गुनाहों का देवता -धर्मवीर भारती (समीक्षा-1)
gunahoan ka devata -dharmavir bharati (samiksha-1)
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| lekhak | dharmavir bharati | |
| mool shirshak | gunahoan ka devata | |
| prakashak | bharatakosh par sankalit | |
| desh | bharat | |
| prishth: | 80 | |
| bhasha | hindi | |
| vishay | gunahoan ka devata ki samiksha se ju de alekh | |
| tippani | alekh sankalak: ashok kumar shukla | |
gunahoan ka devata: 50 baras: sau sanskaran
- alekh
- premachand gaandhi
hiandi mean agar sahity ki lokapriy kitaboan ki bat ki jae to dharmavir bharati ka upanyas ‘gunahoan ka devata’ shirsh das pustakoan mean hoga. bharat ki vibhinn bhashaoan mean isake sau ke qarib sanskaran prakashit ho chuke haian aur yuva varg mean aj bhi yah khasi lokapriy kitab hai. is lokapriyata ka karan agar isaki behad romaantik prem kahani hai to isake baraks prem ka ek udatt aur balidani svaroop bhi hai. is upanyas ki jitani lokapriyata hai use dekhate hue kaha ja sakata hai ki hiandi mean isase jyada lokapriy upanyas ki charcha kareange to ek ke bad ek kee nam ate chale jaeange aur bavajood isake ‘gunahoan ka devata’ ki pasandagi apani jagah kayam rahegi. is pasandagi ke karan juda ho sakate hai, lekin bahut se aise log bhi mil jaeange jo ek khas vakt mean ise pasand karate the, lekin ab yah unhean nahian roochata. khud dharmavir bharati hi is bat ko kabhi nahian samajh pae ki isaki apar lokapriyata ke pichhe kya karan rahe.
- prem ka nishchhal roop urph pletonik lav ki avadharana
jab yah upanyas prakashit hua tab poore desh mean adarshavad ki jabardast dhoom thi. chhathe dashak ki kisi bhi kala sanskriti ki vidha ko le lijie har taraph adarshavad hi dikhaee deta hai. svatantrata prapti ke lagabhag turant bad ke is paridrishhy mean ek ajib kism ka josh aur junoon tha jisamean bahut kam log the jo aangrejoan se mukti ke mohabhang ko yatharth mean chitrit kar rahe the. neharooyugin ashavad ka ek jom tha, jisamean poora desh bah raha tha. dharmavir bharati bhi us paridrishhy ke hi ek patr aur kalakar the. ve usase alag kaise rah sakate the? ajadi ke bad ke is kalakhand mean jo mahatvapoorn kitabean samane aeean unamean se adhikaansh mean atmabalidan ko lekar ek vichitr kism ka vyamoh tha. har koee kuraban hona chahata tha, lekin kisi ko pata nahian tha ki kis par kurban hona hai. koee apani kala par kurban tha to koee apani premika par aur baki sab kisi na kisi makasad ko lekar. balidani hone ki kamana koee buri bat nahian, lekin dikkat tab hoti hai jab apake samane koee thos adarsh nahian ho. yah upanyas usi daur ki katha hai jisamean adarsh ka koee ek svaroop nahian tha aur sachchaee yah bhi hai ki yatharth mean adarsh ka koee ek manak aur thos roop ho bhi nahian sakata. aur prem mean to adarsh vakt ke sath bahut tezise badalate rahate haian. isalie bharati ji ke yuvavastha mean likhe is upanyas mean ek yootopiyaee prem hai. do yuva diloan ke bich panapane vala avyakt kism ka prem, jise donoan janate to haian, par anajan bhi bane rahate haian aur ek doosare ko bas kisi prakar sukhi dekhana chahate haian. jise aangreji mean pletonik lav kahate haian, jisamean daihik sanbandh ke bina apane prem ka charam roop do premi dikhana chahate haian. chandar aur sudha aise hi premi haian.
- bholi nayika ka adarsh banam prektikal eesaee ladaki
sudha ke roop mean dharmavir bharati ne ek masoom, chanchal, shokh aur bholi nayika ka adarsh charitr gadha, jisake lie chandar apane apako balidan kar deta hai. isake baraks bharati ji ne pammi ke roop mean ek vyavaharik yuvati ka charitr racha, jo ek ajad khayal yuvati hai, lekin usake bhi apane adarsh haian. vah bhi deh se pare ke prem ko mahatv deti hai. lekin chandar aur pammi ki pahali romaantik mulakat ko bharati ji is vaky se khatm kar bahut kuchh kah dete haian, jo drishhy mean nahian kaha ja sakata tha. ‘pammi uthi, vah bhi utha. baans ka machan hila. laharoan mean harakat huee. karo doan sal se alag aur pavitr sitare hile, apas mean takarae aur choor-choor hokar bikhar ge.’ pammi ka adarsh prem aur chandar ki pavitrata kya is vaky mean toot kar bikharate nahian dikhaee dete. aant mean jakar chandar sudha ke samane svikar bhi karata hai, jab vah kahata hai, ‘lekin tumase ek bat nahian chhipauanga. vah yah ki aise bhi kshan ae haian jab pammi ke samarpan ne mere man ki sari katuta dho di hai...’ pammi ke prem ka phalasapha yah hai ki adarshavadi pyar ki pratikriya seks ki hi pyas mean hoti hai. chandar ko likhe apane aantim patr mean pammi kahati bhi hai, ‘maian janati thi ki ham donoan ke sanbandhoan mean praranbh se itani vichitrataean thian ki ham donoan ka sanbandh sthayi nahian rah sakata tha, phir bhi jin kshanoan mean ham donoan ek hi toophan mean phans ge the, ve kshan mere lie mooly nidhi raheange.’
