सूरदास

sooradas |200px|center poora nam mahakavi sooradas janm sanvath 1540 vikrami (sanh 1483 ee.) athava sanvat 1535 vi. (sanh 1478 ee.) janm bhoomi runakata, agara mrityu sanvath 1620 vikrami (sanh 1563 ee.) mrityu sthan parasauli karm bhoomi braj (mathura-agara) karm-kshetr sagun bhakti kavy mukhy rachanaean soorasagar, soorasaravali, sahity-lahari, nal-damayanti, byahalo adi vishay bhakti bhasha braj bhasha puraskar-upadhi mahakavi nagarikata bharatiy any janakari sooradas ji vatsaly ras ke samrat mane jate haian. unhoanne shriangar aur shant rasoan ka bhi b da marmasparshi varnan kiya hai. inhean bhi dekhean kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi

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sooradas (aangrezi:Surdas, janm: 1483 eesvi - mrityu: ) hindi sahity mean bhaktikal mean krishna bhakti ke bhakt kaviyoan mean agrani hai. mahakavi sooradas ji vatsaly ras ke samrat mane jate haian. unhoanne shriangar aur shant rasoan ka bhi b da marmasparshi varnan kiya hai. unaka janm 1483 eesvi mean mathura-agara marg par sthit runakata namak gaanv mean hua tha. kuchh logoan ka kahana hai ki sooradas ji ka janm sihi namak gram mean ek nirdhan sarasvat brahman parivar mean hua tha. bad mean vah agara aur mathura ke bich googhat par akar rahane lage the. achary ramachandr shukl ji ke matanusar sooradas ka janm sanvath 1540 vikrami ke sannikat aur mrityu sanvath 1620 vikrami ke asapas mani jati hai.sooradas ji ke pita ramadas gayak the. sooradas ji ke janmaandh hone ke vishay mean bhi matabhed haian. agara ke samip googhat par unaki bheant vallabhachary se huee aur ve unake shishy ban ge. vallabhachary ne unako pushtimarg mean diksha de kar krishnalila ke pad gane ka adesh diya. sooradas ji ashtachhap kaviyoan mean ek the. sooradas ji ki mrityu govardhan ke pas parasauli gram mean 1563 eesvi mean huee. [[chitr:Surdas Surkuti Sur Sarovar Agra-19.jpg|sooradas, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|left|250px]]

aitihasik ullekh

sooradas ke bare mean 'bhaktamal' aur 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' mean tho di-bahut janakari mil jati hai. 'aeena-e-akabari' aur 'muanshiyat abbulaphajal' mean bhi kisi sant sooradas ka ullekh hai, kintu ve banaras ke koee aur sooradas pratit hote haian. janushruti yah avashy hai ki akabar badashah sooradas ka yash sunakar unase milane ae the. 'bhaktamal' mean inaki bhakti, kavita evan gunoan ki prashansa hai tatha inaki aandhata ka ullekh hai. 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' ke anusar ve agara aur mathura ke bich sadhu ke roop mean rahate the. ve vallabhachary ke darshan ko ge aur unase lilagan ka upadesh pakar krishna-charit vishayak padoan ki rachana karane lage. kalaantar mean shrinath ji ke mandir ka nirman hone par mahaprabhu vallabhachary ne inhean yahaan kirtan ka kary sauanpa. sooradas ke vishay mean kaha jata hai ki ve janmaandh the. unhoanne apane ko ‘janm ko aandhar’ kaha bhi hai. kintu isake shabdarth par adhik nahian jana chahie. soor ke kavy mean prakritiyaan aur jivan ka jo sookshm saundary chitrit hai usase yah nahian lagata ki ve janmaandh the. unake vishay mean aisi kahani bhi milati hai ki tivr aantardvandv ke kisi kshan mean unhoanne apani aankhean pho d li thian. uchit yahi maloom p data hai ki ve janmaandh nahian the. kalaantar mean apani aankhoan ki jyoti kho baithe the. sooradas ab aandhoan ko kahate haian. yah parampara soor ke aandhe hone se chali hai. soor ka ashay ‘shoor’ se hai. shoor aur sati madhyakalin bhakt sadhakoan ke adarsh the.

janm vivaran

gosvami hariray ke 'bhav prakash' ke anusar sooradas ka janm dilli ke pas sihi nam ke gaanv mean ek atyant nirdhan sarasvat brahman parivar mean hua tha. unake tin b de bhaee the. sooradas janm se hi andhe the kintu sagun batane ki unamean adbhut shakti thi. 6 varsh ki avastha mean hi unhoanne apani sagun batane ki vidya se mata-pita ko chakit kar diya tha. kintu isi ke bad ve ghar chho dakar char kos door ek gaanv mean talab ke kinare rahane lage the. sagun batane ki vidya ke karan shighr hi unaki khyati ho gayi. ganavidya mean bhi ve prarambh se hi pravin the. shighr hi unake anek sevak ho gaye aur ve 'svami' ke roop mean pooje jane lage. 18 varsh ki avastha mean unhean pun: virakti ho gayi. aur ve yah sthan chho dakar agara aur mathura ke bich yamuna ke kinare googhat par akar rahane lage. [[chitr:Sur Shyam Temple Sur Kuti Sur Sarovar Agra-25.jpg|soor shyam mandir, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|left|250px]] sooradas ka janm kab hua, is vishay mean pahale unaki tathakathit rachanaoan, 'sahity lahari' aur soorasagar saravali ke adhar par anuman lagaya gaya tha aur anek varshoan tak yah doharaya jata raha ki unaka janm sanvat 1540 vikrami (san 1483 ee.) mean hua tha parantu vidvanoan ne is anuman ke adhar ko poorn roop mean apramanik siddh kar diya tatha pushti-marg mean prachalit is anushruti ke adhar par ki sooradas shri madvallabhachary se 10 din chhote the, yah nishchit kiya ki sooradas ka janm vaishakh shukl paksh panchami, sanvat 1535 vi. (san 1478 ee.) ko hua tha. is sampradayik janushruti ko prakash mean lane tatha use any pramanoan mean pusht karane ka shrey da. dinadayal gupt ko hai. jab tak is vishay mean koee anyatha praman n mile, ham sooradas ki janm-tithi ko yahi man sakate haian. sooradas ke vishay mean aj jo bhi jnat hai, usaka adhar mukhyataya 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' hi hai. usake atirikt pushtimarg mean prachalit anushrutiyaan jo gosvami hariray dvara kiye gaye uparyukt varta ke parivarddhanoan tatha us par likhi gayi 'bhavaprakash' nam ki tika aur gosvami yadunath dvara likhit 'vallabh digvijay' ke roop mean prapt hoti hai. sooradas ke jivanavritt ki kuchh ghatanaoan ki soochana deti hai. nabhadas ke 'bhaktamal' par likhit priyadas ki tika, kavi miyasianh ke 'bhakt vinod', dhruvadas ki 'bhaktanamavali' tatha nagaridas ki 'padaprasangamala' mean bhi sooradas sambandhi anek rochak anushrutiyaan prapt hoti haian parantu vidvanoan ne unhean vishvasaniy nahian mana hai. 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' se jnat hota hai ki prasiddh mugal samrath akabar ne sooradas se bheant ki thi parantu yah ashchary ki bat hai ki us samay ke kisi farasi itihasakar ne 'soorasagar' ke rachayita mahan bhakt kavi sooradas ka koee ullekh nahian kiya. isi yug ke any mahan bhakt kavi tulasidas ka bhi mugalakalin itihasakaroan ne ullekh nahian kiya. akabarakalin prasiddh itihasagranthoan-aeene akabari', 'mushi ate-abulafazal' aur 'muntakhabuttavarikh' mean sooradas nam ke do vyaktiyoan ka ullekh hua hai parantu ye donoan prasiddh bhakt kavi sooradas se bhinn haian. 'aeene akabari' aur 'muntakhabuttavarikh' mean akabari darabar ke ramadas namak gavaiya ke putr sooradas ka ullekh hai. ye sooradas apane pita ke sath akabar ke darabar mean jaya karate the. 'muanshiate-abulafazal' mean jin sooradas ka ullekh hai, ve kashi mean rahate the, abulafazal ne anek nam ek patr likhakar unhean ashvasan diya tha ki kashi ke us karo di ke sthan par jo unhean klesh deta hai, naya karo di unhian ki ajna se niyukt kiya jayaga. kadachit ye sooradas madanamohan nam ke ek any bhakt the. sooradas dak tikat|thumb

jati

sooradas ki jati ke sambandh mean bhi bahut vad-vivad hua hai. 'sahity lahari' ke uparyukt pad ke anusar kuchh samay tak sooradas ko bhatt ya brahmabhatt mana jata raha. bharatendu baboo harishchandr ne is vishay mean prasannata prakat ki thi ki sooradas mahakavi chandabaradaee ke vanshaj the kintu bad mean adhikatar pushtimargiy srotoan ke adhar par yah prasiddh hua ki ve sarasvat brahman the. bahut kuchh isi adhar par 'sahity lahari' ka vanshavali vala pad apramanik mana gaya. 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' mean moolat: sooradas ki jati ke vishay mean koee ullekh nahian tha parantu gosaee hariray dvara badhaye gaye 'varta' ke aansh mean unhean sarasvat brahman kaha gaya hai. unake sarasvat brahman hone ke praman pushtimarg ke any varta sahity se bhi diye gaye hai. at: adhikatar yahi mana jane laga hai ki sooradas sarasvat brahman the yadyapi kuchh vidvanoan ko is vishay mean ab bhi sandeh hai. d aau. manshiram sharma ne yah siddh karane ka prayatn kiya hai ki sooradas brahmabhatt hi the. yah sambhav hai ki brahmabhatt hone ke nate hi ve paramparagat kavi –gayakoan ke vanshaj hone ka karan sarasvati putr aur sarasvat nam se vikhyat ho gaye hoan. ant: sakshy se sooradas ke brahman hone ka koee sanket nahian milata balki isake viparit anek padoan mean unhoanne brahmanoan ki hinata ka ullekh kiya hai. is vishay mean shridhar brahman ke aang-bhang tatha maharane ke paan devale prasang drishtavy haian. ye donoan prasang 'bhagavat' se svatantr sooradas dvara kalpit hue jan p date haian. inamean sooradas ne b di nirmamata poorvak brahmanatv ke prati niradar ka bhav prakat kiya hai. ajamil tatha sudama ke prasangoan mean bhi unaki uchch jati ka ullekh karate hue soor ne brahmanatv ke sath koee mamata nahian prakat ki. isake atirikt sampoorn 'soorasagar' mean aisa koee sanket nahian milata, jisase isaka kianchith bhi abhas mil sake ki soor brahman jati ke sambandh mean koee atmiyata ka bhav rakhate the. vastut: jati ke sambandh mean ve poorn roop se udasin the. danalila ke ek pad mean unhoanne spasht roop mean kaha hai ki krishna bhakti ke lie unhoanne apani jati hi chho d di thi. ve sachche arthoan mean haribhaktoan ki jati ke the, kisi any jati se unaka koee sambandh nahian tha.

kal-nirnay

sooradas ki janm-tithi tatha unake jivan ki kuchh any mukhy ghatanaoan ke kal-nirnay ka bhi prayatn kiya gaya hai. is adhar par ki googhat par bheant hone ke samay vallabhachary gaddi par virajaman the, yah anuman kiya gaya hai. ki unaka vivah ho chuka tha kyoanki brahmachari ka gaddi par baithana varjit hai. vallabhachary ka vivah sanvat 1560-61 (san 1503-1504 ee.) mean hua tha, at: yah ghatana isake bad ki hai. [[chitr:Surdas Surkuti Sur Sarovar Agra-20.jpg|sooradas, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|left]] 'vallabh digvijay' ke anusar yah ghatana sanvat 1567 vikrami ke (san 1510 ee.) asapas ki hai. is prakar sooradas 30-32 varsh ki avastha mean pushtimarg mean dikshit hue hoange. 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' se soochit hota hai ki sooradas ko gosaee vitthalanath ka yathesht satsang prapt hua tha. gosaee ji sanvat 1628 vikrami (san 1571 ee.) mean sthayi roop se gokul mean rahane lage the. unaka dehavasan sanvat 1642 vikrami (san 1585 ee.) mean hua. 'varta' se soochit hota hai ki sooradas ko dehavasan gosaee ji ke samane hi ho gaya tha. sooradas ne gosaee ji ke satsang ka ekadh sthal par sanket karate hue braj ke jis vaibhavapoorn jivan ka varnan kiya hai, usase vidit hota hai ki gosaee ji ko sooradas ke jivanakal mean hi samrat akabar ki or se vah suvidha aur sahayata prapt ho chuki thi, jisaka ullekh sanvat 1634 (san 1577 ee.) tatha sanvat 1638 vikrami (san 1581 ee.) ke shahi faramanoan mean hua hai. at: yah anuman kiya ja sakata hai ki sooradas sanvat 1638 (san 1581 ee.) ya kam se kam sanvat 1634 vikrami ke bad tak jivit rahe hoange. maute taur par kaha ja sakata hai ki ve sanvat 1640 vikrami athava sanh 1582-83 ee. ke asapas gokulavasi hue hoange. in tithiyoan ke adhar par bhi unaka janm sanvat 1535 vikrami (san 1478 ee.) ke asapas p data hai kyoanki ve 30-32 varsh ki avastha mean pushtimarg mean dikshit hue the. 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' mean akabar aur sooradas ki bheant ka varnan hua hai. gosaee hariray ke anusar yah bheant tanasen ne karayi thi. tanasen sanvat 1621 (san 1564 ee.) mean akabar ke darabar mean aye the. akabar ke rajy kal ki rajanitik ghatanaoan par vichar karate hue yah anuman kiya ja sakata hai ki ve sanvat 1632-33 (san 1575-76 ee.) ke pahale sooradas se bheant nahian kar paye hoange. kyoanki sanvat 1632 mean (san 1575 ee.) unhoanne fatehapur sikari mean ibadatakhana banavaya tha tatha sanvat 1633 (san 1576 ee.) tak ve uttari bharat ke samrajy ko poorn roop mean apane adhin kar use sangathit karane mean vyast rahe the. gosaee vitthalanath se bhi akabar ne isi samay ke asapas bheant ki thi.

