संस्कृति

sanskriti kisi samaj mean gaharaee tak vyapt gunoan ke samagr roop ka nam hai, jo us samaj ke sochane, vicharane, kary karane, khane-pine, bolane, nrity, gayan, sahity, kala, vastu adi mean parilakshit hoti hai. sanskriti shabd sabhh upasarg ke sath sanskrit ki (du) kri (chan) dhatu se banata hai, jisaka mool arth saf ya parishkrit karana hai. aj ki hindi mean yah aangrezi shabd 'kalchar' ka paryay mana jata hai. sanskriti shabd ka prayog kam-se-kam do arthoan mean hota hai, ek vyapak aur ek sankirn arth mean. vyapak arth mean ukt shabd ka prayog nar-vijnan mean kiya jata hai. ukt vijnan ke anusar sanskriti samast sikhe hue vyavahar athava us vyavahar ka nam hai, jo samajik parampara se prapt hota hai. is arth mean sanskriti ko 'samajik pratha' (kastam) ka paryay bhi kaha jata hai. sankirn arth mean sanskriti ek vaanchhaniy vastu mani jati hai aur sanskrit vyakti ek shladhy vyakti samajha jata hai. is arth mean sanskriti pray: un gunoan ka samuday samajhi jati hai, jo vyaktitv ko parishkrit evan samriddh banate haian. nar-vaijnaniyoan ke anusar 'sanskriti' aur 'sabhyata' shabd paryayavachi haian.

1. REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean

samany parichay

sanskriti samajik aant:kriyaoan evan samajik vyavaharoan ke utprerak pratimanoan ka samuchchay hai. is samuchchay mean jnan, vijnan, kala, astha, naitik mooly evan prathaean samavisht hoti haian. sanskriti bhautik, arthik, samajik evan rajanitik tatha adhyatmik abhyuday ke upayukt manushy ki shreshth sadhanaoan aur samyakh‌ cheshtaoan ki samashtigat abhivyakti hai. yah manushy ke vaiyaktik evan samajik jivan ke svaroop ka nirman, nirdeshan, niyaman aur niyantran karati hai. at: sanskriti manushy ki jivanapaddhati, vaicharik darshan evan samajik kriyakalap mean use samashtivadi drishtikon ki abhivyanjana hai. isamean pratikoan dvara arjit tatha sapreshit manav vyavaharoan ke sunishchit pratiman sannihit hote haian. sanskriti ka aparihary abhyantar kalakram mean pradurbhoot evan sanchit paranparagat vicharoan aur tatsanbaddh moolyoan dvara nirmit hota hai. isaka ek paksh manav vyavahar ke nirdharan aur doosara paksh katipay vidhivihit vyavaharoan ki pramanikata tatha auchityapratipadan se sanbaddh hota hai. pratyek sanskriti mean chayanakshamata evan varanatmakata ke samany siddhaantean ka sannivesh hota hai, jinake madhyam se saanskriti adhey ke nana roop kshetroan mean manavavyavahar ke pratiman samanyikaran dvara avakaraniy hote haian. sanskriti man prathaoan ke samanyikrit evan susangathit samavay ke roop mean sthirata ki or unmukh hote haian, yadyapi sanskriti ke vibhinn tatvoan mean parivartan ki prakriya shashvat chalati rahati hai. kisi avayavavishesh mean parirvan saanskritik pratimanoan ke anuroop svikaran evan asvikaran ka parinam hota hai. saanskritik pratiman svayan bhi parivartanashil hote haian. samaj ki paristhiti mean parivartan ki shashvat prakriya pratimanoan ko prabhavit karati hai. samajik vikas ki prakriya saanskritik pratimanoan ke parivartan ki prakriya hai.
sanskriti manushy evan usake paryavaran ke madhy ek aantarvarti char hai. ye manav samoohoan ke vachan aur karm mean samaroopata sthapan ki pravritti ka prakashan hai. sanskriti aur manav soomahoan ki aant:kriyaoan ka nairantary saanskritik pragati evan samajik sanbandh ka prerak hota hai. samajik sanrachana aur saanskritik pratiman aantassanbaddh hote haian. manav samaj mean inaka prithakh‌ astitv asanbhav hai. yadi samajik sanrachana saman jivanapaddhati hai. yadi samajik sanrachana samajik sanbandhoan ka samuchchay hai to sanskriti in sanbandhoan ka adhar hai. samajik sanrachana arjit, prayukt, roopaantarit evan sancharit bhautik aur abhautik sadhanoan par adharit hot hai aur sanskriti in sadhanoan ke upadanoan par bal deti hai. sanskriti prakriti pradatt nahian hoti. yah samajikaran ki prakriya dvara arjit hoti hai. at: sanskriti un sanskaroan se sanbaddh hoti hai, jo hamari vansh paranpara tatha samajik virast ke sanrakshan ke sadhan hai. inake madhyam se samajik vyavahar ki vishishtataoan ka ek pidhi se doosari pidhi mean nigaman hota hai. nigaman ke is nairantary mean hi sanskriti ka astitv nihit hota hai aur isaki sanchayi pravritti isake vikas ko gati pradan karati hai, jisase navin adarsh janm lete haian. in adarshoan dvara bahy kriyaoan aur manovaijnanik drishtikonoan ka samanayan hota hai tatha samajik sanrachana aur vaiyaktik jivanapaddhati ka vyavasthapan hota rahata hai.

sanskriti ke paksh

sanskriti ke do paksh hote haian-(1) adhibhautik sanskriti, (2) bhautik sanskriti. samany arth mean adhibhautik sanskriti ko sanskriti aur bhautik sanskriti ko sabhyata ke nam se abhihit kiya jata hai. sanskriti ke ye donoan paksh ek doosare se bhinn hote hai. sanskriti abhyantar hai, isamean paranparagat chiantan, kalatmak anubhooti, vistrit jnan evan dharmik astha ka samavesh hota hai. sabhyata bahy vastu hai, jisamean manushy ki bhautik pragati mean sahayak samajik, arthik, rajanitik aur vaijnanik upalabdhiyaan sammilit hoti haian. sanskriti hamare samajik jivanapravah ki udgamasthali hai aur sabhyata is pravah mean sahayak upakaran. sanskriti sadhy hai aur sabhyata sadhan. sanskriti sabhyata ki upayogita ke moolyaankan ke lie pratiman upasthit karati hai.

sanskriti aur sabhyata

in bhinnataoan ke hote hue bhi sanskriti aur sabhyata ek doosare se aant:sanbaddh haian aur ek doosare ko prabhavit karati haian. saanskritik moolyoan ka spasht prabhav sabhyata ki pragati ki disha aur svaroop par p data hai. in moolyoan ke anuroop jo sabhyata nirmit hoti hai, vahi samaj dvara grihit hoti hai. sabhyata ki navin upalabdhiyaan bhi vyavaharoan, hamari manyataoan ya doosare shabdoan mean hamari sanskriti ko prabhavit karati rahati hai. samanvayan ki prakriya anavarat chalati rahati hai. sanpark mean ane vali bhinn sanskritiyaan bhi ek doosare ko prabhavit karati haian. bhinn sanskritiyoan ka sanpark unamean sahayog athava asahayog ki prakriya ki udbhavana karata hai. par donoan prakriyaoan ka lakshy vishamata ko samapt kar samata sthapan hi hota hai. sahayog ki sthiti mean vyavasthapan tatha atmasatkaran samata sthapan ke sadhan hote haian aur asahayog ki sthiti mean pratispardha, virodh evan sangharsh ki shaktiyaan kriyashil hoti haian aur aantat: sabal sanskriti nirbal sanskriti ko samapt kar samata sthapit karati hai. sanskriti ke bhautik tatha adhibhautik pakshoan ka vikas samanaantar nahian hota. sabhyat ke vikas ki gati sanskriti ke vikas ki gati se tivr hoti hai. phalasvaroop sabhyata vikasakram mean sanskriti se age nikal jati hai. sabhyata aur sanskriti ke vikas ka yah asantulan samajik vighatan ko janm deta hai. at: is prakar pradurbhoot sanskriti vilabanna dvara samaj mean utpann asantulan aur avyavastha ke nirakaran hetu adhibhautik sanskriti mean prayatnapoorvak sudhar avashyak ho jata hai. vishleshan, parikshan evan moolyaankan dvara sabhyata aur sanskriti ka niyaman manav ke bhautik aur adhyatmik abhyutthan ke anupam sahayog pradan karata hai. sanskriti yadyapi kisi desh ya kalavishesh ki upaj nahian hoti, yah ek shashvat prakriya hai, tathapi kisi kshetravishesh mean kisi kal mean isaka jo svaroop prakat hota hai use ek vishisht nam se abhihit kiya jata hai. yah abhidha kal, darshan, kshetr, samuday athava satta se sanbaddh hoti hai. madhyayugin sanskriti, bhautik sanskriti, pashchaty sanskriti, hiandoo sanskriti tatha mugal sanskriti adi ki sanjnaean isi adhar par pradan ki gee haian. vishisht abhidhan sanskriti ke vishisht svaroopabodh ke sath is tathy ko udbhasit karata hai ki sanskriti ko visheshan pradan karanevale karak dvara sanskriti ka sahaj svaroop anivaryat: prabhavit hua hai.

sanskriti aur sabhyata mean antar

• sabhyata se tatpary un avishkaroan, utpadan ke sadhanoan ev samajik-rajanitik sansthaoan se samajhana chahiye, jinakean dvara manushy ki jivan-yatra saral evan svatantrata ka marg prashast hota hai.
• isake viparit sanskriti ka arth chintan tatha kalatmak sarjan ki ve kriyaean samajhani chahiye, jo manav vyaktitv aur jivan ke lie sakshat upayogi n hote hue use samriddh banane vali hai.
• is drishti se ham vibhinn shastroan, darshan adi mean hone vale chintan, sahity, chitraankan adi kalaoan evan parahit sadhan adi naitik adarshoan tatha vyaparoan ko sanskriti ka aang mana jayagi.
• tho de shabdoan mean aur vyapak arth mean kisi desh ki sanskriti se ham manav-jivan tatha vyaktitv ke un roopoan ko samajh sakate haian, jinhean desh-videsh mean mahattvapoorn, arthat moolyoan ka adhishthan samajha jata hai.
• udaharan ke lie, bharatiy sanskriti mean 'matritv' aur 'sthitaprashata' ki sthitiyoan ko mahattvapoorn samajha jata hai; ye sthitiyaan jivan athava vyaktitv ki sthitiyaan hai aur is prakar bharatiy sanskriti ka aang hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

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poornata

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