- madhyavarg ki dhulamul manasikata aur prem ka yatharth
anirnay nimn madhy varg ki charitrik visheshata hai, jise chandar ke vyaktitv mean bakhoobi dekha ja sakata hai. prem mean samarpan aur balidan mean se usane balidan ko chuna aur is chunav ne do yuvaoan ko door kar diya. vah behad pratibhashali hai, sudha ke pita use pasand bhi karate haian, lekin do bhinn jatiyoan ke bich kaise ek sanbandh vivah tak pahuanch sakata hai? is par sudha ke pita ka maun bahut kuchh kah deta hai. ve bhi to usi madhyavargiy manasikata ke shikar haian, jo chhathe dashak mean ek adarsh samaj ki parikalpana mean samajik jivan mean koee badalav nahian chahata tha. yatharth mean ghat rahe prem ko anadekha kar adarshavadi aur ajnakari bana rahana is upanyas ke tamam patroan ki charitrik vivashata hai. prem ka adarsh svaroop kya ho is par har kalakhand mean bahas chalati rahati hai. dharmavir bharati ke is upanyas ki lokapriyata ke bahut se karanoan mean sanbhavatah yah sabase mahatvapoorn karak hai, ki is upanyas mean yuva man, prem aur seks ko lekar pahali bar itani khulakar charcha ki gee, jisamean samajik bandhanoan ke sath ek adarshavadi prem ko hi aantim saty ke taur par pratishthit kiya gaya. isilie samany ghar-parivaroan mean mata-pita ne is upanyas ko apane apani santanoan ke lie varjit nahian kiya. manushy ko vaise bhi adarsh achchhe lagate haian, isalie ‘gunahoan ka devata’ har kal mean pasand kiya gaya aur kiya jata rahega.
- devadas ka shakahari sanskaran
jin logoan ne is upanyas ko apani yuvavastha mean padha, unhean bis-tis baras bad agar yah upanyas padhane ko diya jae to adhikaansh ko isamean ek vichitr bachakanapan najar ata hai. khud bharati ji bhi ise kalatmak roop se aparipakv upanyas manate the. isamean bahut se aise vivaran haian, jinhean agar hata diya jae to bhi isaki kathavastu par koee phark nahian p dega. upanyas mean kee jagah ati bhavukata hai, kora adarshavad hai. mere jaise kee pathakoan ko yah sharat chandr ke ‘devadas’ ka shakahari sanskaran lagata hai. jahaan devadas prem mean nakam hokar sharab ki sharan mean jata hai yani ek bhatakav mean jita hai, vahian chandar bhi anirnay mean bhatakata hai. paro ki tarah sudha bhi apane prem ke lie kuchh nahian kar pa sakane ke lie vivash hai aur aant mean dam to d deti hai. chandramukhi ki tarah pammi chandar ko rah par lane ki koshish mean khud apane pati ke pas chali jati hai. devadas aur chandar mean phark itana hai ki devadas ki bhaanti chandar atmahanta banane ke bajay suvidhajanak rah par chalate hue binati ke sath ziandagi gujarane ke lie chal deta hai. ek philmi kism ka samapan hota hai, jisamean aant mean sudha ki mrityu ke bad sab apani rah par sukhi jivan jine ke lie chal p date haian aur in sabake pas ek adarsh bhari duniya ka svapn hai.
- ek na ban saki philm
is upanyas ki lokapriyata ko bhunane ka ek philmi prayas bhi hua. amitabh bachchan aur rekha ko lekar ek philm ka nirman shuru hua tha ‘ek tha chandar ek thi sudha’ ke nam se. yah hiandi sinema ka durbhagy hi hai ki sahityik kritiyoan par banane vali philmean prayah adhabich mean hi dam to d deti haian. is philm ke sath bhi yahi hua, kuchh rilean banian aur phir philm dibbe mean band ho gee. isaki shootiang ilahabad mean huee thi, jisamean amitabh par ilahabad mean saikil chalane ke drishhy philmae ge the. ek poora gana bhi raphi ki avaj mean rikard kiya gaya tha, jise bad mean adhoori philmoan ke tuk de jo dakar banaee gee ‘philm hi philm’ shirshak philm mean istemal kiya gaya.
(yah alekh jayapur se prakashit 'deli nhyooz' ke ravivariy parishishht 'ham log' mean 20 disanbar, 2009 ko prakashit hua.)
- age padhane ke lie gunahoan ka devata-2 par jaean
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh