स्वदेशी आन्दोलन
svadeshi andolan bharatiy svatantrata andolan ka ek mahattvapoorn andolan hai jo bharatiyoan ki saphal rananiti ke lie jana jata hai. svadeshi ka arth hai - apane desh ka. is rananiti ke antargat briten mean bane mal ka bahishkar karana tatha bharat mean bane mal ka adhikadhik prayog karake briten ko arthik hani pahuanchana v bharat ke logoan ke liye rozagar srijan karana tha. svadeshi andolan, mahatma gaandhi ke svatantrata andolan ka kendr bindu tha. unhoanne ise svaraj ki atma bhi kaha tha.
andolan ki ghoshana
disambar, 1903 ee. mean bangal vibhajan ke prastav ki khabar phailane par charo or virodhasvaroop anek baithakean hueean, jisamean adhikatar dhaka, meman sianh evan chatagaanv mean huee. surendranath banarji, kushn kumar mishr, prithvishachandr ray jaise bangal ke netaoan ne 'bangali', 'hitavadi' evan 'sanjivani' jaise akhabaroan dvara vibhajan ke prastav ki alochana ki. virodh ke bavajood karzan ne 19 julaee, 1905 ee, ko 'bangal vibhajan' ke nirnay ki ghoshana ki, jisake parinamasvaroop 7 agast, 1905 ko kalakatta (vartaman kolakata) ke 'taun hal' mean 'svadeshi aandolan' ki ghoshana ki gee tatha 'bahishkar prastav' pas kiya gaya. isi baithak mean aitihasik bahishkar prastav parit hua. 16 aktoobar, 1905 ko bangal vibhajan ke lagoo hone ke sath hi vibhajan prabhavi ho gaya.[1]
bahishkar andolan
apani maangoan ko manavane ke lie udaravadiyoan ki anunay-vinay ki niti ko asvikar karate hue use ugravadiyoan ne 'rajanitik bhikshavritti' ki sanjna di. tilak ne kaha ki 'hamara uddeshy atm-nirbharata hai, bhikshavritti nahian.' vipin chandr pal ne kaha ki 'yadi sarakar mere pas akar kahe ki svarajy le lo, to maian upahar ke lie dhanyavad dete hue kahooanga ki 'mai us vastu ko svikar nahian kar sakata, jisako prapt karane ki samarthy mujhamean nahian hai.' in netaoan ne videshi mal ka bahishkar, svadeshi mal ko aangikar kar rashtriy shiksha evan satyagrah ke mahatv par bal diya. udaravadi neta svadeshi evan bahishkar andolan ko bangal tak hi simit rakhana chahate the aur unaka bahishkar andolan videshi mal ke bahishkar tak hi simit tha, kintu ugravadi neta in andolanoan ka prasar desh ke vistrit kshetr mean karana chahate the. inake bahishkar andolan ki tulana gaandhi ji ke 'asahayog andolan' se ki ja sakati hai. ye bahishkar andolan ko asahayog andolan aur shaantipoorn pratirodh tak le jana chahate the. keval videshi kap de ka hi bahishkar nahian, apitu sarakari skooloan, adalatoan, upadhiyoan sarakari naukariyoan ka bhi bahishkar isamean shamil tha.[2]
andolan ka prabhav
1905 ee. mean hue kaangres ke 'banaras adhiveshan' ki adhyakshata karate hue gokhale ne lean bhi svadeshi evan bahishkar aandolan ko samarthan diya. ugravadi dal ke neta tilak, vipinachandr pal, lajapat ray evan aravind ghosh ne poore desh mean is aandolan ko phailana chaha. svadeshi aandolan ke samay logoan ka aandolan ke prati samarthan ekatr karane mean 'svadesh bandhav samiti' ki mahattvapoorn bhoomika thi. isaki sthapana ashvini kumar datt ne ki thi. shiandhr hi svadeshi aandolan ka parinam samane a gaya, jisake parinamasvaroop 15 agast, 1906 ee. ko ek rashtriy shiksha parishad ki sthapana ki gayi. svadeshi aandolan ka prabhav saanskritik kshetr par bhi p da, bangal sahity ke lie yah samay svarn kal ka tha. ravindranath taigor ne isi samay 'amar sonar bangala' namak git likha, jo 1971 ee. mean bangaladesh ka rashtriy gan bana. ravindranath taigor ko unake gitoan ke sankalan 'gitaanjali' ke lie sahity ka nobel puraskar mila. kala ke kshetr mean avanindranath taigor ne pashchaty prabhav se alag hatakar svadeshi chitrakari shuru ki. svadeshi aandolan mean pahali bar mahilaoan ne poorn roop se pradarshan kiya.[1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 bangal vibhajan (hindi) (pi.ech.pi.) bharatakosh. abhigaman tithi: 21 aprॅl, 2012.
- ↑ bharatiy rashtriy andolan (dvitiy charan) (hindi) (pi.ech.pi.) bharatakosh. abhigaman tithi: 21 aprॅl, 2012.
sanbandhit lekh