विश्व जनसंख्या दिवस

vishv janasankhya divas
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vivaran	'vishv janasankhya divas' pratyek varsh 11 julaee ko manaya jata hai. har rashtr mean is din ka vishesh mahatv hai, kyooanki aj duniya ke har vikasashil aur vikasit donoan tarah ke desh janasankhya visphot se chiantit haian.
manane ki tithi	11 julaee
shuruat	11 julaee, 1987
uddeshy	atyadhik tez gati se badhati janasankhya ke prati logoan mean jagarookata lane ke uddeshy se hi yah divas manaya jata hai.
vishesh	chin ke bad bharat 1.2 arab janasankhya ke sath vishv mean doosare nanbar par hai. visheshajnoan ne chianta jataee hai ki agar bharat ki janasankhya isi dar se badhati rahi to 2030 tak yah vishv mean pratham sthan par a jayega.
any janakari	11 julaee, 1987 mean vishv ki janasankhya 5 arab ko par kar gee thi. tab sanyukt rashtr ne janasankhya vriddhi ko lekar duniya bhar mean jagarookata phailane ke lie 'vishv janasankhya divas' manane ka nirnay liya tha.

vishv janasankhya divas (aangrezi: World Population Day) pratyek varsh 11 julaee ko manaya jata hai. atyadhik tez gati se badhati janasankhya ke prati logoan mean jagarookata lane ke uddeshy se hi yah divas manaya jata hai. yah jagarookata manav samaj ki nee pidhiyoan ko behatar jivan dene ka sandesh deti hai. bachchoan ko behatar shiksha, svasthy, vatavaran sahit any avashyak suvidhaean bhavishy mean dene ke lie chhote parivar ki mahati avashyakata nirantar badhati ja rahi hai. prakritik sansadhanoan ka samuchit dohan kar manav samaj ko sarvashreshth banae rakhane aur har iansan ke bhitar insaniyat ko barakarar rakhane ke lie yah bahut zaroori ho gaya hai ki 'vishv janasankhya divas' ki mahatta ko samajha jae.

shuruat

'vishv janasankhya divas' varsh 1987 se manaya ja raha hai. 11 julaee, 1987 mean vishv ki janasankhya 5 arab ko par kar gee thi. tab sanyukt rashtr ne janasankhya vriddhi ko lekar duniya bhar mean jagarookata phailane ke lie yah divas manane ka nirnay liya. tab se is vishesh din ko har sal ek yad aur parivar niyojan ka sankalp lene ke din ke roop mean yad kiya jane laga. har rashtr mean is din ka vishesh mahatv hai, kyooanki aj duniya ke har vikasashil aur vikasit donoan tarah ke desh janasankhya visphot se chiantit haian. vikasashil desh apani abadi aur janasankhya ke bich talamel baithane mean maththapachchi kar rahe haian, to vikasit desh palayan aur rojagar ki chah mean bahar se akar rahane vale sharanarthiyoan ki vajah se pareshan haian.

janasankhya visphot

aj vishv ki janasankhya lagabhag 7 arab se bhi zyada hai. bharat ki janasankhya lagabhag 1 arab, 21 karo d, 1 lakh, 93 hazar, 422 hai. bharat ki pichhale dashak ki janasankhya vriddhi dar 17.64 pratishat hai. vishv ki kul abadi ka adha ya kahean isase bhi adhik hissa eshiyaee deshoan mean hai. chin, bharat aur any eshiyaee deshoan mean shiksha aur jagarukata ki kami ki vajah se janasankhya visphot ke ganbhir khatare saph dikhaee dene lage haian. sthiti yah hai ki agar bharat ne apani janasankhya vriddhi dar par rok nahian lagaee to vah 2030 tak duniya ki sabase b di abadi vala desh ban jaega.

bharat mean bachchoan ki janm dar

bharat mean har ek minat mean 25 bachche paida hote haian. yah aank da un bachchoan ka hai, jo aspataloan mean janm lete haian. abhi isamean gaanvoan aur kasboan ke gharoan mean paida hone vale bachchoan ki sankhya nahian ju di hai. ek minat mean 25 bachchoan ka janm yah saph karata hai ki aj chahe bharat mean kitani bhi pragati huee ho ya bharat shikshit hone ka dava kare, kiantu yah bhi ek sachchaee hai ki ab bhi desh ke logoan mean jagarukata nam matr ki hi aee hai. jagarukata ke nam par bharat mean kee karyakram chalae ge- 'ham do hamare do' ka nara lagaya gaya, lekin log 'ham do hamare do' ka bord to divar par laga dekh lete haian, lekin ghar jakar use bilkul bhool jate haian aur tisare ki taiyari mean jut jate haian. bharat mean garibi, shiksha ki kami aur berojagari aise aham karak haian, jinaki vajah se janasankhya ka yah visphot pratidin hota ja raha hai. aj janasankhya visphot ka atank is kadar chha chuka hai ki 'ham do hamare do' ka nara bhi ab asaphal sa ho gaya hai. isalie bharat sarakar ne naya nara diya hai- "chhota parivar, sanpoorn parivar". chhote parivar ke kee phayade haian- bachchoan ko achchhi paravarish milati hai, achchhi shiksha se ek bachcha do bachchoan ke barabar kama sakata hai, bachche aur maan ka svasthy hamesha achchha rahata hai, jisase davaiyoan ka atirikt kharcha bachata hai. yah aise phayade haian, jo ek chhote parivar mean hote haian.

janasankhya ki sthiti

sampoorn vishv mean chin ko apani 1.3 arab janasankhya ke chalate vishv mean pratham sthan hasil hai. vahian doosari or bharat bhi apani 1.2 arab janasankhya ke sath vishv mean doosare nanbar par hai. visheshajnoan ne chianta jataee hai ki agar bharat ki janasankhya isi dar se badhati rahi to 2030 tak use vishv mean pratham sthan hasil ho jayega. abhi hal ke janasankhya parinamoan ke anusar bharat ki abadi 120 karo d se adhik hai, jo amerika, iandoneshiya, brajil, pakistan aur baangladesh ki kul janansakhya se jyada hai. dhyan dene yogy hai ki bharat ke kee rajy vikas mean bhale hi pichhe hoan, parantu unaki janasankhya vishv ke kee desho ki janasankhya se adhik hai, jaise- tamilanadu ki janasankhya fraans ki janasankhya se adhik hai to vahian odisha arjeantina se age hai. madhy pradesh ki janasankhya thaeelaiand se jyada hai to maharashtr meksiko ke barabar a raha hai. uttar pradesh ne brajil ko pichhe chho da hai to rajasthan ne itali ko pachha da hai. gujarat ne dakshin aphrika ko aur pashchim bangal ne viyatanam ko pichhe chho da hai. yahi nahian bharat ke chhote-chhote rajyoan, jaise- jharakhand, uttarakhand, keral, asam ne bhi kee deshoan, jaise- ugaanda, aaustriya, kanada, uzbekistan ko bahut pichhe chho d diya hai. apani is upalabdhi ke sath yah kah sakate hai ki bharat mean janasankhya ke adhar par vishv ke kee desh basate hai. parantu yah bhi sach hai ki bharat ke pas vishv ka matr 2.4 pratishat kshetr hai, parinamatah sansadhanoan ke mamale mean ham kahian zyada pichhe hai, jisase chiantit hokar ek bar poorv gramin mantri raghuvansh prasad ne yahaan tak kah diya tha ki- "bhale hi kshetr aur sansadhan ke mamale mean amerika hamase age ho, parantu janasankhya ke karan kee amerika bharat mean maujood hai."

