विश्व रक्तदान दिवस

vishv raktadan divas
vishv raktadan divas pratik chihn|200px|center
vivaran	vishv svasthy sangathan dvara har sal 14 joon ko 'vishv raktadan divas' manaya jata hai.
tithi	14 joon
uddeshy	rakt ki zaroorat p dane par usake lie paise dene ki zaroorat nahian p dani chahie, par ab tak lagabhag 49 deshoan ne hi is par amal kiya hai.
shuruat	sanh 1997
any janakari	raktadan ke sambandh mean chikitsa vijnan kahata hai, koee bhi svasthy vyakti jisaki umr 16 se 60 sal ke bich ho, jo 45 kilogram se adhik vajan ka ho aur jise jo echaeevi, hepatitis bi ya hepatitis si jaisi bimari n huee ho, vah raktadan kar sakata hai.

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vishv raktadan divas (aangrezi: World Blood Donor Day) 14 joon ko ghoshit kiya gaya hai. vishv svasthy sangathan dvara har sal 14 joon ko 'raktadan divas' manaya jata hai. varsh 1997 mean vishv svasthy sangathan ne 100 phisadi svaichchhik raktadan niti ki nianv dali hai. varsh 1997 mean sangathan ne yah lakshy rakha tha ki vishv ke pramukh 124 desh apane yahaan svaichchhik raktadan ko hi badhava dean. uddeshy yah tha ki rakt ki zaroorat p dane par usake lie paise dene ki zaroorat nahian p dani chahie, par ab tak lagabhag 49 deshoan ne hi is par amal kiya hai. tanjaniya jaise desh mean 80 pratishat raktadata paise nahian lete, kee deshoan jinamean bharat bhi shamil hai, raktadata paise leta hai. brajil mean to yah qanoon hai ki ap raktadan ke pashchath kisi bhi prakar ki sahayata nahian le sakate. aaustreliya ke sath sath kuchh any desh bhi haian jahaan par raktadata paise bilakul bhi nahian lete.

14 joon hi kyoan ?

bahut kam log janate haian ki vishv svasthy sangathan ne raktadan ko badhava dene ke lie 14 joon ko hi vishv raktadata divas ke taur par kyoan chuna ! darasal karl lendastainar (janm- 14 joon 1868 - mrityu- 26 joon 1943) namak apane samay ke vikhyat aaustriyaee jivavijnani aur bhautikivid ki yad mean unake janmadin ke avasar par din tay kiya gaya hai. varsh 1930 mean sharir vijnan mean nobel puraskar se sammanit uparokt manishi ko yah shrey jata hai ki unhoanne rakt mean aggulyutinin ki maujoodagi ke adhar par rakt ka alag alag rakt samoohoan - e, bi, o mean vargikaran kar chikitsa vijnan mean aham yogadan diya.

bharat mean raktadan ki sthiti

vishv svasthy sangathan ke manak ke tahat bharat mean salana ek karo d yoonit rakt ki zaroorat hai lekin upalabdh 75 lakh yoonit hi ho pata hai. yani qarib 25 lakh yoonit rakt ke abhav mean har sal saiank doan mariz dam to d dete haian. rajadhani dilli mean aank doan ke mutabiq yahaan har sal 350 lakh rakt yoonit ki avashyakata rahati hai, lekin svaichchhik raktadataoan se isaka mahaj 30 phisadi hi jut pata hai. jo hal dilli ka hai vahi shesh bharat ka hai. yah akaran nahian ki bharat ki abadi bhale hi sava arab pahuanch gayi ho, raktadataoan ka aank da kul abadi ka ek pratishat bhi nahian pahuanch paya hai. visheshajnoan ke anusar bharat mean kul raktadan ka keval 59 phisadi raktadan svechchhik hota hai. jabaki rajadhani dilli mean to svaichchhik raktadan keval 32 phisadi hai. dilli mean 53 blad baiank haian par phir bhi ek lakh yoonit rakt ki kami hai. vahian duniya ke kee sare desh haian jo is mamale mean bharat ko kafi pichha chho d dete haian. maloom ho hal mean rajashahi ke jokh d se mukt hokar ganatantr bane nepal mean kul rakt ki zaroorat ka 90 phisadi svaichchhik raktadan se poora hota hai to shrilanka mean 60 phisadi, thaeelend mean 95 phisadi, indoneshiya mean 77 phisadi aur apani nirankush hukoomat ke lie charchit barma mean 60 phisadi hissa raktadan se poora hota hai.

