हिन्दी दिवस

hindi divas
dak tikat par hindi divas|200px|center
vivaran	hindi, vishv mean sarvadhik boli jane vali bhashaoan mean se ek hai aur apane ap mean ek samarth bhasha hai.
tithi	14 sitambar
uddeshy	hindi ka prachar-prasar hi 'hindi divas' ka mukhy uddeshy hai.
ayojan	is din vibhinn shasakiy - ashasakiy karyalayoan, shiksha sansthaoan adi mean vividh goshthiyoan, sammelanoan, pratiyogitaoan tatha any karyakramoan ka ayojan kiya jata hai. kahian-kahian 'hindi pakhavada' tatha 'rashtrabhasha saptah' ityadi bhi manaye jate haian.
sanbandhit lekh	vishv hindi divas
any janakari	rashtrabhasha prachar samiti, vardha ke anurodh par sanh 1953 se sanpoorn bharat mean 14 sitanbar ko prativarsh 'hindi divas' ke roop mean manaya jata hai.

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hindi divas bharat mean pratyek varsh '14 sitambar' ko manaya jata hai. hindi vishv mean sarvadhik boli jane vali bhashaoan mean se ek hai aur apane ap mean ek samarth bhasha hai. prakriti se yah udar grahanashil, sahishnu aur bharat ki rashtriy chetana ki sanvahika hai. is din vibhinn shasakiy, ashasakiy karyalayoan, shiksha sansthaoan adi mean vividh goshthiyoan, sammelanoan, pratiyogitaoan tatha any karyakramoan ka ayojan kiya jata hai. kahian-kahian 'hindi pakhavada' tatha 'rashtrabhasha saptah' ityadi bhi manaye jate haian. vishv ki ek prachin, samriddh tatha mahanh bhasha hone ke sath hi hindi hamari rashtrabhasha bhi hai, atah isake prati apana prem aur samman prakat karane ke lie aise ayojan svabhavik hi haian, parantu, duahkh ka vishay yah hai ki samay ke sath-sath ye ayojan keval aupacharikata matr banate ja rahe haian.

itihas

bharat ki svatantrata ke bad 14 sitanbar, 1949 ko sanvidhan sabha ne ek mat se yah nirnay liya ki hindi ki kh di boli hi bharat ki rajabhasha hogi. isi mahattvapoorn nirnay ke mahattv ko pratipadit karane tatha hindi ko har kshetr mean prasarit karane ke liye rashtrabhasha prachar samiti, vardha ke anurodh par san 1953 se sanpoorn bharat mean 14 sitanbar ko prativarsh 'hindi divas' ke roop mean manaya jata hai.

neharoo ji ka kathan

pandit javaharalal neharoo ne sanvidhan sabha mean 13 sitambar, 1949 ke din bahas mean bhag lete hue tin pramukh batean kahi thian-

1. kisi videshi bhasha se koee rashtr mahanh nahian ho sakata.
2. koee bhi videshi bhasha am logoan ki bhasha nahian ho sakati.
3. bharat ke hit mean, bharat ko ek shaktishali rashtr banane ke hit mean, aisa rashtr banane ke hit mean jo apani atma ko pahachane, jise atmavishvas ho, jo sansar ke sath sahayog kar sake, hamean hindi ko apanana chahie.

bhasha vishayak bahas

javaharalal neharoo ki bahas 12 sitambar, 1949 ko char baje dopahar mean shuroo huee aur 14 sitanbar, 1949 ke din samapt huee. 14 sitambar ki sham bahas ke samapan ke bad bhasha sanbandhi sanvidhan ka tatkalin bhag '14 k' aur vartaman bhag 17, sanvidhan ka bhag ban gaya.thumb|left|hindi bharat ki rashtrabhasha hai sanvidhan sabha ki bhasha vishayak bahas lagabhag 278 prishthoan mean mudrit huee. isamean d aau. kanhaiyalal manikalal muanshi aur shri gopal svami ayangar ki mahati bhoomika rahi thi. bahas ke bad yah sahamati bani ki sangh ki bhasha hindi aur lipi devanagari hogi, kiantu devanagari mean likhe jane vale aankoan tatha aangrezi ko 15 varsh ya usase adhik avadhi tak prayog karane ke lie tikhi bahas huee. antat: ayangar-muanshi farmoola bhari bahumat se svikar hua. vastav mean aankoan ko chho dakar sangh ki rajabhasha ke prashn par adhikatar sadasy sahamat ho ge. aankoan ke bare mean bhi yah spasht tha ki aantarrashtriy aank bharatiy aankoan ka hi ek naya sanskaran hai. kuchh sadasyoan ne roman lipi ke paksh mean prastav rakha, lekin devanagari ko hi adhikatar sadasyoan ne svikar kiya.

• svatantr bharat ki rajabhasha ke prashn par kafi vichar-vimarsh ke bad yah nirnay liya gaya, jo bharatiy sanvidhan ke bhag 17 ke adhyay ki dhara 343 (1) mean is prakar varnit hai-

sangh ki raj bhasha hindi aur lipi devanagari hogi. sangh ke rajakiy prayojanoan ke lie prayog hone vale aankoan ka roop aantarrashtriy roop hoga.

hindi ka mahattv

aj bharat-bhasha hindi bhavishy mean vishv-vani banane ke path par agrasar hai. vishv ke sarvadhik shaktishali rashtr amerika ke rashtrapati barak obama kadhik avasaroan par amarikiyoan ko hindi sikhane ke liye sachet karate hue kah chuke haian ki- "hindi sikhe bina bhavishy mean kam nahian chalega". yah salah akaran hi nahian hai. bharat ko ubharati huee vishv-shakti ke roop mean sakal vishv mean jana ja raha hai. sanskrit tatha us par adharit hindi ko dhvani-vijnan aur door sanchari tarangoan ke madhyam se aantariksh mean any sabhyataoan ko sandesh bheje jane ki drishti se sarvadhik upayukt paya gaya hai.

sarvadhik upayukt bhasha

bharat mean bhale hi kuchh logoan dvara aangrezi bolana samman ki bat mani jati ho, par vishv ke bahusankhyak deshoan mean aangrezi ka itana mahattv nahian hai. hindi bolane mean hichak ka ekamatr karan poorv prathamik shiksha ke samay aangrezi madhyam ka chayan kiya jana hai. aj bhi bharat mean adhikatar abhibhavak apane bachchoan ka dakhila aise skooloan mean karavana chahate haian, jo aangrezi madhyam se shiksha pradan karate haian. jabaki manovaijnanikoan ke anusar shishu sarvadhik asani se apani matr-bhasha ko hi grahan karata hai aur isi bhasha mean kisi bhi bat ko bhali-bhaanti samajh sakata hai. aangrezi bharatiyoan ki matribhasha nahian hai. at: bharat mean bachchoan ki shiksha ka sarvadhik upayukt madhyam hindi hi hai.

hindi ke kamazor hone ka karan

bharat ki vartaman shiksha paddhati mean balakoan ko poorv prathamik se hi aangrezi ke git rataye jate haian. yadi ghar mean balak bina arth jane hi ane vale atithiyoan ko aangrezi mean kavita adi suna de to mata-pita ka mastak garv se ooancha ho jata hai. hindi ki kavita keval do din '15 agast' aur '26 janavari' par padhi jati hai, isake bad mean hindi bolana koee nahian chahata. aangrezi bhashi vidyalayoan mean to kisi vidyarthi dvara hindi bolane par apamanajanak vaky likh kar ek takhti laga di jati hai. atah bachchoan ko samajhane ke sthan par ratana hota hai, jo ki avaijnanik hai. aise adhikaansh bachche uchch shiksha mean madhyam badalate haian tatha bhashik kamazori ke karan khud ko samuchit tarike se abhivyakt nahian kar pate aur pichh d jate haian. is manasikata mean shikshit bachcha madhyamik aur uchchtar madhyamik mean majaboori mean hindi yatkianchit padhata hai, phir vishayoan ka chunav kar lene par vyavasayik shiksha ka dabav hindi chhu dava hi deta hai.

shabd samarthy

hindi ki shabd samarthy par prayah akaran tatha janakari ke abhav mean prashn chihn lagaye jate haian. vaijnanik vishayoan, prakriyaoan, niyamoan tatha ghatanaoan ki abhivyakti hindi mean karana kathin mana jata hai, kintu vastav mean aisa nahian hai. hindi ki shabd sampada apar hai. hindi sadanira salila ki tarah satat pravahini hai, usamean se lagatar kuchh shabd kal-bahy hokar bahar ho jate haian to anek shabd usamean pravisht bhi hote haian. hindi ke anek roop desh mean aanchalik/sthaniy bhashaoan aur bolioan ke roop mean prachalit haian. is karan bhashik niyamoan, kriya-karak ke roopoan, kahian-kahian shabdoan ke arthoan mean aantar svabhavik hai, kintu hindi ko vaijnanik vishayoan ki abhivyakti mean saksham vishv bhasha banane ke liye is aantar ko patakar kramashah manak roop lena hoga. anek kshetroan mean hindi ki manak shabdavali hai, jahaan nahian hai, vahaan kramashah akar le rahi hai.

samany tatha takaniki bhasha

jan samany bhasha ke jis deshaj roop ka prayog karata hai, vah kahi gayi bat ka ashay sanpreshit karata hai, kintu vah poori tarah shuddh nahian hota. jnan-vijnan mean bhasha ka upayog tabhi sanbhav hai, jab shabd se ek sunishchit arth ki pratiti ho. is disha mean hindi ka prayog n hone ko do karan ichchha shakti ki kami tatha bhashik evan shabdik niyamoan aur unake arth ki spashtata n hona hai. hindi ke samaksh sabase b di samasya vishv ki any bhashaoan ke sahity ko atmasat kar hindi mean abhivyakt karane ki tatha jnan-vijnan ki har shakha ki vishayavastu ko hindi mean abhivyakt karane ki hai. hindi ke shabd kosh ka punarnirman paramavashyak hai. isamean paranparik shabdoan ke sath vividh boliyoan, bharatiy bhashaoan, videshi bhashaoan, vividh vishayoan aur vijnan ki shakhaoan ke paribhashik shabdoan ko jo da jana zaroori hai. aangrezi ke naye shabdakoshoan mean hindi ke hajaroan shabd samahit kiye gaye haian, kintu kee jagah unake arth, bhavarth adi galat haian. hindi mean anyatr se shabd grahan karate samay shabd ka liang, vachan, kriyaroop, arth, bhavarth tatha prayog shabd kosh mean ho to upayogita mean vriddhi hogi. yah mahanh kary saiank doan hindi premiyoan ko milakar karana hoga. vividh vishayoan ke nishnat jan apane vishayoan ke shabd-arth dean, jinhean hindi shabd kosh mean jo da jaye.

shabdoan ke vishisht arth

takaniki vishayoan v gatividhiyoan ko hindi bhasha ke madhyam se sanchalit karane ka sabase b da labh yah hai ki unaki pahuanch asankhy logoan tak ho sakegi. hindi mean takaniki kshetr mean shabdoan ke vishisht arth sunishchit kiye jane ki mahati avashyakata hai. udaharan ke liye aangrezi ke do shabdoan 'shep' aur 'saiz' ka arth hindi mean samanyatah 'akar' kiya jata hai, kintu vijnan mean donoan mool shabd alag-alag arthoan mean prayog hote haian. 'shep' se akriti aur saiz se b de-chhote hone ka bodh hota hai. hindi shabdakosh mean akar aur akriti samanarthi haian. atah saiz ke liye ek vishesh shabd 'parimap' nirdharit kiya gaya. nirman samagri ke chhanni parikshan mean aangrezi mean 'riteand aaun siv' tatha 'pasd phr aaum siv' ka prayog hota hai. hindi mean is kriya se ju da shabd 'chhanan' upayogi padarth ke liye hai. atah ukt donoan isi tarah vijnan mean arth vishesh mean prayog kiye jane vale shabdoan ke liye vishesh paryay nirdharit karane ka kary us takanik ki pratinidhi sanstha ko karana chahie.

• takaniki vishayoan ke rachanakaroan ko hindi ka pramanik shabd kosh, vyakaran tatha piangal ki pustakean apane sath rakhakar jab jaise samay mile, padhane ki adat dalani hogi. hindi ki shuddhata se ashay urdoo, aangrezi yani kisi bhasha, boli ke shabdoan ka bahishkar nahian, apitu bhasha ke sanskar, pravritti, ravanagi, pravah tatha arthavatta ko banaye rakhana hai. chooanki inake bina koee bhasha jivant nahian hoti.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• hindi divas
• hindi ki mahima

sanbandhit lekh

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