संविधान संशोधन- 91वाँ

sanvidhan sanshodhan- 91vaan
bharat ka sanvidhan|200px|center
vivaran	'bharatiy sanvidhan' ka nirman 'sanvidhan sabha' dvara kiya gaya tha. sanvidhan mean samay-samay par avashyakata hone par sanshodhan bhi hote rahe haian. vidhayini sabha mean kisi vidheyak mean parivartan, sudhar athava use nirdosh banane ki prakriya ko hi 'sanshodhan' kaha jata hai.
sanvidhan lagoo hone ki tithi	26 janavari, 1950
91vaan sanshodhan	2003
sanbandhit lekh	sanvidhan sabha
any janakari	'bharat ka sanvidhan' briten ki sansadiy pranali ke namoone par adharit hai, kintu ek vishay mean yah usase bhinn hai. briten mean sansad sarvochch hai, jabaki bharat mean sansad nahian; balki 'sanvidhan' sarvochch hai.

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bharat ka sanvidhan (91vaan sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 2003

• bharat ke sanvidhan mean ek aur sanshodhan kiya gaya.
• sanvidhan ke anuchchhed 75 mean dhara (1) ke bad nimnalikhit dharaean jo di jae, jo ki is prakar hai:

"(1e) mantriparishad mean pradhanamantri sahit mantriyoan ki kul sankhya sadan ke sadasyoan ki kul sankhya ke 15 pratishat se adhik nahian honi chahie.

(1bi) sansad ke kisi bhi sadan ka sadasy jo ki kisi bhi rajanitik dal se sanbaddh ho tatha use dasavian anusoochi ke paira 2 ke aantargat us sadan ka sadasy banane ke ayogy ghoshit kar diya ho, vah dhara (1) ke tahat mantri ke pad par niyukti ke lie bhi ayogy mana jaega aur yah avadhi use ayogy ghoshit kie jane ki tarikh se shuroo hogi aur us tarikh tak lagoo rahegi jis avadhi tak usaka sadasy ke roop mean karyakal samapt nahian hota ya us avadhi ke samapt hone se pahale us tarikh tak, jab vah kahian se sansad ke kisi bhi sadan ke lie hue chunav mean kh da hua ho, aur use nirvachit ghoshit kiya gaya ho, jo bhi pahale ho".

• sanvidhan ke anuchchhed 164 mean dhara (1) ke bad nimnalikhit dharaean jo di jaean:

"(1e) rajy mean mantriparishad mean mukhyamantri sahit mantriyoan ki kul sankhya rajy ki vidhanasabha ke sadasyoan ki kul sankhya ke 15 pratishat se adhik nahian honi chahie:

• basharte rajy mean mantriyoan ki kul sankhya mukhyamantri sahit 12 se kam nahian ho:

basharte jahaan kisi rajy mean mantriparishad mean mantriyoan ki kul sankhya mukhyamantri sahit sanvidhan (91vaan sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 2003 lagoo hone ki tarikh ko uparokt 15 pratishat ya pahale upakhand mean nirdisht sankhya se zyada ho, jaisa bhi mamala ho, tab us rajy mean mantriyoan ki kul sankhya ko is dhara ke pravadhanoan ke mutabiq nirdharit karane ke lie rashtrapati dvara is bare mean sarvajanik adhisoochana jari karane ki tarikh ke chhah mahine ke bhitar is dhara ke pravadhanoan ka palan kiya jae.

(1bi) rajy vidhanasabha ya rajy vidhanamandal ke kisi bhi sadan, jahaan vidhanaparishad ho, ka sadasy jo kisi bhi rajanitik dal se sanbaddh ho tatha jise dasavian anusoochi ke paira 2 ke tahat us sadan ka sadasy banane ke ayogy ghoshit kar diya gaya ho, dhara (1) ke tahat use mantri pad par niyukti ke lie bhi ayogy mana jaega tatha vah avadhi use ayogy ghoshit kie jane ki tarikh se us tarikh tak jari rahegi jab tak usaki us sadasy ke roop mean niyukti ki avadhi samapt nahian ho jati ya us avadhi ke samapt hone se pahale, us tarikh se, jab vah rajy vidhanasabha ya vidhanamandal ke kisi bhi sadan ke lie chunav l de, jahaan vidhanaparishad ho, jaisa bhi mamala ho, use nirvachit ghoshit kiya jae, jo bhi pahale ho."

• sanvidhan ke anuchchhed 361e ke bad nimnalikhit anuchchhed jo da jae, jo is prakar hai:

'261bi- kisi bhi rajanitik dal se sanbaddh sadan ka sadasy jise dasavian anusoochi ke paira 2 ke aantargat sadan ki sadasyata ke ayogy ghoshit kiya gaya ho, vah us avadhi mean kisi labhakari rajanitik pad ke lie bhi ayogy mana jaega. use ayogy ghoshit kie jane ki tarikh se tab tak ke lie, jab tak usaki sadasy ke roop mean niyukti ki avadhi samapt nahian ho jati ya us tarikh tak, jab vah sadan ke lie koee chunav l de aur nirvachit ghoshit kiya jae, jo bhi pahale ho.'

• vyakhya is anuchchhed ke uddeshy se-

(e) 'sadan' ka arth vahi samajha jaega jo dasavian anusoochi ke paira 1 ki dhara (e) mean diya gaya haian. (bi) shabd 'labhakari rajanitik pad' se tatpary kisi karyalay mean (I) bharat sarakar ya rajy sarakar ke tahat, jahaan aise karyalay mean vetan ya parishramik bharat sarakar ya rajy sarakar ke sarvajanik rajasv se diya jata ho, jaisa bhi mamala ho, ya (II) aisa sankay, jo nigamit ho ya nahian, poori tarah ya aanshik roop se bharat sarakar ya rajy sarakar ke adhin ho tatha aise karyalay ka vetan ya parishramik aise sankay dvara diya jata hai, aise mamaloan ko chho dakar jahaan aisa vetan ya parishramik pratipoorak ke roop mean diya jata ho.

• sanvidhan ki dasavian anusoochi mean (e) paira 1 mean dhara bi mean shabdoan tatha sankhya ko "paira 3 ya, jaisa bhi mamala ho, hata diya jae;" (bi) paira 2 ke up-paira (1) mean shabdoan tatha sankhya "paira 3, 4 tatha 5", ke sthan par "paira 4 tatha 5" likha jae; (si) paira 3 ko hata diya jae.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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