svasthy seva par asar

desh ki badhati janasankhya se svasthy seva bhagavan bharose hi hai, agar aisa mana jay to koee atishyokti nahian hogi. ek taraph jahaan chikitsa-paryatan ko badhava dene ki bat ki jati hai to vahian desh ka doosara paksh kuchh aur hi bayan karata hai, jisaka aandaza aye din desh ke vibhinn bhagoan se aye rajadhani dilli ke sarakari aspataloan ke age jama bhi d ko dekhakar lagaya ja sakata hai, jahaan ek chhoti bimari ki ilaj ke lie gramin ilake ke logoan ko dilli sthit ems ana p data hai. bharat ki svasthy seva ke prati janasankhya niyantran par laparavahi ki tasvir se aandaza lagaya ja sakata hai. aj bhi gramin kshetroan mean shaharoan ki apeksha mrityu-dar jyada hai. ek ak de ke mutabik ajadi ke itane varshoan ke bad bhi ilaz ke abhav mean prasav kal mean 1000 me 110 mahilaye dam to d deti haian. dhyan dene yogy hai ki yooenephapie ke karyakari nideshak ne prasav svasthy seva par chiantit hote hue kaha hai ki- "vishv bhar mean pratidin lagabhag 800 se adhik mahilaye prasav ke samay dam to d deti haian. vishv svasthy sangathan ki agar mane to prasav ke samay dam to dane vali mahilao mean 99 pratishat mahilaye vikashasil deshoan se sambandhit haian, jabaki prayah unhean bachaya ja sakata hai." siaeee ke ak doan ke anuroop shishu mrityu-dar sabase kam monaiko desh mean hai, jahaan 1.8 bachche hi kal-grasit hote haian. vahian bharat mean sthiti bilakul ulti hai. bharat mean aj bhi ek hajar bachchoan mean se 46 bachche kal ke shikar ho jate haian aur 40 pratishat se adhik bachche kuposhan ke shikar ho jate haian.

shishu mrityu dar

bachchoan ko janm dene vali maan ke sharir se jab bar-bar janm lete bachchoan ke roop mean pranik tatv bahar nikalata hai, tab vah kramash: adhik kamazor bachchoan ko janm dene ko vivash hoti hai. ye kamazor bachche agar ek varsh ki umr tak nahian bach pate, to hamari shishu mrityu dar badh jati hai. shishu mrityu dar philahal chhattisagadh mean 70 pratishat prati hajar jivit janm hai, jo ki gramin kshetr mean, jahaan janm dar adhik hai aur shiksha ka star kam hai, 85 hai, tatha shaharoan mean 51 hai. shishu ko janm dete hue kamazor mata ki mrityu bhi ho sakati hai. yahaan adhikatar prasav gharoan mean aprashikshit daee ke dvara hota raha hai, jahaan bhavi mata ki akasmik paricharya, raktadan, shaly chikitsa ki koee vyavastha nahian hoti. aj bhi chhag mean 14 lakh gramin parivar garibi rekha ke niche jite haian, aise mean mata ki khurak mean tatha adhik bachchoan vale parivar mean khanapan ki aparyaptata to bani hi rahati hai.

roji-rojagar par prabhav

ek bachche ke janm ke pichhe ek mahila ko kam se kam tin mah ki roji ganvani hoti hai. jitane adhik bachche hoange, utani hi yah avadhi badhati jayegi. janasankhya badhane se rojagar ke oopar dabav aur bhi badhega. dekha jata hai ki berojagaroan ki panji mean 8 lakh nam darj hai, jabaki vigat varsh bhar mean mushkil se 6-7 hajar logoan ko rojagar mil paya hai. gramin kshetr mean rojagar ke avasar ghatane par log shaharoan ki or palayan karate haian. shaharoan mean ekaek badhi janasankhya ke avas ki vyavastha sanbhav n hone se log jhoanp d-pattiyoan mean ya malin bastiyaan bana kar jaise taise avas karane lagate haian. isase manav garima ko thes pahuanchati hai aur manav adhikaroan ka hanan hota hai. asvasthyakar paristhitiyoan ke karan logoan mean bimari phailati hai. bachchoan ko shiksha v sahi paravarish nahian mil pati. din-pratidin badhati huee janasankhya se manav ke khane-pine ki vastuoan par bhi asar p da hai aur rojagar ke avasar simit ho ge haian.

prakritik sansadhanoan ka dohan

amerika ke deli nyooj mean chhapi ek riport ke anusar janavaroan ki prajatiyoan mean 30 pratishat tak ki giravat aee hai, kyoanki manav ne adhik se adhik prakritik sansadhanoan ka dohan shuroo kar diya hai. lagatar ki ja vanoan ki kataee se vrikshoan ki sankhya mean kami ho rahi hai. sath hi sath peyajal ki samasya bhi manav ki samane sir uthaye kh di hai. is riport mean yahaan tak kaha gaya hai ki agar manav dvara prakritik sansadhanoan ka dohan isi prakar hota raha aur janasankhya mean vriddhi isi raftar se badhati rahi to varsh 2030 tak manav ko prithvi jaise do grahoan ki avashyakata aur p degi.

parivar niyojan karyakram

vishv ki betahasa badhati huee janasankhya ko rokane mean 'parivar niyojan karyakram' karagar aur anukaraniy pahal hai. bharatiy prachinatam manyataoan mean bachchoan ko eeshvar ki kripa ka svaroop mana jata hai, kintu vaijnanik avishkaroan aur vijnan ke badhate prabhav se aj ka am vyakti bhi yah janane aur samajhane laga hai ki bachchoan ke janm ko niyantrit kiya ja sakata hai. bachchoan ke janm ko niyantrit karane ke lie svasthy vibhag dvara kee prakar ke sadhan ni:shulk upalabdh karae jate haian. parivar niyojan ke lie upalabdh sadhan upayog ke adhar par mukhyat: do prakar ke hote haian- sthayi evan asthayi. parivar niyojan ke sthayi sadhan mean mahila evan purush nasabandi sabase karagar aur upayukt mani jati hai. en.es.vhi, bina chira ke purush nasabandi hai. yah ek saral evan surakshit vidhi hai, jisamean un nasoan ke donoan siroan ko katakar baandh diya jata hai, jisase shukranuoan ka pravah hota hai. aisa karane se shukranuoan ka pravah vrishan se rook jata hai aur garbhadharan nahian hota. bina chire ke nasabandi ke lie aise vyakti patr hote haian, jinaka parivar poora ho chuka ho, arthath jinhean aur bachchoan ki chah n ho. isake lie sthaee garbh nirodhak sadhan apanane vale dampatti upayukt mane jate haian.

isi prakar mahilaoan dvara bhi nasabandi karakar sthayi roop se parivar niyojan karaya ja sakata hai. mahila nasabandi ke lie bhi adhunikatam vidhiyoan ka upayog kar ise karagar aur kashtarahit banaya gaya hai. mahila nasabandi vartaman mean tin prakar se ki jati hai. chikitsakoan ke anusar sailipiango plasti, tayooboktomi evan laigeshan paddhati se mahilaoan ki nasabandi ki jati hai. mahilaoan ko nasabandi ke dauran chikitsiy paramarsh tatha samay-samay par mahila svasthy karyakarta dvara die jane vale paramarsh ko dhyanapoorvak apanana hoga. chikitsakoan ke anusar bina chire ke purush nasabandi ke kee labh haian. ise nanastich vaisektomi (en.es.vhi.ti.) bhi kahate hai. is vidhi me kisi prakar ka chira ya taanka nahian lagaya jata, keval sarasoan ke dane ke barabar chhed kar nasabandi kiya jata hai. is poori prakriya mean 5 se 10 minat tak ka samay lagata hai aur adha ghante pashchath sanbandhit vyakti apane ghar vapas ja sakata hai. yah ek surakshit vidhi hai aur isase manushy ki kamechchha mean koee kami nahian hoti tatha kisi prakar ki sharirik shithilata bhi nahian ati. bina chire ki nasabandi karane vale danpatti ko lagabhag tin mah ke lie koee bhi asthayi garbh nirodhak sadhan ka upayog karana chahie. tin mah bad viry parikshan karane ke pashchath shukranuhinata ki sthiti mean asthayi sadhan band kar dena chahie. parivar niyojan ke asthayi sadhan ke roop mean mukhy roop se k aauparati, kandom, garbh nirodhak goliyaan adi sadhanoan ka upayog kiya ja sakata hai. vartaman mean parivar niyojan ke kee sadhan bazar mean prachalit haian, kintu kisi bhi sadhan ke upayog se pahale chikitsiy jaanch kara lena jyada phayademand sabit hota haian. in sadhanoan ka upayog kar do bachchoan ke bich mean paryapt avadhi ka aantar sunishchit kiya ja sakata hai.

'vishv janasankhya divas' ke avasar par har dampatti ko janasankhya sthirikaran ke lie apane yogadan par vichar karana hoga. janasankhya visphot ko rokane ke lie avashyakatanusar parivar niyojan ke sadhanoan ko apanakar manav samaj ke uttarottar vikas mean apani sahabhagita sunishchit karani hogi. manushy ko jivan ki moolabhoot avashyakataoan ke sath hi sath sarvaangin vikas ke avasar upalabdh hoan, isake lie janasankhya sthirikaran avashyak hai.

janasankhya ek varadan

bharat ki badhati huee janasankhya ka ek doosara pahaloo bhi hai. chianta ki bajay yah ane vale samay mean varadan bhi ban sakati hai. agar ham pooanjipatiyoan ki manean to ane vale samay mean khapat ki bahulata ke chalate bharat vishv ka sabase b da bazar hoga. parinamatah vishv ke b de-b de udyogapatiyoan ki najar bharat par hogi. jisaki shuruat vaishvikaran ke nam par ho chuki hai. udaharanarth- aautomobaeel, shitapey jaisi kanpaniyaan bharat ke har nagarik tak apani pahuanch banane ko bekarar hai to vahian bharatiy bazaroan mean mobaeel kanpaniyoan ki badh-si a gayi hai. aur to aur bharatiy tyoharoan ka bhi pooanjikaran kar samay-samay par bazar lok lubhavane tarike nikalakar unhean akarshit karane ka prayas karata hai. arthik sudhar ke nam par pratyaksh videshi nivesh jaise bharat-sarakar vishv ke lie har sanbhav rasta kholana chah rahi hai. itana hi nahian duniya ke b de-b de vyapari aj bharat mean ana chahate haian. gujarat isaka pramukh udaharan hai. dhyan dene yogy hai ki gujarat sarakar kee videshi kanpaniyoan ke sath samajhaute kar apane yahaan unaki pooanji nivesh karakar vikas mean bharat ke sabhi rajyoan se age hai. itana hi nahian agar ham ek gair sarakari sangathan ke ak doan ki manean to ane vale samay mean bharat mean navayuvakoan, navadampattiyoan ki bahulata hogi, jisake chalate ye bazar ka keandr bidu hoange aur inhean dhyan mean rakhakar vastuoan ka nirman kiya jayega.

bharat mean seva-kshetr sasta hone ke karan yahaan par pratishthit kapaniyoan ne apane-apane k aaul seantar sthapit kiye haian, jisase lakhoan logoan ko rojagar upalabdh hai. bharat alag-alag sanskritiyoan, bhashaoan aur vividhata bhare vishayoan vala bazar hai. bazar ki yah vividhata hi vaishvikaran ke daur mean manoranjan kanpaniyoan ko sthaniy bhashaoan aur sanskriti ke hisab se vastuoan ko bechane ka mauka deti hai. baharahal donoan pakshoan ko dhyan mean rakhakar janasankhya mean ho rahi betahasa vriddhi ke chalate sarakar ko kuchh thos kadam uthane chahie, jisase ki janasakhya visphot ke karan ham kisi bhayanak tasvir se roobaroo hone na ho paean. isake sath-sath bharat sarakar ko prathamik shiksha ke alava kaushal-vikas evan anusandhan-kendrit shiksha par aur adhik dhyan dene ki zaroorat hai, jisase ki bharat mean ne-ne avishkar aur anusandhan ko badhava mile. kyoanki jitane adhik parivar shikshit evan jagarook hoange, utani hi shishu mrityur aur prasav ke samay hone vali mahilaoan ki maut ki sambhavanayean bhi kam hoangi. jagarookata ko lekar bharat sarakar ka "pals-poliyo unmoolan" ka abhiyan sarahaniy evan anukaraniy hai. dhyan dene yogy hai ki 'vishv svasthy sangathan' ne bharat ko pals-poliyo jaisi ganbhir bimari se mukt ghoshit kiya hai. isi tarz par sarakar ko aur adhik prayas sabhi kshetroan mean karane chahie, chahe vah garibi-unmoolan ho, shiksha ho athava svasthy, jisase 'vishv janasankhya divas' ka bharat mean sahi uddeshy aur adhik badh jaye.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

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