vallabhachary

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

[[chitr:Surdas Surkuti Sur Sarovar Agra-22.jpg|sooradas, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|250px]] 'chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta' mean soor ka jivanavritt googhat par huee vallabhachary se unaki bheant ke sath prarambh hota hai. googhat par bhi unake anek sevak unake sath rahate the tatha 'svami' ke roop mean unaki khyati door-door tak phail gayi thi. kadachit isi karan ek bar arail se jate samay vallabhachary ne unase bheant ki aur unhean pushtimarg mean dikshit kiya. 'varta' mean vallabhachary aur sooradas ke pratham bheant ka jo rochak varnan diya gaya hai, usase vyanjit hota hai ki sooradas us samay tak krishna ki anandamay brajalila se parichit nahian the aur ve vairagy bhavana se prerit hokar patitapavan hari ki dainyapoorn dasyabhav ki bhakti mean anurakt the aur isi bhav ke vinayapoorn pad rach kar gate the. vallabhachary ne unaka 'dhidhiyana' (dainy prakat karana) chhu daya aur unhean bhagavadh-lila se parichat karaya. is vivaran ke adhar par kabhi-kabhi yah kaha jata hai ki sooradas ne vinay ke padoan ki rachana vallabhachary se bheant hone ke pahale hi kar li hogi parantu yah vichar bhramapoorn hai vallabhachary dvara 'shrimadh bhagavat' mean varnit krishna ki lila ka jnan prapt karane ke uparant sooradas ne apane padoan mean usaka varnan karana prarambh kar diya. 'varta' mean kaha gaya hai ki unhoanne 'bhagavat' ke dvadash skandhoan par pad-rachana ki. unhoanne 'sahastravadhi' pad rache, jo 'sagar' kahalaye. vallabhachary ke sansarg se sooradas ko "mahatmyajnan poorvak prem bhakti" poornaroop mean siddh ho gayi. vallabhachary ne unhean gokul mean shrinath ji ke mandir par kirtanakar ke roop mean niyukt kiya aur ve ajanm vahian rahe.

akabar

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

sooradas ki pad-rachana aur gan-vidya ki khyati sunakar deshadhipati akabar ne unase milane ki ichchha ki. gosvami hariray ke anusar prasiddh sangitakar tanasen ke madhyam se akabar aur sooradas ki bheant mathura mean huee. sooradas ka bhaktipoorn pad-gan sunakar akabar bahut prasann hue kintu unhoanne sooradas se prarthana ki ki ve unaka yashagan karean parantu sooradas ne 'narhin rahayo man mean thaur' se prarambh hone vala pad gakar yah soochit kar diya ki ve keval krishna ke yash ka varnan kar sakate haian, kisi any ka nahian. isi prasang mean 'varta' mean pahali bar bataya gaya hai. ki sooradas andhe the. uparyukt par ke ant mean 'soor se darsh ko ek marat lochan pyas' shabd sunakar akabar ne poochha ki tumhare lochan to dikhaee nahian dete, pyase kaise marate haian. [[chitr:Surdas Surkuti Sur Sarovar Agra-23.jpg|sooradas, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|250px|left]] 'varta' mean sooradas ke jivan ki kisi any ghatana ka ullekh nahian hai, keval itana bataya gaya hai ki ve bhagavadbhaktoan ko apane padoan ke dvara bhakti ka bhavapoorn sandesh dete rahate the. kabhi-kabhi ve shrinath ji ke mandir se navanit priy ji ke mandir bhi chale jate the kintu hariray ne kuchh any chamatkarapoorn rochak prasangoan ka ullekh kiya hai. jinase keval yah prakat hota hai ki sooradas param bhagavadiy the aur unake samasamayik bhakt kumbhanadas, paramanandadas adi unaka bahut adar karate the. 'varta' mean sooradas ke golokavas ka prasang atyant rochak hai. shrinath ji ki bahut dinoan tak seva karane ke uparant jab sooradas ko jnat hua ki bhagavan ki ichchha unhean utha lene ki hai to ve shrinath ji ke mandir mean parasauli ke chandr sarovar par akar let gaye aur door se samane hi phaharane vali shrinath ji ki dhvaja ka dhyan karane lage.

vivekashil aur chintanashil vyaktitv

sooradas ke kavy se unake bahushrut, anubhav sampann, vivekashil aur chintanashil vyaktitv ka parichay milata hai. unaka hriday gop balakoan ki bhaanti saral aur nishpap, braj gopiyoan ki bhaanti sahaj sanvedanashil, prem-pravan aur madhuryapoorn tatha nand aur yashoda ki bhaanti saral-vishvasi, sneh-katar aur atm-balidan ki bhavana se anupramanit tha. sath hi unamean krishna jaisi gambhirata aur vidagdhata tatha radha jaisi vachan-chaturi aur atmotsargapoorn prem vivashata bhi thi. kavy mean prayukt patroan ke vividh bhavoan se poorn charitroan ka nirman karate hue vastut: unhoanne apane mahan vyaktitv ki hi abhivyakti ki hai. unaki prem-bhakti ke sakhy, vatsaly aur madhury bhavoan ka chitran jin aankhy sanchari bhavoan, anaginat ghatana-prasangoan bahy jagath prakritik aur samajik-ke anant saundary chitroan ke ashray se hua hai, unake antaral mean unaki gambhir vairagy-vritti tatha atyant dinatapoorn atm nivedatmak bhakti-bhavana ki antardhara satat pravahaman rahi hai parantu unaki svabhavik vinodavritti tatha hasy priyata ke karan unaka vairagy aur dainy unake chittaki adhik glaniyukt aur malin nahian bana saka. atm hinata ki charam anubhooti ke bich bhi ve ullas vyakt kar sake. unaki gopiyaan virah ki hriday vidarak vedana ko bhi has-parihas ke niche daba sakian. karun aur hasy ka jaisa ekaras roop soor ke kavy mean milata hai, anyatr durlabh hai. soor ne manaviy manobhavoan aur chittavrittiyoan ko, lagata hai, ni:shesh kar diya hai. yah to unaki visheshata hai hi parantu unaki sabase b di visheshata kadachit yah hai ki manaviy bhavoan ko ve sahaj roop mean us star par utha sake, jahaan unamean lokottarata ka sanket milate hue bhi unaki svabhavik ramaniyata akshunn hi nahian bani rahati, balki vilakshan anand ki vyanjana karati hai. soor ka kavy ek sath hi lok aur paralok ko pratibimbit karata hai.

sooradas ki andhata

[[chitr:Surdas Surkuti Sur Sarovar Agra-12.jpg|sooradas, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|250px]] samany roop se yah prasiddh raha hai ki sooradas janmandh the aur unhoanne bhagavanh ki kripa se divy-drishti payi thi, jisake adhar par unhoanne krishna-lila ka aankhoan dekha jaisa varnan kiya. gosaee hariray ne bhi sooradas ko janmandh bataya hai. parantu unake janmandh hone ka koee spasht ullekh unake padoan mean nahian milata. 'chaurasi varta' ke mool roop mean bhi isaka koee sanket nahian. jaisa pichhe kaha ja chuka hai, unake andhe hone ka ullekh keval akabar ki bheant ke prasang mean hua hai. 'soorasagar' ke lagabhag 7-8 padoan mean ki pratyaksh roop se aur kabhi prakarantar se soor ne apani hinata aur tuchchhata ka varnan karate hue apane ko andha kaha hai. sooradas ke sambandh mean jitani kianvadantiyaan prachalit haian un sab mean unake andhe hone ka ullekh hua hai. unake kuean mean girane aur svayan krishna ke dvara uddhar pane evan drishti prapt karane tatha pun: krishna se andhe hone ka varadan maangane ki ghatana lokavishrut hai. bilvamangal sooradas ke vishay mean bhi yah chamatkarapoorn ghatana kahi-suni jati hai. isake atirikt kavi miyaansianh ne tatha maharaj raghuraj sianh ne bhi kuchh chamatkarapoorn ghatanaoan ka ullekh kiya hai, jisase unaki divy-drishti sampannata ki soochana milati hai. nabhadas ne bhi apane 'bhaktamal' mean unhean divy-drishtisampann bataya hai. nishchay hi sooradas ek mahan kavi aur bhakt hone ke nate asadharan drishti rakhate the kintu unhoanne apane kavy mean vahy jagat ke jaise nana roopoan, rangoan aur vyaparoan ka varnan kiya hai, usase pramanit hota hai ki unhoanne avashy hi kabhi apane charm-chakshuoan se unhean dekha hoga. unaka kavy unaki nirikshan-shakti ki asadharan sookshmata prakat karata hai kyoanki lokamat unake mahatmy ke prati itana shraddhalu raha hai ki vah unhean janmandh manane mean hi unaka gaurav samajhati hai, isalie is sambandh mean koee sakshy nahian milata ki ve kisi paristhiti mean drishtihin ho gaye the. ho sakata hai ki ve vriddhavastha ke nikat drishti-vihin ho gaye hoan parantu isaki koee spasht soochana unake padoan mean nahian milati. vinay ke padoan mean vriddhavastha ki durdasha ke varnan ke antargat chakshu-vihin hane ka jo ullekh hua hai, use atmakatha nahian mana ja sakata, vah to samany jivan ke ek tathy ke roop mean kaha gaya hai.

rachanaean-

sooradas ji dvara likhit paanch granth batae jate haian -

1. soorasagar
2. soorasaravali
3. sahity-lahari
4. nal-damayanti
5. byahalo

uparokt mean antim do granth aprapy haian. nagari pracharini sabha dvara prakashit hastalikhit pustakoan ki vivaran talika mean sooradas ke 16 granthoan ka ullekh hai. inamean soorasagar, soorasaravali, sahity lahari, nal-damayanti, byahalo ke atirikt dashamaskandh tika, nagalila, bhagavath, govardhan lila, soorapachisi, soorasagar sar, pranapyari, adi granth sammilit haian. inamean prarambh ke tin granth hi mahattvapoorn samajhe jate haian. [[chitr:Sur Shyam Temple Sur Kuti Sur Sarovar Agra-17.jpg|soor shyam mandir, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|250px]]

mero man anat kahaan sukh pavai.
jaise u di jahaz ki panchhi, phiri jahaz pai avai॥
kamal-nain ko chhaan di mahatam, aur dev ko dhyavai.
param gang ko chhaan di piyaso, duramati koop khanavai॥
jihian madhukar aanbuj-ras chakhyo, kyoan karil-phal bhav.
'sooradas' prabhu kamadhenu taji, chheri kaun duhavai॥

'soorasagar' ke rachayita

sooradas ki jivani ke sambandh mean kuchh batoan par kafi vivad aur matabhed hai. sabase pahali bat unake nam ke sambandh mean hai. 'soorasagar' mean jis nam ka sarvadhik prayog milata hai, vah sooradas athava usaka sankshipt roop soor hi hai. soor aur sooradas ke sath anek padoan mean syam, prabhu aur svami ka prayog bhi hua hai parantu soor-syam, sooradas svami, soor-prabhu athava sooradas-prabhu ko kavi ki chhap n manakar soor ya sooradas chhap ke sath syam, prabhu ya svami ka samas samajhana chahiye. kuchh padoan mean sooraj aur soorajadas namoan ka bhi prayog milata hai parantu aise padoan ke sambandh mean nishchat poorvak nahian kaha ja sakata ki ve sooradas ke pramanik pad haian athava nahian. 'sahity lahari' ke jis pad mean usake rachayita ne apani vanshavali di hai, usamean usane apana asali nam soorajachand bataya he parantu us rachana athava kam se kam us pad ki pramanikata svikar nahian ki jati nishkarshat: 'soorasagar' ke rachayita ka vastavik nam sooradas hi mana ja sakata hai.

'soorasagar'

[[chitr:Surdas Surkuti Sur Sarovar Agra-9.jpg|sooradas, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|250px]] sooradas ki sarvasammat pramanik rachana 'soorasagar' haian. ek prakar se 'soorasagar' jaisa ki usake nam se soochit hota hai, unaki sampoorn rachanaoan ka sankalan kaha ja sakata hai 'soorasagar' ke atirikt 'sahity lahari' aur 'soorasagar saravali' ko bhi kuchh vidvanh unaki pramanik rachanaean manate haian parantu inaki pramanikata sandigdh hai . sooradas ke nam se kuchh any tathakathit rachanaean bhi prasiddh huee haian parantu ve ya to 'soorasagar' ke hi aansh haian athava any kaviyoan ko rachanaean haian. 'soorasagar' ke adhyayan se vidit hota hai ki krishna ki anek lilaoan ka varnan jis roop mean hua hai, use sahaj hi khand-kavy jaise svatantr roop mean racha hua bhi mana ja sakata hai. pray: aisi lilaoan ko prithak roop mean prasiddhi bhi mil gayi hai. inamean se kuchh hastalikhit roop mean tatha kuchh mudrit roop mean prapt hoti haian. udaharan ke lie 'nagalila' jisamean kaliyadaman ka varnan hua hai, 'govardhan lila', jisamean govardhanadharan aur indr ke sharanagaman ka varnan hai, 'pran pyari' jisamean prem ke uchchadarsh ka pachchis dohoan mean varnan hua hai, mudrit roop mean prapt haian. hastalikhit roop mean 'vyahaloan' ke nam se radha-krishna vivahasambandhiprasang, 'soorasagar sar' nam se ramakatha aur ramabhakti sambandhi prasang tatha 'sooradas ji ke drishtakoot' nam se koot-shaili ke pad prithakh granthoan mean mile haian. isake atirikt 'pad sangrah', 'dasham skandh', 'bhagavat', 'soorasathi' , 'sooradas ji ke pad' adi namoan se 'soorasagar' ke padoan ke vividh sangrah prithakh roop mean prapt hue hai. ye sabhi 'soorasagar ke' aansh haian. vastut: 'soorasagar' ke chhote-b de hastalikhit roopoan ke atirikt unake premi bhaktajan samay-samay par apani-apani roochi ke anusar 'soorasagar' ke aansho ko prithakh roop mean likhate-likhate rahe haian. 'soorasagar' ka vaijnanik riti se sampadit pramanik sanskaran nikal jane ke bad hi kaha ja sakata hai ki unake nam se prachalit sangrah aur tathakathit granth kahaan tak pramanit haian.

vishal kavy sarjan

soor ki rachana pariman aur gun donoan mean mahan kaviyoan ke bich atulaniy hai. atmabhivyanjana ke roop mean itane vishal kavy ka sarjan soor hi kar sakate the kyoanki unake svatmamuan sampoorn yug jivan ki atma samaee huee thi. unake svanubhootimoolak gitipadoan ki shaili ke karan pray: yah samajh liya gaya he ki ve apane charoan or ke samajik jivan ke prati poorn roop mean sajag nahian the parantu pracharit poorvagrahoan se mukt hokar yadi dekha jay to svikar kiya jaega ki soor ke kavy mean yug jivan ki prabuddh atma ka jaisa spandan milata hai, vaisa kisi doosare kavi mean nahian milega. [[chitr:Surdas Surkuti Sur Sarovar Agra-24.jpg|sooradas, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara|thumb|250px|left]]yah avashy hai ki unhoanne upadesh adhik nahian diye, siddhantoan ka pratipadan panditoan ki bhasha mean nahian kiya, vyavaharik arthath saansarik jivan ke adarshoan ka prachar karane vale sudharak ka bana nahian dharan kiya parantu manushy ki bhavatmak satta ka adarshikrit roop gadhane mean unhoanne jis vyavahar buddhi ka prayog kiya hai. usase pramanit hota hai ki ve kisi manishi se pichhe nahian the. unaka prabhav sachche kanta sammit upadesh ki bhaanti sidhe hriday par p data hai. ve nire bhakt nahian the, sachche kavi the-aise drashta kavi, jo saundary ke hi madhyam se saty ka anveshan kar use moort roop dene mean samarth hote haian. yugajivan ka pratibimb hote hue usamean lokottar saty ke saundary ka abhas dene ki shakti mahakavi mean hi hoti hai, nire bhakt, upadeshak aur samaj sudharak mean nahian. sooradas ki janmatithi evan janmasthan ke vishay mean vidvanoan mean matabhed hai. 'sahity-lahari' sooradas ji ki rachana mani jati hai. 'sahity lahari' ke rachana-kal ke sambandh mean nimn pad milata hai-

muni puni ke ras lekh.
dasan gaurinand ko likhi suval sanvat pekh..

sharir tyag

[[chitr:Surkuti Sur Sarovar-Agra-1.jpg|soor shyam mandir, soor kuti, agara|thumb|250px]] parasauli vah sthan hai, jahaan par kaha jata hai ki shrikrishna ne rasalila ki thi. is samay sooradas ko achary vallabh, shrinath ji aur gosaee vitthalanath ne shrinath ji ki arati karate samay sooradas ko anupasthit pakar jan liya ki sooradas ka ant samay nikat a gaya hai. unhoanne apane sevakoan se kaha ki, "pushtimarg ka jahaj" ja raha hai, jise jo lena ho le le. arati ke uparant gosaee ji ramadas, kumbhanadas, goviandasvami aur chaturbhujadas ke sath sooradas ke nikat pahuanche aur sooradas ko, jo achet p de hue the, chaitany hote hue dekha. sooradas ne gosaee ji ka sakshath bhagavan ke roop mean abhinandan kiya aur unaki bhaktavatsalata ki prashansa ki. chaturbhujadas ne is samay shanka ki ki sooradas ne bhagavadyash to bahut gaya, parantu achary vallabh ka yashagan kyoan nahian kiya. sooradas ne bataya ki unake nikat achary ji aur bhagavan mean koee antar nahian hai-jo bhagavadyash hai, vahi achary ji ka bhi yash hai. guru ke prati apana bhav unhoanne "bharoso dridh in charanan kero" vala pad gakar prakat kiya. isi pad mean sooradas ne apane ko "dvividh andharo" bhi bataya. gosaee vitthalanath ne pahale unake 'chitt ki vritti' aur phir 'netr ki vritti' ke sambandh mean prashn kiya to unhoanne kramash: bali bali bali hoan kumari radhika nand suvan jasoan rati mani' tatha 'khanjan nain roop ras mate' vale do pad gakar soochit kiya ki unaka man aur atma poornaroop se radha bhav mean lin hai. isake bad sooradas ne sharir tyag diya.

mahakavi sooradas ka sthan

dharm, sahity aur sangit ke sandarbh mean mahakavi sooradas ka sthan n keval hindi bhasha kshetr, balki sampoorn bharat mean madhyayug ki mahan vibhootiyoan mean agragany hai. yah sooradas ki lokapriyata aur mahatta ka hi praman hai ki 'sooradas' nam kisi bhi andhe bhakt gayak ke lie roodh sa ho gaya hai. madhyayug mean is nam ke kee bhakt kavi aur gayak ho gaye haian apane vishay mean madhyayug ke ye bhakt kavi itane udasin the ki unaka jivan-vritt nishchit roop se pun: nirmit karana asambhavapray haian parantu itana kaha ja sakata hai ki 'soorasagar' ke rachayita sooradas is nam ke vyaktiyoan mean sarvadhik prasiddh aur mahan the aur unhian ke karan kadachit yah nam uparyukt vishisht arth ke dyotak samany abhidhan ke roop mean prayukt hone laga. ye sooradas vitthalanath dvara sthapit ashtachhap ke agrani bhakt kavi the aur pushtimarg mean unaki vani ka adar bahut kuchh siddhant vaky ke roop mean hota hai.

vithika

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  soor shyam mandir, soor kuti, soor sarovar, agara

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  sooradas ji ka kuana, soor sarovar, agara

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panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• soor ke pad

sanbandhit lekh

suvyavasthit lekh|link=bharatakosh:suvyavasthit lekh