शंख लिपि

thumb|250px|shankh lipi shankh lipi prachin lipiyoan mean se ek hai, jo aj bhi ek anasulajhi paheli bani huee hai. inamean likhit abhilekh aj tak nahian padhe ja sake haian. bharat tatha java aur borniya mean prapt bahut se shilalekh shankh lipi mean haian. is lipi ke varn 'shankh' se milate-julate kalatmak hote haian. isilie ise shankh lipi kahate haian.

vistar

shankh lipi ko viratanagar se sanbandhit mana jata hai. udayagiri ki guphaoan ke shilalekhoan aur stanbhoan par yah lipi khudi huee hai. is lipi ke aksharoan ki akriti shankh ke akar ki hai. pratyek akshar is prakar likha gaya hai ki usase shankhakriti ubharakar samane dikhaee p dati hai. isalie ise shankh lipi kaha jane laga. rajasthan ke jayapur mean sthit bijar athava bijak ki paha diyoan mean b di sankhya mean aisi kandaraean haian, jinamean ek rahasyamay lipi utkirn hai. is lipi ko abhi tak padha nahian ja saka hai. shankh lipi ke nam se jani jane vali is lipi ke lekh b di sankhya mean bijak ki paha di, bhim ki dooangari tatha ganesh dooangari mean bani guphaoan mean aankit haian. in lekhoan ke akshar shankh ki akriti ke haian. vaijnanikoan ko is lipi ke abhilekh bharatiy upamahadvip ke bharat, indoneshiya, java tatha borniya adi deshoan se mile haian, jinase yah dharana banati hai ki jis tarah kisi kalakhand mean siandhu lipi janane vali sabhyata bharatiy upamahadvip mean vikasit huee thi, usi tarah shankh lipi janane vali koee sabhyata kisi kal khand mean bharatiy upamahadvip mean phali-phooli. ye log kaun the? inaka kalakhand kya tha? adi prashnoan ka uttar abhi tak nahian diya ja saka hai. bharat mean shankh lipi ke abhilekh uttar mean jammoo-kashmir ke akhanoor se lekar dakshin mean sudoor karnatak tatha pashchimi bangal ke susuniya se lekar pashchim mean gujarat ke joonagadh tak upalabdh haian. ye abhilekh is lipi ke ab tak jnat vishalatam bhandar haian.

rajagir ki prasiddh sonabhanda ki guphaoan mean lage daravajoan ki prastar chaukhatoan par evan bhittiyoan par shankh lipi mean kuchh sandesh likhe haian, jinhean padha nahian ja saka hai. bihar mean mundeshvari mandir tatha any kee sthanoan par yah lipi dekhane ko milati hai. madhy pradesh mean udayagiri ki guphaoan mean, maharashtr mean manasar se tatha bangal evan karnatak se bhi is lipi ke lekh mile haian. is lipi ke lekh mandiroan evan chaityoan ke bhitar, shail guphaoan mean tatha svatantr roop se bane stambhoan par utkirn milate haian.

kalakhand

utkirn abhilekhoan mean lipi ko atyant susajjit vidhi se likha gaya hai. kuchh vidvan is lipi ko brahmi lipi ke nikat manate haian. viratanagar se prapt abhilekhoan ki tithi tisari shatabdi eesvi mani gee hai. ek lekh mean ‘chail-chaitara’ padha gaya hai, jo sanskrit ka ‘shail-chaity’ mana gaya hai. isaka arth hota hai- ‘paha di par sthit chaity.’ isase anuman lagaya jata hai ki eesa ki tisari shatabdi mean yahaan koee paha di bauddh chaity tha. viratanagar tisari shatabdi ke asapas tak bauddh dharm ka b da kendr tha. maury samrat ashok ke bhabroo tatha viratanagar abhilekh isi sthan se mile haian. in paha diyoan mean anek chaity evan viharoan ke avashesh prapt hue haian.

prachin bauddh granth 'lalitavistar mean un 64 lipiyoan ke nam ginae ge haian, jo buddh ko sikhaee gee thian. unamean nagari lipi ka nam nahian hai, brahmi lipi ka nam hai. 'lalit vistar' ka chini bhasha mean anuvad eesvi 308 mean hua tha. jainoan ke pannavana sootr aur samavayaang sootr mean 18 lipiyoan ke nam die ge haian, jinamean pahala nam banbhi (brahmi) lipi ka hai. bhagavatisootr ka aranbh 'namo banbhi libie' (brahmi lipi ko namaskar) se hota hai. yadyapi in lipiyoan ka kal nirdharan nahian kiya ja saka hai, kiantu ye lipiyaan mahavir svami evan gautam buddh ke yug mean prachalan mean thian. shankh lipi bhi unamean se ek hai. is lipi ke lekh aj tak padhe nahian ja sake haian.

prachalan samay

brahmi lipi uttar bharat mean eesa se char sau sal pahale prachalan mean aee, kiantu dakshin bharat tatha shrilanka mean yah lipi eesa se 600 sal pahale prachalan mean thi. shankh lipi ka udbhav bhi usi kal mean mana jana chahie. bharahut stambhoan par mile is lipi ke abhilekh eesa se 300 varsh purane haian. udayagiri ki guphaoan mean shankh lipi ke lekh gupt kalin haian, jinake paanchavian shatabdi eesvi ka hona anumanit hai. devagadh ke stambhoan ki tithi paanchavian shatabdi eesvi ki hai. atah is par lekhoan ke utkirnan ki tithi paanchavian-chhathi shatabdi eesvi ki honi chahie. soloman ne gujarat ke pathari namak sthan se shankh lipi ka ek aisa shilalekh dhooandha tha, jise pratihar kalin mana jata hai. isase anuman kiya ja sakata hai ki shankh lipi pratihar kal mean bhi maujood thi.

ek akhyan ke anusar gautam buddh apane jivan kal ke prarambh mean jain dharm ke pravartak mahavir svami ke shishy the. jab ve mahavir svami se alag hokar udayagiri ae to mahavir ke lie shankh lipi mean sandesh chho dakar ae. yah ek akhyan hai, jisaki vishvasaniyata adhik nahian hai.

akshar

prapt shilalekhoan ke adhar par anuman lagaya gaya hai ki is lipi mean 12 akshar haian. is lipi ke lekhoan mean bahut chhote-chhote sandesh khude hue haian. arthath in lekhoan mean pavitr shabd, eeshvariy nam, ‘shubhaste panthanah santu’ evan ‘aaul di baist’ jaise mangal kamana karane vale shabd utkirn ho sakate haian. soloman namak ek vidvan ne siddh kiya hai ki is lipi mean utane akshar maujood haian, jinamean sanskrit bhasha ke samast shabdoan ko vyakt kiya ja sake. uttar pradesh ke devagadh mean is lipi ke aksharoan ka akar brahmi lipi ke aksharoan se kuchh hi b da hai, jabaki udayagiri ki guphaoan mean shankh lipi ke aksharoan ko kee mitar ki ooanchaee vala banaya gaya hai. kuchh vidvan is lipi ka kal chauthi se nauanvi shatabdi eesvi nirdharit karate haian; kiantu yah kal nirdharan sahi nahian lagata. is lipi ko brahmi lipi ki samakalin mana ja sakata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh