भागवत पुराण
[[chitr:Cover-Bhagavata-Purana.jpg|thumb|bhagavat puran, gitapres gorakhapur ka avaran prishth]]
is kalikal mean 'shrimadbhagavat puran' hindoo samaj ka sarvadhik adaraniy puran hai. yah vaishnav sampraday ka pramukh granth hai. is granth mean vedoan, upanishadoan tatha darshan shastr ke goodh evan rahasyamay vishayoan ko atyant saralata ke sath niroopit kiya gaya hai. ise bharatiy dharm aur sanskriti ka vishvakosh kahana adhik samichin hoga. saik doan varshoan se yah puran hindoo samaj ki dharmik, samajik aur laukik maryadaoan ki sthapana mean mahattvapoorn bhoomika ada karata a raha haian.
[[chitr:makhanchor.jpg|krishna
Krishna|thumb|left]]
is puran mean sakam karm, nishkam karm, jnan sadhana, siddhi sadhana, bhakti, anugrah, maryada, dvait-advait, dvaitadvait, nirgun-sagun tatha vyakt-avyakt rahasyoan ka samanvay upalabdh hota hai.
'shrimadbhagavat puran' varnan ki vishadata aur udatt kavy-ramaniyata se otaprot hai. yah vidya ka akshay bhandar hai. yah puran sabhi prakar ke kalyan dene vala tatha tray tap-adhibhautik, adhidaivik aur adhyatmik adi ka shaman karata hai. jnan, bhakti aur vairagay ka yah mahanh granth hai.
is puran mean barah skandh haian, jinamean vishnu ke avataroan ka hi varnan hai. naimisharany mean shaunakadi rrishiyoan ki prarthana par lomaharshan ke putr ugrashrava soot ji ne is puran ke madhyam se shrikrishna ke chaubis avataroan ki katha kahi hai.
is puran mean varnashram-dharm-vyavastha ko poori manyata di gee hai tatha stri, shoodr aur patit vyakti ko ved sunane ke adhikar se vanchit kiya gaya hai. brahmanoan ko adhik mahattv diya gaya hai. vaidik kal mean striyoan aur shoodroan ko ved sunane se isalie vanchit kiya gaya tha ki unake pas un mantroan ko shravan karake apani smriti mean surakshit rakhane ka n to samay tha aur n hi unaka bauddhik vikas itana tikshn tha. kintu bad mean vaidik rrishiyoan ki is bhavana ko samajhe bina brahmanoan ne ise roodh bana diya aur ek prakar se vargabhed ko janm de dala.
'shrimadbhagavat puran' mean bar-bar shrikrishna ke eeshvariy aur alaukik roop ka hi varnan kiya gaya hai. puranoan ke lakshanoan mean pray: paanch vishayoan ka ullekh kiya gaya hai, kintu isamean das vishayoan-sarg-visarg, sthan, poshan, ooti, manvantar, eeshanukatha, nirodh, mukti aur ashray ka varnan prapt hota hai (doosare adhyay mean in das lakshanoan ka vivechan kiya ja chuka hai). yahaan shrikrishna ke gunoan ka bakhan karate hue kaha gaya hai ki unake bhaktoan ki sharan lene se kirath hoon, andhr, pulind, pulkas, abhir, kank, yavan aur khas adi tatkalin jatiyaan bhi pavitr ho jati haian.
sthan
[[chitr:God-Vishnu.jpg|thumb|200px|bhagavan vishnu
God Vishnu]]
puranoan ke kram mean bhagavat puran paanchava sthan hai. par lokapriyata ki drishti se yah sabase adhik prasiddh hai. vaishnav 12 skandh, 335 adhyay aur 18 hazar shlokoan ke is puran ko mahapuran manate haian. yah bhaktishakha ka advitiy granth mana jata hai aur acharyoan ne isaki anek tikaean ki hai. krishna-bhakti ka yah agar hai. sath hi uchch darshanik vicharoan ki bhi isamean prachurata hai. paravarti krishna-kavy ki aradhya 'radha' ka ullekh bhagavat mean nahian milata. is puran ka poora nam shrimadh bhagavat puran hai.
manyata
kuchh log ise mahapuran n manakar devi-bhagavat ko mahapuran manate haian. ve ise upapuran batate haian. par bahusankhyak mat is paksh mean nahian haian. bhagavat ke rachanakal ke sanbandh mean bhi vivad hai. dayanand sarasvati ne ise terahavian shatabdi ki rachana bataya hai, par adhikaansh vidvanh ise chhathi shatabdi ka granth manate haian. ise kisi dakshinaty vidvanh ki rachana mana jata hai. bhagavat puran ka dasavaan skandh bhaktoan mean vishesh priy hai.
srishti-utpatti
srishti-utpatti ke sandarbh mean is puran mean kaha gaya hai- ekoahambahusyami. arthath ek se bahut hone ki ichchha ke phalasvaroop bhagavan svayan apani maya se apane svaroop mean kal, karm aur svabhav ko svikar kar lete haian. tab kal se tinoan gunoan- satv, raj aur tam mean kshobh utpann hota hai tatha svabhav us kshobh ko roopantarit kar deta hai. tab karm gunoan ke mahattv ko janm deta hai jo kramash: ahankar, akash, vayu tej, jal, prithvi, man, indriyaan aur satv mean parivartit ho jate haian. in sabhi ke paraspar milane se vyashti-samashti roop piand aur brahmand ki rachana hoti hai. yah brahmand roopi andaan ek hazar varsh tak aise hi p da raha. phir bhagavan ne usamean se sahastr mukh aur aangoan vale virat purush ko prakat kiya. us virat purush ke mukh se brahman, bhujaoan se kshatrioan se kshatriy, jaanghoan se vaishy aur pairoan se shoodr utpann hue. thumb|200px|left|rrishiyoan ko bhagavat katha sunate ugrashrava virat purush roopi nar se utpann hone ke karan jal ko 'nar' kaha gaya. yah nar hi bad mean 'narayan' kahalaya. kul das prakar ki srishtiyaan bataee gee haian. mahattatv, ahankar, tanmatr, indiyaan, indriyoan ke adhishthata dev 'man' aur avidya- ye chhah prakrit srishtiyaan haian. inake alava char vikrit srishtiyaan haian, jinamean sthavar vriksh, pashu-pakshi, manushy aur dev ate haian.
kal ganana
'shrimadbhagavat puran' mean kal ganana bhi atyadhik sookshm roop se ki gee hai. vastu ke sookshmatam svaroop ko 'paramanu' kahate haian. do paramanuoan se ek 'anu' aur tin anuoan se milakar ek 'trasarenu' banata hai. tin trasarenuoan ko par karane mean soory kiranoan ko jitana samay lagata hai, use 'truti' kahate haian. truti ka sau guna 'kalavedh' hota hai aur tin kalavedh ka ek 'lav' hota hai. tin lav ka ek 'nimesh', tin nimesh ka ek 'kshan' tatha paanch kshanoan ka ek 'kashta' hota hai. pandrah kashta ka ek 'laghu', pandrah laghuoan ki ek 'na dika' athava 'dand' tatha do na dika ya dandoan ka ek 'muhoort' hota hai. chhah muhoort ka ek 'prahar' athava 'yam' hota hai.
[[chitr:Narada-Muni.jpg|thumb|narad muni
Narad Muni|left]]
ek chaturyug (sat yug, treta yug, dvapar yug, kali yug) mean barah hazar divy varsh hote haian. ek divy varsh manushyoan ke tin sau sath varsh ke barabar hota hai.
[[chitr:Dwarkadhish-Temple-Dwarka-Gujarat-1.jpg|thumb|dvarikadhish mandir, dvaraka
Dwarkadhish Temple, Dwarka]]
| yug | varsh |
|---|---|
| sat yug | char hazar ath sau |
| treta yug | tin hazar chhah sau |
| dvapar yug | do hazar char sau |
| kali yug | ek hazar do sau |
pratyek manu 7,16,114 chaturyugoan tak adhikari rahata hai. brahma ke ek 'kalp' mean chaudah manu hote haian. yah brahma ki pratidin ki srishti hai. solah vikaroan (prakriti, mahattatv, ahankar, paanch tanmatraane, do prakar ki indriyaan, man aur panchabhoot) se bana yah brahmandakosh bhitar se pachas karo d yojan vistar vala hai. usake oopar das-das avaran haian. aisi karo doan brahmand rashiyaan, jis brahmand mean paramanu roop mean dikhaee deti haian, vahi paramatma ka paramadham hai. is prakar puranakar ne eeshvar ki mahatta, kal ki mahanata aur usaki tulana mean charachar padarth athava jiv ki atyalpata ka vishadh vivechan prastut kiya hai.
pratham skandh
is puran ke pratham skandh mean unatis adhyay haian jinamean shukadev ji eeshvar bhakti ka mahatmy sunate haian. bhagavan ke vividh avataroan ka varnan, devarshi narad ke poorvajanmoan ka chitran, raja parikshit ke janm, karm aur moksh ki katha, ashvatthama ka nindaniy krity aur usaki parajay, bhishm pitamah ka pranatyag, shrikrishna ka dvaraka gaman, vidur ke upadesh, dhritarashtr, gandhari tatha kunti ki tan gaman evan pandavoan ka svargarohan ke lie himalay mean jana adi ghatanaoan ka kramavar kathanak ke roop mean varnan kiya gaya hai.
dvitiy skandh
[[chitr:Gita-Krishna-1.jpg|right|150px|krishna arjun ko jnan dete hue|thumb]] is skandh ka prarambh bhagavan ke virat svaroop varnan se hota hai. isake bad vibhinn devataoan ki upasana, gita ka upadesh, shrikrishna ki mahima aur 'krishnaarpanamastu' ki bhavana se ki gee bhakti ka ullekh hai. isamean bataya gaya hai ki sabhi jivatmaoan mean 'atma' svaroop krishna hi virajaman haian. puranoan ke das lakshanoan aur srishti-utpatti ka ullekh bhi is skandh mean milata hai.
tritiy skandh
tritiy skandh uddhav aur vidur ji ki bheant ke sath prarambh hota hai. isamean uddhav ji shrikrishna ki bal-lilaoan tatha any lila charitroan ka ullekh karate haian. isake alava vidur aur maitrey rrishi ki bheant, srishti kram ka ullekh, brahma ki utpatti, kal vibhajan ka varnan, srishti-vistar ka varnan, varah avatar ki katha, diti ke agrah par rrishi kashyap dvara asamay diti se sahavas evan do amangalakari rakshas putroan ke janm ka shap dena jay-vijay ka sanatkumar dvara shapit hokar vishnulok se girana aur diti ke garbh se 'hiranyaksh' evan 'hiranyakashipu' ke roop mean janm lena, prahlad ki bhakti, varah avatar dvara hiranyaksh aur nrisianh avatar dvara hiranyakashipu ka vadh, kardam-devahooti ka vivah, saankhy shastr ka upadesh tatha kapil muni ke roop mean bhagavan ka avatar adi ka varnan is skandh mean kiya gaya hai.
chaturth skandh
is skandh ki prasiddhi 'puranjanopakhyan' ke karan bahut adhik hai. isamean puranjan namak raja aur bharatakhand ki ek sundari ka roopak diya gaya hai. is katha mean puranjan bhog-vilas ki ichchha se navadvar vali nagari mean pravesh karata hai. vahaan vah yavanoan aur gandharvoan ke akraman se mana jata hai. roopak yah hai ki navadvar vali nagari yah sharir hai. yuvavastha mean jiv isamean svachchhand roop se vihar karata hai. lekin kalakanya roopi vriddhavastha ke akraman se usaki shakti nasht ho jati hai aur ant mean usamean ag laga di jati hai.
[[chitr:Narsingh-Bhagwan.jpg|thumb|left|nrisianh bhagavan
Narsingh Bhagwan]]
roopak ko spasht karate hue narad ji kahate haian- "puranjan dehadhari jiv hai aur nau dvar vala nagar yah manav deh hai (nau dvar- do aankhean, do kan, do nasika chhidr, ek mukh, ek guda, ek liang). avidya tatha ajnan ki maya roopi vah sundari hai. usake das sevak das indriyaan haian. is nagar[1] ki raksha panchamukhi sarp [2] karate haian. gyarah senapati[3], pap aur puny ke do pahie, tin gunoan[4] vali rath ki dhvaja, tvacha adi sat dhatuoan ka avaran tatha indriyoan dvara bhog shikar ka pratik hai. kal ki prabal gati evan veg hi shatru gandharv chandaveg hai. usake tin sau sath gandharv sainik varsh ke tin sau sath din evan ratri haian, jo shanai:-shanai: ayu ka haran karate haian. paanch pran vala manushy rat-din unase yuddh karata rahata hai aur harata rahata hai. kal bhayagrast jiv ko jvar athava vyadhi se nasht kar deta hai.
is roopak ka bhav yahi hai ki manushy apani indriyoan ke upabhog se nirantar bhog-vilas mean p dakar apane sharir ka kshay karata rahata hai. vriddhavastha ane par shakti kshin hokar anek rogoan se grast evan nasht ho jata hai. parijan usake parthiv sharir ko ag ki bheant chadha dete haian.
pancham skandh
pancham skandh mean priyavrat, agnidhr, raja nabhi, rrishabhadev tatha bharat adi rajaoan ke charitroan ka varnan hai. yah bharat j d bharat hai, shakuntala putr nahian. bharat ka mrig moh mean mrig yoni mean janm, phir gandak nadi ke pratap se brahman kul mean janm tatha siandhu sauvir naresh se adhyatmik sanvad adi ka ullekh hai. isake pashchath puranjanopakhyan ki bhaanti roopak dvara praniyoan ke sansar roopi marg ka sundar varnan kiya gaya hai. isake bad bharat vansh tatha bhuvan kosh ka varnan hai. taduparant gangavataran ki katha, bharat ka bhaugolik varnan tatha bhagavan vishnu ka smaran shishumar namak jyotish chakr dvara karane ki vidhi bataee gee hai. aant mean vibhinn prakar ke raurav narakoan ka varnan yahaan kiya gaya hai.
[[chitr:Ramayana.jpg|thumb|ram,lakshman aur sita
Ram, Laxman and Sita|thumb]]
shashth skandh
shashth skandh mean narayan kavach aur puansavan vrat vidhi ka varnan janopayogi drishti se kiya gaya hai. puansavan vrat karane se putr ki prapti hoti hai. vyadhiyoan, rogoan tatha grahoan ke dushprabhavoan se manushy ki raksha hoti hai. ekadashi evan dvadashi ke din ise avashy karana chahie.
is skandh ka prarambh kanyakubj ke nivasi ajamil ujamil upakhyan se hota hai. apani mrityu ke samay ajamil apane putr 'narayan' ko pukarata hai. usaki pukar par bhagavan vishnu ke doot ate haian aur use paramalok le jate haian. bhagavat dharm ki mahima batate hue vishnu-doot kahate haian ki chor, sharabi, mitr-drohi, brahmaghati, guru-patnigami aur chahe kitana bhi b da papi kyoan n ho, yadi vah bhagavan vishnu ke nam ka smaran karata hai to usake koti-koti janmoan ke pap nasht ho jate haian. kintu is kathan mean atishayokti dikhaee deti hai. parastrigami aur guru ki patni ke sath samagam karane vala kabhi sukhi nahian ho sakata. yah to jaghany pap hai. aisa vyakti raurav narak mean hi girata hai.
isi skandh mean daksh prajapati ke vansh ka bhi varnan prapt hota hai. narayan kavach ke prayog se indr ko shatru par bhari vijay prapt hoti hai. is kavach ka prabhav mrityu ke pashchath bhi rahata hai. isamean vatrasur rakshas dvara devataoan ki parajayas, dadhichi rrishi ki asthiyoan se vajr nirman tatha vatrasur ke vadh ki katha bhi di gee hai.
saptam skandh
saptam skandh mean bhaktaraj prahlad aur hiranyakashipu ki katha vistarapoorvak hai. isake atirikt manav dharm, varn dharm aur stri dharm ka vistrit vivechan hai. bhakt prahlad ke kathanak ke madhyam se dharm, tyag, bhakti tatha nisprihata adi ki charcha ki gee hai. thumb|250px|left|bhagavat puran
ashtam skandh
is skandh mean grah dvara gajendr ke pak de jane par vishnu dvara gajendr uddhar ki katha ka rochak vrittant hai. isi skandh mean samudr manthan aur mohini roop mean vishnu dvara amrit baantane ki katha bhi hai. devasur sangram aur bhagavan ke 'vaman avatar' ki katha bhi is skandh mean hai. ant mean 'matsyavatar' ki katha yah skandh samapt ho jata hai.
