शास्त्रीय नृत्य

[[chitr:Birju-Maharaj-1.jpg|thumb|250px|birajoo maharaj
Birju Maharaj]] shastriy nrity prachin hindoo granthoan ke sianddhatoan evan takanikoan aur nrity ke takaniki granthoan tatha kala sanbadvata par poorn ya aanshik roop se adharit hai. praranbhik taur par yah mana jata hai ki bharat natyashastr ko dvitiy shatabdi eesa poorv ke as-pas likha gaya tha. shastriy nrity ki adhikatam prachalit pranaliyaan uchch star ki vistrit pranaliyoan se shasit hoti thian aur inaka uday am adami ke bich se hi hota tha. shastriy nrity aur lok nrity ke bich mukhy aantar yah hai ki yah poorv mean jan-boojhakar kalatmakata dvara kiya gaya prayas hai. nrity aur natak kala apane agrim siandvatoan aur shastroan ke niyamoan ka k daee se palan karate haian. bhavana mean chitrit avadharana, vyaktigat nrity ki mohakata aur prithakata ki kala pravinata tinoan hi shastriy nrity mean mahattvapoorn sthan rakhate haian.

nrity natika

bharat mean shastriy nrity-natika ek naty svaroop hai. isamean abhineta jatil bhangimapoorn bhasha ke zariye ek katha ko nrity ke madhyam se prastut karata hai aur yah svaroop apane sarvabhaumik prabhav mean upamahadvip ki bhashaee simaoan se oopar uth chuka hai. kuchh shastriy nrity-natikaoan, jaise-kathakali, kuchipu di aur bhagavat mela mean lokapriy hindoo pauranik kathaoan ka abhinay hota hai. 20vian shatabdi ke nartak udayashankar aur shaanti varddhan ne in paramparik nrity-natikaoan se prerit baile ka srijan kiya. samakalin bharatiy nirdeshak aur lekhak paramparik nrity shailiyoan ko phir se parakh rahe haian aur adhik manovaijnanik punaravedan tatha gahare kalatmak prabhav ke lie apani rachanaoan mean inaka upayog kar rahe haian. bharat ke gaanvoan mean rahane vale karo doan log ab bhi lok virasat ki gady natakoan ki lokapriyata ke bavajood gramin bharat mean nrity-natikaoan ke madhyam se apana manoranjan karate haian. shahari darshakoan mean sidhe gady natakoan ki lokapriyata ke bavajood gramin bharat mean nrity-natika nishchit roop se adhik gahara prabhav chho dati hai aur zyada santushti pradan karati hai, kyoanki graminoan ka sauandary bodh ab bhi paramparaoan se ju da hua hai.

shastriy nrity ki takanik aur prakar

natyashastr ke anusar, nartak abhineta natak ke arth ko char prakar ke abhinayoan ke zariye prastut karata haiah aangik ya sharir ke vibhinn aangoan ke shailipoorn sanchalan ke madhyam se bhavana ki prastuti; vachik ya boli, git, svar ki tarata aur svarashaili; ahary ya veshabhoosha aur shrriangar; aur satvik ki kisi any pustak mean sampoorn manovaijnanik sansadhanoan ki prastuti hai.

shailikrit bhangimaean

kalakar ke pas shailikrit bhangimaoan ka jatil bhandar hota hai. sharir ke pratyek aang, jinamean se aankhean v hath sarvadhik mahattvapoorn haian, ke lie paramparik taur par mudraean nirdharit haian. sir ke lie 13, bhauanhoan ke lie 7, nak ke lie 6, galoan ke lie 6, tho di ke lie 7, gardan ke lie 9, vaksh ke lie 5 v aankhoan ke lie 36, pairoan v nimn aangoan ke lie 32, jinamean se 16 bhoomi par v 16 hava ke lie nirdharit haian. paanv ki vibhinn gatiyaan, jaise-ithalana, thumakana, tirachhe chalana, tal savadhani se ki jati haian.

bhav evan mudraean

ek hath ki 24 mudraean (asanyukt hast) aur donoan hathoan ki 13 mudraean (sanyukt hast), ek hast mudra ke ek-doosare se bilkul bhinn 30 arth ho sakate haian. udaharanarth, ek hath ki pataka mudra, jisamean sabhi aanguliyoan ko age badhakar, mu de hue aangoothe ke sath milakar, garmi, varsha, bhi d, ratri, van, gho da ya pakshiyoan ki u dane ko dikhaya ja sakata hai. pataka mudra mean hi tisari aanguli mo dane ka (tripataka) arth mukut, vriksh vivah, agni dvar ya raja bhi ho sakata hai. karkat (keank da) mean donoan hathoan ka upayog kar, aanguliyoan ko jo dakar madhumakkhi ka chhatta, jamhaee ya shankh dikhaya ja sakata hai. in alag-alag arthoan ke lie hath ki sthiti ya kriya bhinn hogi.

kisi ekal nrity natika mean abhinay karate hue ek purush ya ek mahila chehare ke bhav, mudraean v mizaj badalate hue kramashah do ya tin pramukh charitroan ki abhinay karati hai. udaharan ke lie, bhagavan krishna, unaki eershyalu patni satyabhama v unaki saumy patni rukmini ko ek hi vyakti abhinit kar sakata hai. hindoo nrity v rangamanch ka sauandaryatmak anand is bat par nirbhar karata hai ki koee kalakar kisi vishisht bhav ko vyakt karane v ras jagane mean kitana saphal hai.

nrity ke ras

shabdik roop mean ras ka arth 'svad' ya 'mahak' hai aur yah anandatirek ya manodasha hai, jisaka anubhav darshak kisi nrity (abhinay) pradarshan ko dekhakar karata hai. hindoo natak ke alochak kathavastu ya kisi kavita v natak ki takaniki poornata ki or adhik dhyan dekar ras par adhik dhyan dete haian.[[chitr:Bharatanatyam-Dance.jpg|thumb|250px|bharatanatyam nrity
Bharatanatyam Dance]] nrity mean nau ras haian—

shrriangar ras
hasy ras
karun ras
krodh ras
bhay ras
vir ras
jugutsa ras
vismay ras
shant ras

in rasoan ke sangat bhav bhi haian - prem, hasy, dukh, krodh, oorja, bhay, nirasha, ashchary evan shanti.

inamean do prakar ke bhav haian. ek taandav, jo shiv ke raudr paurush, doosara lasy, jo shiv ki patni parvati ke layatmak lavany ka pratinidhitv karata hai, bharatamuni ke natyashastr se janme bharatanatyam mean lasy ki pradhanata hai aur isaka uday dakshini bharat ke tamilanadu rajy mean hua hai. kathakali keral mean janmi taandav bhav ki mookabhinay nrity-natika hai. jisamean uchch shirovastr v chehare ka vistrit shrriangar kiya jata hai. katthak lasy v taandav ka mishran hai. klisht padatal v layatmak rachanaoan ki ganitiy parishuddhata isaki visheshata hai aur yah nrity uttar mean phala-phoola, apani jhoomati v visarpit mudraoan se yukt manipuri mean lasy ki visheshataean haian aur yah manipur ka nrity hai. 1958 mean nee dilli sthit sangit natak akadami ne do nrity shailiyoan, aandhr pradesh ki kuchipu di v u disa ki odisi shaili ko shastriy nrity ka darja diya. svaroop aur prakriti mean, kuchipu di ki kuchh visheshataean bharatanatyam se milati-julati haian, odisi apane ap mean ek alag shaili hai. isaka nrity vyakaran moolatah tribhang se vikasit hua hai. yah u disa ki shaili hai.

shastriy nrity ki shailiyaan

bharat mean nrity ki j dean prachin paranparaoan mean hai. is vishal upamahadvip mean nrityoan ki vibhinhऩ vidhaoan ne janm liya hai. pratye‍k vidha ne vishisht samay v vatavaran ke prabhav se akar liya hai. pratyek vidha kisi vishisht kshetr athava vyaktiyoan ke samooh ke lokachar ka pratinidhitv karati hai. [[chitr:Dances.jpg|thumb|400px|nrity kala]]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah