शैव दर्शन

shaiv darshan bharatiy darshanashastr mean atiprachin mana jata hai. is darshan ke anusar 36 tattv mane ge haian.

aandhr ke kalamukh shaiv

varangal, 12vian sadi mean utkarsh par rahe andhr pradesh ke kakatiyoan ki prachin rajadhani tha. vartaman shahar ke dakshin–poorv mean sthit varangal durg kabhi do divaroan se ghira hua tha, jinamean bhitari divar ke patthar ke dvar (sanchar) aur bahari divar ke avashesh maujood haian. 1162 ee. mean nirmit 1000 stambhoan vala shiv mandir shahar ke bhitar hi sthit hai. kalamukh y aradhy shaiv ke kaviyoan ne telugu bhashaoan ki abhootapoorv unnati kiyi. shaiv mat ke aantargat kalamukh sampraday ka yah utkarsh kal tha. varangal ke sanskrit kaviyoan mean sarvashastr visharad ke lekhak virabhallatadeshik aur nalakirtikamudi ke rachayita agasty ke nam ullekhaniy haian. kaha jata hai ki alankarashastr ke prasiddh granth prataparudrabhooshan ka lekhak vidyanath yahi agasty tha. ganapati ka hastisenapati jayap, nrityaratnavali ka rachayita tha. sanskrit kavi shakalyamall bhi isi ka samakalin tha. telagu ke kaviyoan mean ranganath ramayanum ka lekhak palakuriki somanath mukhy hai. isi samay bhaskar ramayanum bhi likhi gee. varangal naresh prataparudr svayan bhi telagu ka achchha kavi tha. aj ke prasiddh tirupati mandir mean jo moorti hai, vah moorti virabhadr svami ki hai. kaha jata hai ki krishna devaray ke kal mean ramanuj achary ne is mandir ko vaishnavikaran kiya aur virabhadr ki moorti ko balaji ka nam diya gaya.

kashmiri shaiv sampraday

vasugupt ko kashmir shaiv darshan ki parampara ka praneta mana jata hai. unhoanne 9vian shatabdi ke utararddh mean kashmiri shaiv sampraday ka gathan kiya. inake kallat aur somanand do prasiddh shishy the. inaka darshanik mat 'eeshvaradvayavad' tha. somanand ne "pratyabhijna mat" ka pratipadan kiya. pratibhijna shabd ka tatpary hai ki sadhak apani poorvajnat vastu ko pun: jan le. is avastha mean sadhak ko anivarchaniy anandanubhooti hoti hai. ve advaitabhav mean dvaitabhav aur nirgun mean bhi sagun ki kalpana kar lete the. unhoanne moksh prapti ke lie kore jnan aur niribhakti ko asamarth batalaya. donoan ka samanvay hi moksh prapti kara sakata hai. yadyapi shuddh bhakti bina dvaitabhav ke sanbhav nahian hai aur dvaitabhav ajnan moolak hai; kintu jnan prapt kar lene par jab dvait moolak bhav ki kalpana kar li jati hai, tab usase kisi prakar ki hani ki sanbhavana nahian rahati. is prakar is sampraday mean katipay aise bhi sadhak the, jo yog-kriya dvara rahasy ka vastavik pata pana chahate the, kyoanki unaki dharana thi ki yog-kriya se ham maya ke avaran ko samapt kar sakate haian aur is dasha mean hi moksh ki siddh sambhav hai.

virashaiv

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

virashaiv vah parampara hai, jisamean bhakt shiv parampara se bandha ho. yah dakshin bharat mean bahut lokapriy huee. ye vedoan par adharit dharm hai aur bharat ka tisara sabase b da shaiv mat hai. isake adhikaansh upasak karnatak mean haian aur bharat ka dakshin rajyoan maharashtr, andhr pradesh, keral aur tamilanadu me virashaiv upasak adhikatam haian. yah ekeshvaravadi dharm hai. tamil mean is dharm ko shivadvait dharm athava liangayat dharm bhi kahate haian. uttar bharat mean is dharm ka aupacharik nam shaivagam hai. virashaiv ki sabhyata ko dravid sabhyata kahate haian. itihasakaroan ke anusar lagabhag 1700 eesapoorv mean virashaiv afaganistan, kashmir, panjab aur hariyana mean bas gaye. tabhi se ve log apane bhagavan shiv ko prasann karane ke liye vaidik sanskrit mean mantr rachane lage.

tamil shaiv

chhathi se navian shatabdi ke madhy tamil desh mean ullekhaniy shaiv bhaktoan ka janm hua, jo kavi bhi the. sant tirumoolar shivabhakt tatha prasiddh tamil granth tirumantramh ke rachayita the. tamil shaiv siddhant yah ek mahatvapoorn dakshin bharatiy anekant yatharthavadi samooh tha. isake anusar vishv vastavik tatha atmaean anek haian. yah aandolan aanshat: adi shaiv santoan ki kavitaoan tatha aanshatah nayanaroan (7vian se 10vi sadi ke bich) ki uttam bhakti poorn kavitaoan se vikasit hua. is panth ke many granthoan ke char vargoan mean 2 ved, 28 agam, 12 timuree tatha 14 shaiv siddhant shastr shamil haian, yadyapi vedoan ka uchch sthan hai. par ekyan shiv dvara apane bhaktoan ke lie varnit gopaniy agamoan ko adhik mahattv diya gaya hai. 13vian tatha 14vian sadi ke arambh mean chh: achary dvara siddhant shastr rache ge the.

kapalik shaiv

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

kapalik sampraday mahavrat sampraday ka hi namantar pratit hota hai. yamun muni ke agam pramany, shivapuran tatha agamapuran mean vibhinn tantrik sampradayoan ke bhed dikhay gaye haian. vachaspati mishr ne char maheshvar sampradayoan ke nam liye haian. yah pratit hota hai ki shriharsh ne naishadh mean samasiddhant nam se jisaka ullekh kiya hai, vah kapalik sampraday hi hai. kapalik nam ke uday ka karan nar kapal dharan karana bataya jata hai. vastutah yah bhi bahirang mat hi hai. isaka antarang rahasy prabodh-chandroday ki prakash nam ki tika mean prakat kiya gaya hai. tadanusar is sampraday ke sadhak kapalasth arthath ‍ brahmarandhr upalakshit narakapalasth amrit ya chandripan karate the. is prakar ke namakaran ka yahi rahasy hai. in logoan ki dharana ke anusar yah amritapan hai, isi se log mahavrat ki samapti karate the, yahi vrataparana thi. bauddh achary harivarma aur asang ke samay mean bhi kapalikoan ke sampraday vidyaman the. sarabaratantr mean 12 kapalik guruoan aur unake 12 shishyoan ke nam sahit varnan milate haian. guruoan ke nam haian- adinath, anadi, kal, amitabh, karal, vikaral adi. shishyoan ke nam haian- nagarjun, jadabharat, harishchandr, charpat adi. ye sab shishy tantr ke pravartak rahe haian. puranadi mean kapalik mat ke pravartak dhanad ya kuber ka ullekh hai.

lakulish sampraday

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

vaidik lakulish liang, rudraksh aur bhasm dharan karate the, taantrik pashupat liangatapt chihn aur shool dharan karate the tatha mishr pashupat saman bhavoan se panchadevoan ki upasana karate the. madhy kal ke poorvarddh mean ( 6-10 shati) lakulish ke pashupat mat aur kapalik sanpradayoan ka pata chalata hai. gujarat mean lakulish mat ka bahut pahale hi pradurbhav ho chuka tha. par panditoan ka mat hai ki usake tatvajnan ka vikas vikram ki satavian-athavian shatabdi mean hua hoga. kalaantar mean yah mat dakshin bharat aur madhy bharat mean phaila. lakulish sampraday ya nakulish sampraday ke pravartak ‘lakulish’ mane jate haian. lakulish ko svayan bhagavan shiv ka avatar mana gaya hai. lakulish siddhaant pashupatoan ka hi ek vishisht mat hai. isaka uday gujarat mean hua tha. vahaan isake darshanik sahity ka satavian shatabdi ke prarambh ke pahale hi vikas ho chuka tha. isalie un logoan ne shaiv agamoan ki nayi shikshaoan ko nahian mana. yah sampraday chhathi se navian shatabdi ke bich maisoor aur rajasthan mean bhi phail chuka tha.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

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