navam skandh
puranoan ke ek lakshan 'vanshanucharit' ke anusar, is skandh mean manu evan unake paanch putroan ke vansh-ikshvaku vansh, nimi vansh, chandr vansh, vishvamitr vansh tatha puroo vansh, bharat vansh, magadh vansh, anu vansh, drahyu vansh, turvasu vansh aur yadu vansh adi ka varnan prapt hota hai. ram, sita adi ka bhi vistar se vishleshan kiya gaya hai. unake adarshoan ki vyakhya bhi ki gee hai.
- REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean
dasham skandh
[[chitr:Jarasandh1.jpg|bhim-jarasandh yuddh
Bheem-Jarasandh Combat|thumb]]
yah skandh do khandoan- 'poorvarddh' aur 'uttarardh' mean vibhajit hai. is skandh mean shrikrishna charitr vistarapoorvak hai. prasiddh 'ras panchadhyayi' bhi isamean prapt hoti hai. 'poorvarddh' ke adhyayoan mean shrikrishna ke janm se lekar akroor ji ke hastinapur jane tak ki katha hai. 'uttarardh' mean jarasandh se yuddh, dvarakapuri ka nirman, rukmini haran, shrikrishna ka grihasth dharm, shishupal vadh adi ka varnan hai.
yah skandh poori tarah se shrikrishna lila se bharapoor hai. isaka prarambh vasudev devaki ke vivah se prarambh hota hai. bhavishyavani, kans dvara devaki ke balakoan ki hatya, krishna ka janm, krishna ki bal lilaean, gopalan, kans vadh, akroor ji ki hastinapur yatra, jarasandh se yuddh, dvaraka palayan, dvaraka nagari ka nirman, rukmini se vivah, pradyumn ka janm, shambasur vadh, syamantak mani ki katha, jaanbavati aur satyabhama se krishna ka vivah, usha-aniruddh ka prem prasang, banasur ke sath yuddh tatha raja nrig ki katha adi ke prasang ate haian. isi skandh mean krishna-sudama ki maitri ki katha bhi di gee hai.
ekadash skandh
ekadash skandh mean raja janak aur nau yogiyoan ke sanvad dvara bhagavan ke bhaktoan ke lakshan ginae ge haian. brahmavetta dattatrey maharaj yadu ko upadesh dete hue kahate haian ki prithvi se dhairy, vayu se santosh aur nirliptata, akash se aparichhinnata, jal se shuddhata, agni se nirliptata evan maya, chandrama se kshan-bhangurata, soory se jnan grahakata tatha tyag ki shiksha grahan karani chahie. age uddhav ko shiksha dete hue aththarah prakar ki siddhiyoan ka varnan kiya gaya hai. isake bad eeshvar ki vibhootiyoan ka ullekh karate hue varnashram dharm, jnan yog, karmayog aur bhaktiyog ka varnan hai.
dvadash skandh
is skandh mean raja parikshit ke bad ke rajavanshoan ka varnan bhavishyakal mean kiya gaya hai. isaka sar yah hai ki 138 varsh tak raja pradyotan, phir shishunag vansh ke das raja, maury vansh ke das raja 136 varsh tak, shuang vansh ke das raja 112 varsh tak, kanv vansh ke char raja 345 varsh tak, phir andhr vansh ke tis raja 456 varsh tak rajy kareange. isake bad amir, gardabhi, kad, yavan, turk, gurund aur maun rajaoan ka rajy hoga. maun raja 300 varsh tak aur shesh raja ek hazar ninyanave varsh tak rajy kareange. isake bad valhik vansh aur shoodroan tatha mlechchhoan ka rajy ho jaega. dharmik aur adhyatmik kriti ke alava shuddh sahityik evan aitihasik kriti ke roop mean bhi yah puran atyant mahattvapoorn hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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