स्थिर विद्युत
(aangrezi:Static Electricity) aj se hazaroan varsh poorv, qarib 600 ee. poo. mean yoonan ke prasiddh vaijnanik thels ne paya ki jab ambar namak padarth ko oon ke kisi kap de se rag da jata hai to usamean chhoti-chhoti vastuoan ko apani or akarshit karane ka gun a jata hai. prarambh mean svayan thels bhi is ghatana ko n samajh sake tatha unhoanne socha ki ambar mean yah akarshan ka gun usake apane vishisht gunoan ke karan hota hai. tatha yah akarshan ka gun keval ambar mean hi paya jata hai. lekin bad mean paya gaya ki ambar ke alava anek any padarth bhi rag de jane par chhoti-chhoti vastuoan ko apani or akarshik karane lahate haian. jaise- yadi kisi kanghe ko baloan se rag d kar, kagaz ke chhote-chhote tuk doan ke pas layean to kagaz ke tuk de kanghe ki or akarshit hote haian. isi prakar kisi kaanch ki chh d ko resham ke tuk de se rag dane par ya ebonait ki chh d ko billi ki khal se rag dane par bhi in chh doan mean bhi kagaz ke tuk doan ko apani or akarshit karate ka gun jata hai. atah jab padarthoan ko apas mean rag dane par unamean, doosari vastuoan ko apani or akarshit karane ka gun a jata hai tab kaha jata hai ki padarth 'vidyutamay' ho gaye haian tatha vah gun jisake karan padarth vidyutamay hote haian, 'vidyut', kahalata hai. padarthoan ke vidyutamay ho jane par unamean kuchh 'avesh' ki matra sanchit ho jati hai tatha padarth vidyut aveshit kahalate haian. padarthoan ko paraspar rag dane se ya gharshan karane se us par jo avesh ki matra sanchit hoti hai, use 'sthit-vidyut' kahate haian. 'sthit-vidyut' mean avesh sthit rahata hai. jab avesh kisi tar ya chalak padarth mean bahata hai to use dhara-vidyut kahate haian.
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