शुल्व सूत्र
shulv sootr (aangrezi: Shulba Sutras) hiandoo dharmik dastavezoan ka ek sangrah hai, jise 800 ee.poo. se 200 ee.poo. ke bich likha gaya. yah pustakean ganitiy roop se bahut mahatvapoorn haian. kee vidvanoan ka vishvas hai ki ye ganit ki sabase purani pustake haian. in pustakoan me bahut se ganitiy siddhaant haian jo ki batate haian ki prachin bharat mean ganit any prachin sanskriti se bhi zyada agrim tha. yahaan tak ki shulv sootr mean likhe kuchh prameyoan ka yooropiyoan dvara kee shatabdiyoan ke bad avishkar kiya ja saka.
avashyakata
prachin sanskritiyoan mean ganit ka praranbhik vikas dharmik prathaoan aur tyoharoan ke karan avashyak ho gaya tha. logoan ko bali ya pooja ke krityoan ke lie aur kuchh tyoharoan ke shubh samay ke satik ganana ki avashyakata thi. unhean soory aur chandrama ki uday aur ast hone aur saur aur chandr grahan ki ghatanaoan ke sahi samay ke jnan ki bhi avashyakata thi. in sabhi ke liye khagol vijnan ka achchha jnan avashyak hai, arthat ganit, tal aur goliy jyamiti aur trikonamiti ka sahi jnan aur sanbhavatah saral khagoliy upakaranoan ke nirman ka bhi jnan avashyak tha. praranbhik charan mean ganit mukhy roop se do vyapak paranparaoan mean vikasit hua- jyamitiy aur aankaganit, bijaganit ke moolabhoot vikas sahit. pura-yoonani prachin sabhyataoan mean, yah bharat hi hai ki jahaan ham ganit ki in donoan mahan dharaoan par majaboot jor dekhate haian. any prachin sabhyataoan, jaise bebilon aur misr ne mukhy roop se aankiy gananaoan mean pragati ki thi.
sat shulv sootr
bharatiy ganitajnoan ne is kshetr mean bahut kam kiya hai, jo shulv sootr ke roop mean jana jata hai. keval sat shulv sootr ko vartaman mean jana jata hai. inhean bodhayan, apastamb, katyayan, manav, maitriyan, varah aur vadhula ke nam se jana jata hai. un rrishiyoan ya sadhuoan ke bad jinhoanne unhean likha tha. katyayan sootr vedoan ke us bhag se haian, jise shukl tajurved kahate haian. jabaki any sabhi krishna yajurved se liye gaye haian. bodhayan, apastamb aur katyayan sootr ganitiy biandu se mahatvapoorn haian. maitriyan manav sootroan ke saman hai. ek any shulv sootr hiranyakashin bhi paya gaya hai, jo apastamb sootr ke saman hai.
jatil jyamitiy nirman
shulv sootroan se kuchh jatil jyamitiy nirman niche soochibaddh haian-
- kisi die ge varg ke apavarty ke barabar varg ki rachana karana.
- kisi varg ke apavartak ke barabar varg ki rachana karana.
- do vibhinn vargoan ke yog ke barabar varg ki rachana karana.
- do vibhinn vargoan ke aantar ke barabar varg ki rachana karana.
- ayat ke barabar varg ki rachana karana.
- varg ke barabar ayat ki rachana karana.
- varg ke barabar tribhuj ki rachana karana.
- vritt ke barabar varg ki rachana karana tatha isaka viparit.
- bhujayean jnat hone par ayat ki rachana karana.
- kisi di huee rekha par varg ki rachana karana.
- do bhujaoan aur unake jhukav die rahane par samaantar chaturbhuj ki rachana karana aur isi prakar ki any rachanayean evan rupantaran.
ooparokt keval kuchh udaharan haian. asal mean shulv sootr bahut se jatil ganitiy nirmanoan se bhare p de haian.
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