शिक्षक दिवस

shikshak divas
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vivaran	bharat mean 'shikshak divas' pratyek varsh 5 sitambar ko manaya jata hai. vishv ke vibhinn desh alag-alag tarikhoan mean 'shikshak divas' ko manate haian.
tithi	5 sitambar
smriti divas	sarvapalli radhakrishnan
uddeshy	shikshak divas apane guruoan ke samman mean manaya jata hai. is din pratyek chhatr ko apane guru ko man-samman dene aur unaki ajna manane ka pran leanna chahie.
vishesh	bharat mean jahaan 'shikshak divas' 5 sitanbar ko manaya jata hai, vahian 'antararashtriy shikshak divas' ka ayojan 5 aktoobar ko hota hai.
sanbandhit lekh	sarvapalli radhakrishnan, rashtrapati
any janakari	shikshak divas duniya bhar mean manaya jata hai, lekin sabane isake lie ek alag din nirdharit kiya hai. kuchh deshoan mean is din avakash rahata hai to kahian-kahian yah kamakaji din hi rahata hai.

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shikshak divas (aangrezi: Teachers' Day) guru ki mahatta batane vala pramukh divas hai. bharat mean 'shikshak divas' pratyek varsh 5 sitambar ko manaya jata hai. shikshak ka samaj mean adaraniy v sammananiy sthan hota hai. bharat ke dvitiy rashtrapati d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ke janm divas aur unaki smriti ke upalakshy mean manaya jane vala 'shikshak divas' ek parv ki tarah hai, jo shikshak samuday ke man-samman ko badhata hai. hindoo panchaang ke anusar guru poornima ke din ko 'guru divas' ke roop mean svikar kiya gaya hai. vishv ke vibhinn desh alag-alag tarikhoan mean 'shikshak divas' ko manate haian. bahut sare kaviyoan, gadyakaroan ne kitane hi panne guru ki mahima mean rang dale haian.

mahattv

guru goviand dou kh de kake lagoo pay
balihari guru apane goviand diyo batay.

kabiradas dvara likhi gee ukt panktiyaan jivan mean guru ke mahattv ko varnit karane ke lie kafi haian. bharat mean prachin samay se hi guru v shikshak paranpara chali a rahi hai. guruoan ki mahima ka vrittaant granthoan mean bhi milata hai. jivan mean mata-pita ka sthan kabhi koee nahian le sakata, kyoanki ve hi hamean is rangin khoobasoorat duniya mean late haian. unaka rrin ham kisi bhi roop mean utar nahian sakate, lekin jis samaj mean rahana hai, usake yogy hamean keval shikshak hi banate haian. yadyapi parivar ko bachche ke praranbhik vidyalay ka darja diya jata hai, lekin jine ka asali salika use shikshak hi sikhata hai. samaj ke shilpakar kahe jane vale shikshakoan ka mahattv yahian samapt nahian hota, kyoanki vah na sirf vidyarthi ko sahi marg par chalane ke lie prerit karate haian, balki usake saphal jivan ki nianv bhi unhian ke hathoan dvara rakhi jati hai.

shikshak ka man-samman

guru, shikshak, achary, adhyapak ya tichar ye sabhi shabd ek aise vyakti ko vyakhyatit karate haian, jo sabhi ko jnan deta hai, sikhata hai. inhian shikshakoan ko man-samman,[[chitr:Sarvepalli-Radhakrishnan.jpg|thumb|180px|left|sarvapalli radhakrishnan]] adar tatha dhanyavad dene ke lie ek din nirdharit hai, jo ki 5 sitanbar ko 'shikshak divas' ke roop mean jana jata hai. sirf dhan ko dekar hi shiksha hasil nahian hoti, balki apane guru ke prati adar, samman aur vishvas, jnanarjan mean bahut sahayak hota hai. 'shikshak divas' kahane-sunane mean to bahut achchha pratit hota hai, lekin kya ham isake mahattv ko samajhate haian. shikshak divas ka matalab sal mean ek din apane shikshak ko bheant mean diya gaya ek gulab ka phool ya ‍koee bhi upahar nahian hai aur yah shikshak divas manane ka sahi tarika bhi nahian hai. yadi shikshak divas ka sahi mahattv samajhana hai to sarvapratham hamesha is bat ko dhyan mean rakhean ki ap ek chhatr haian aur ‍umr mean apane shikshak se kafi chhote hai. aur phir hamare sanskar bhi to yahi sikhate hai ki hamean apane se b doan ka adar karana chahie. apane guru ka adar-satkar karana chahie. hamean apane guru ki bat ko dhyan se sunana aur samajhana chahie. agar apane krodh, eershya ko tyag kar apane aandar sanyam ke bij boean to nishh‍chit hi hamara vyavahar hamean bahut ooanchaiyoan tak le jaega aur tabhi hamara 'shikshak divas' manane ka mahattv bhi sarthak hoga.

prerana srot

sant kabir ke shabdoan se bharatiy sanskriti mean guru ke uchch sthan ki jhalak milati hai. bharatiy bachche prachin kal se hi achary devo bhavah ka bodh-vaky sunakar hi b de hote haian. mata-pita ke nam ke kul ki vyavastha to sare vishv ke matri ya pitri sattatmak samajoan mean chalati hai, parantu gurukul ka vidhan bharatiy sanskriti ki anoothi visheshata hai. kachche gh de ki bhaanti skool mean padhane vale vidyarthiyoan ko jis roop mean dhalo, ve dhal jate haian. ve skool mean jo sikhate haian ya jaisa unhean sikhaya jata hai, ve vaisa hi vyavahar karate haian. unaki manasikata bhi kuchh vaisi hi ban jati hai, jaisa vah apane as-pas hota dekhate haian. saphal jivan ke lie shiksha bahut upayogi hai, jo guru dvara pradan ki jati hai. guru ka sanbandh keval shiksha se hi nahian hota, balki vah to har mo d par apane chhatr ka hath thamane ke lie taiyar rahata hai. use sahi sujhav deta hai aur jivan mean age badhane ke lie prerit karata hai.

mali roopi shikshak

shikshak us mali ke saman hai, jo ek bagiche ko bhinn-bhinn roop-rang ke phooloan se sajata hai. jo chhatroan ko kaantoan par bhi muskurakar chalane ko protsahit karata hai. unhean jine ki vajah samajhata hai. shikshak ke lie sabhi chhatr saman hote haian aur vah sabhi ka kalyan chahata hai. shikshak hi vah dhuri hota hai, jo vidyarthi ko sahi-galat v achchhe-bure ki pahachan karavate hue bachchoan ki aantarnihit shaktiyoan ko vikasit karane ki prishthabhoomi taiyar karata hai. vah prerana ki phuharoan se balak roopi man ko sianchakar unaki nianv ko majaboot karata hai tatha usake sarvaangin vikas ke lie unaka marg prashast karata hai. kitabi jnan ke sath naitik moolyoan v sanskar roopi shiksha ke madhyam se ek guru hi shishy mean achchhe charitr ka nirman karata hai. ek aisi paranpara hamari sanskriti mean thi, isalie kaha gaya hai ki-

"guru brahma, gururvishnu gururdevo maheshvarah.
guruah sakshat parabrahm tasmaiah shri guruveah namah."

kee rrishi-muniyoan ne apane guruoan se tapasya ki shiksha ko pakar jivan ko sarthak banaya. ekalavy ne dronachary ko apana manas guru manakar unaki pratima ko apane saksham rakh dhanurvidya sikhi. yah udaharan pratyek shishy ke lie preranadayak hai.

guru-shishy paranpara

guru-shishy paranpara bharat ki sanskriti ka ek aham aur pavitr hissa hai, jisake kee svarnim udaharan itihas mean darj haian. lekin vartaman samay mean kee aise log bhi haian, jo apane anaitik karanamoan aur lalachi svabhav ke karan is paranpara par gahara aghat kar rahe haian. 'shiksha' jise ab ek vyapar samajhakar becha jane laga hai, kisi bhi bachche ka ek maulik adhikar hai, lekin apane lalach ko shaant karane ke lie aj tamam shikshak apane jnan ki boli lagane lage haian. itana hi nahian vartaman halat to isase bhi badatar ho ge haian, kyoanki shiksha ki a d mean kee shikshak apane chhatroan ka sharirik aur manasik shoshan karane ko apana adhikar hi man baithe haian. kiantu kuchh aise guru bhi haian, jinhoanne hamesha samaj ke samane ek anukaraniy udaharan pesh kiya hai. pray: sakht aur akkh d svabhav vale yah shikshak aandar se behad komal aur udar hote haian. ho sakata hai ki kisi chhatr ke jivan mean kabhi na kabhi ek aise guru ya shikshak ka agaman hua ho, jisane usake jivan ki disha badal di ya phir jivan jine ka sahi dhang sikhaya ho.

rochak janakari

• bharat mean jahaan 'shikshak divas' 5 sitanbar ko manaya jata hai, vahian 'antararashtriy shikshak divas' ka ayojan 5 aktoobar ko hota hai.
• rochak tathy yah bhi hai ki shikshak divas duniya bhar mean manaya jata hai, lekin sabane isake lie ek alag din nirdharit kiya hai. kuchh deshoan mean is din avakash rahata hai to kahian-kahian yah kamakaji din hi rahata hai.
• yoonesko ne 5 aktoobar ko 'antararashtriy shikshak divas' ghoshit kiya tha. sal 1994 se hi ise manaya ja raha hai. shikshakoan ke prati sahayog ko badhava dene aur bhavishy ki pidhiyoan ki avashyakataoan ko poora karane ke lie shikshakoan ke mahatv ke prati jagarookata lane ke makasad se isaki shuruat ki gee thi.
• chin mean 1931 mean 'neshanal seantral yoonivarsiti' mean shikshak divas ki shurooat ki gee thi. chin sarakar ne 1932 mean ise svikriti di. bad mean 1939 mean kanfyooshiyas ke janmadivas, 27 agast ko shikshak divas ghoshit kiya gaya, lekin 1951 mean is ghoshana ko vapas le liya gaya.
• sal 1985 mean 10 sitambar ko shikshak divas ghoshit kiya gaya. ab chin ke jyadatar log phir se chahate haian ki kanphyooshiyas ka janm divas hi shikshak divas ho.
• roos mean 1965 se 1994 tak aktoobar mahine ke pahale ravivar ke din shikshak divas manaya jata raha. sal 1994 se vishv shikshak divas 5 aktoobar ko hi manaya jane laga.
• amerika mean mee ke pahale poorn saptah ke mangalavar ko shikshak divas ghoshit kiya gaya hai aur vahaan saptah bhar isake ayojan hote haian.
• thailaiand mean har sal 16 janavari ko 'rashtriy shikshak divas' manaya jata hai. yahaan 21 navanbar, 1956 ko ek prastav lakar shikshak divas ko svikriti di gee thi. pahala shikshak divas 1957 mean manaya gaya tha. is din yahaan skooloan mean avakash rahata hai.
• eeran mean vahaan ke prophesar ayatullah morteja motehari ki hatya ke bad unaki yad mean 2 mee ko shikshak divas manaya jata hai. motehari ki 2 mee, 1980 ko hatya kar di gee thi.
• turki mean 24 navanbar ko shikshak divas manaya jata hai. vahaan ke pahale rashtrapati kamal ataturk ne yah ghoshana ki thi.
• maleshiya mean shikshak divas 16 mee ko manaya jata hai, vahaan is khas din ko 'hari guru' kahate haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

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