raktadan ko lekar vibhinn bhraantiyaan

rakt ki mahima sabhi janate haian. rakt se apaki ziandagi to chalati hi hai sath hi kitane any ke jivan ko bhi bachaya ja sakata hai. duniya ke is sabase b de lokatantr bharat mean abhi bhi bahut se log yah samajhate haian ki raktadan se sharir kamazor ho jata hai aur us rakt ki bharapaee hone mean mahinoan lag jate haian. itana hi nahian yah galataphahami bhi vyapt hai ki niyamit rakt dene se logoan ki rogapratikarak kshamata kam hoti hai aur use bimariyaan jaldi jak d leti haian. yahaan bhram is qadar phaila hua hai ki log raktadan ka nam sunakar hi sihar uthate haian. bhala bataie kya isase paryapt matra mean rakt ki upalabdhata sunishchit ki ja sakati hai? vishv raktadan divas samaj mean raktadan ko lekar vyapt bhraanti ko door karane ka aur raktadan ko protsahit karane ka kam karata hai. bharatiy redakras ke rashtriy mukhyalay ke blad baiank ki nideshak d aau. vanashri sianh ke anusar desh mean raktadan ko lekar bhraantiyaan kam huee haian par ab bhi kafi kuchh kiya jana baki hai.

raktadan ke sambandh mean chikitsa vijnan

raktadan jivanadan|thumb|300px

• amajan ko yah pata hona chahie ki manushy ke sharir mean rakt banane ki prakriya hamesha chalati rahati hai aur raktadan se koee bhi nukasan nahian hota balki yah to bahut hi kalyanakari kary hai jise jab bhi avasar mile sanpann karana hi chahie.
• raktadan ke sambandh mean chikitsa vijnan kahata hai, koee bhi svasthy vyakti jisaki umr 16 se 60 sal ke bich ho, jo 45 kilogram se adhik vajan ka ho aur jise jo echaeevi, hepatitis bi ya hepatitis si jaisi bimari n huee ho, vah raktadan kar sakata hai.
• ek bar mean jo 350 miligram rakt diya jata hai, usaki poorti sharir mean chaubis ghante ke andar ho jati hai aur gunavatta ki poorti 21 dinoan ke bhitar ho jati hai. doosare, jo vyakti niyamit raktadan karate haian unhean hriday sambandhi bimariyaan kam pareshan karati haian.
• rakt ki sanrachana aisi hai ki usamean samahit lal rakt koshikaean tin mah mean (120 din) svayan hi mar jate haian, lihaza pratyek svasthy vyakti tin mah mean ek bar raktadan kar sakata hai. janakaroan ke mutabiq adha litar rakt tin logoan ki jan bacha sakata hai.
• chikitsakoan ke mutabiq rakt ka lambe samay tak bhandaran nahian kiya ja sakata hai.

peshevar raktadanakarta

aj blad baiankoan mean kee peshevar raktadata jab-tab rakt bechate haian. tamam sharabi, dragist apani lat ki bhookh mitane ke lie tho de se paise ki khatir kee-kee bar rakt bechate haian. inamean se adhikaansh ganbhir rogoan se bhi grast hote hai. ab aisa rakt kisi ko chadha diya jae to svabhavik hai ki vah bachane ki bajay bemaut mara jaega. lekin hota aisa hi hai. aj bhi dilli, muanbee sahit kee b de shaharoan mean aise raktadata mil jaeange jo ki chand rupayoan ke lie apana rakt bech dete haian. inamean se adhikaansh ka rakt dooshit hota hai ya unhoanne do char din ke bhitar hi rakt diya rahata hai. zaroorat p dane par vyakti inase rakt to le leta hai, parantu bad mean use isake parinam bhugatane p date haian.

raktadanakarta

vaise raktadan ko lekar vibhinn galataphahamiyoan ka shikar logoan ke lie suresh kamadas, jinaki umr philavaqt 75 sal hai, ek jita jagata javab haian. 1962 se shuroo karake varsh 2000 tak vah 150 bar raktadan kar chuke haian. yah akaran nahian ki varsh 2012 ke joon mah mean vishv raktadan divas (14 joon) par ve un ginechune logoan mean shamil the, jinhean sammanit kiya gaya. vaise ab chooanki daktaroan ne khud unhean rakt dene se mana kiya hai, unhoanne apane star par ek alag kism ki prachar muhim hath mean li hai, logoan ko raktadan ke lie prerit karane ki. [[chitr:Blood-Donation.jpg|thumb|250px|left|raktadan karate raktadanakarta, ramatek]] vaise suresh kamadas jaise log akele nahian haian jinhoanne raktadan ke prachar ka bi da uthaya hai. ramapura phul ek chhotasa qasba hai jo vahaan ki mandi ke lie mashahoor hai. lekin bahut kam log janate haian ki panjab ke bhatinda shahar ke is kasbe mean aj se lagabhag tis sal pahale ek alag kism ke sangathit prayas ki nianv p di, jisaka prabhav n keval samooche zile mean balki asapas ki any mandiyoan mean bhi pahuancha hai. aur isaka talluk kisi len-den se nahian hai balki ek alag kism ke dan se hai, jisake bare mean shesh hindostaan ke log bahut utsahit nahian rahate haian. darasal am hindostani bhale hi raktadan karane se hichakate hoan, lekin bhatinda mean aj das hazar se adhik svaichchhik raktadanakarta haian jo niyamit taur par raktadan karate haian. raktadan ke lie logoan ke is badhate utsah ka hi parinam hai am taur par apani kshamata se kam rakt sangrahit kar sakane vale blad baiankoan ki deshabhar ki sthiti ke viparit yahaan ke blad baiankoan ko apane yahaan ekatrit rakt ko asapas ke shaharoan - pharidakot, patiyala ke medikal k aaulejoan mean bhejana p data hai.

taeems aauf indiya mean prakashit ek riport batati hai ki raktadan ke bare mean vyapt tamam mithakoan ke tootane ke bad logoan mean ise lekar itana utsah ka vatavaran rahata hai ki log shadi ke mandap ke bahar raktadan shivir rakhate haian ya kisi shraddhaanjali sabha ke sthan par raktadan shivir ka ayojan karate haian. raktadan ko abhiyan ke taur par lene ke ramapur phul ke is prayas ki shuruat am bhasha mean sadharan kahe jane vale vyakti ne ki thi, jinaka nam tha hazarilal bansal. bataya jata hai ki unaki beti kisi gambhir bimari se pi dit thi aur rakt ki achanak zaroorat p di. antat: rakt ka intazam kisi tarah hua aur beti bach bhi gayi, lekin is chhoti si ghatana ne hazarilal ke jivan ko ek naya makasad pradan kiya aur vah raktadan ki mahatta logo ko batane ke kam mean jute aur log bhi ju date ge. ant mean, kya ane vale 14 joon ko ap raktadan ko lekar unhian mithakoan ke gulam bane raheange ya bagal blad baiank mean jakar daktar se kaheange ki maian ab taiyar hooan is mahadan ke lie.

sonipat hariyana ke gabaruddin 163 bar rakt de chuke haian. unhoanne bataya ki unake jivan ka dhyey rakt dekar logoan ki sahayata karana hai. redakras mean rakt dene ae dilli ke sarasvati vihar ke pankaj sharma pichhale kee saloan se svechchha se yah kam karate a rahe hai. unaka kahana hai ki logoan ko raktadan ki mahatta samajhani hogi. yah mahadan hai.

raktadan ke lie jagarookata

vishv raktadan divas par raktadan karate raktadanakarta|thumb|350px sabhyata ke vikas ki dau d mean manushy bhale hi kitana age nikal jae, par zaroorat p dane par aj bhi ek manushy doosare ko apana rakt dene mean hichakichata hai. raktadan ke prati jagarookata lane ki tamam koshishoan ke bavajood manushy ko manushy ka rakt kharidana hi p data hai. isase b di vidanbana aur kya ho sakati hai ki kee durghatanaoan mean rakt ki samay par apoorti n hone ke karan log asamay maut ke muanh mean chale jate haian. raktadan ke prati jagarookata jis star par laee jana chahie thi, us star par n to koshish huee aur n log jagarook hue. bharat ki bat ki jae to ab tak desh mean ek bhi keandriyakrit rakt baiank ki sthapana nahian ho saki hai jisake madhyam se poore desh mean kahian par bhi rakt ki zaroorat ko poora kiya ja sake. teknol aauji mean hue vikas ke bad niji taur par vebasaits ke madhyam se blad baiank v svaichchhik raktadataoan ki soochi ko banane ka kary aranbh hua. isamean tho di-bahut saphalata bhi mili, lekin santoshajanak halat abhi nahian bane.

d aau. vanashri kahati haian ki redakras mean 85 phisadi raktadan svaichchhik hota hai aur ise 95 phisadi tak karane ki karyayojana hai. sarakar aur vibhinn sangathanoan ko blad kaianp aur mobail kaianp laga kar logoan ko raktadan ke lie prerit karana chahie. logoan ko batana hoga ki raktadan ka koee bhi dushprabhav nahian balki yah apako logoan ki jan bachane vala suparahiro banata hai. jagaruk logoan ko is disha mean sochana hoga ki kaise desh ki adhikaansh abadi ko raktadan ki mahima samajhaee jae taki ve vakt-halat ko samajh sakean aur jab bhi zaroorat ho is paropakari krity se pichhe na hatean.

eds ke bad jagarookata -- assi ke dashak ke bad raktadan karate samay kafi savadhani barati jane lagi hai. raktadata bhi khud yah janakari leta hai ki kya raktadan ke dauran sahi tarike ke chikitsakiy upakaran prayog kie ja rahe haian. vaise eds ke karan jahaan jagarookata badhi, vahian am raktadata ke man mean bhay bhi baitha hai. isase bhi raktadan ke prati utsah mean kami aee. isaka fayada kee aise logoan ne uthaya jinaka kam hi rakt bechana hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• raktadan ki mahatta samajhani hogi
• vishv raktadan divas
• vishv raktadan divas aj(14 joon)
• 14 joon : vishv raktadan divas ke avasar par, raktadan se ap bhi ghabarate haian kya ?