataoan ko poora kar sake. sath hi kuposhan ka rishta garibi, ashiksha, berojagari, adi se bhi hai. isalie kee morchoan par ek sath majaboot ichchhashakti ka pradarshan karana hoga.

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