देवानंद
| chitr:Icon-edit.gif | is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav" |
b aaulivud mean kitane hi nayakoan ka daur aya aur gaya. dilip kumar hoan ya rajesh khanna sabaka ek daur tha. yahaan tak ki ab amitabh bachchan ka daur bhi logoan ko dhalata najar ata hai lekin b aaulivud ki duniya mean ek aisa abhineta bhi hai jisane khud ko kabhi umr ke bandhan mean bandhane nahian diya aur vah hai sadabahar abhineta dev anand (dev anand / devanand). log unhean evaragrin dev sahab kah kar pukarate haian. sadabahar devanand ka jalava ab bhi barakarar hai. vakt ki karavatean unaki hasti par apani silavatean nahian chho d paeean. chhah dashak se adhik samay tak rupahale parade par raj karane vale devanand sahab ka 26 sitanbar ko janmadin panata hai.
bharatiy sinema mean do pidhiyoan tak lagatar hiro bane rahane vale kalakar ke vishay mean yadi vichar karean to keval ek hi name ubharata hai aur vah hai dev anand. kabhi apani ek philm mean unhoanne ek git gunagunaya tha 'maian jiandagi ka sath nibhata chala gaya har phikr ko dhuane mean u data chala gaya' aur shayad yahi git unake jivan ko sabase achchhi tarah paribhashit bhi karata hai. dev anand ke nam hiandi sine jagat ke akash mean stail guru banakar jagamagata hai.
devanand ka jivan
b aaulivud-sadabahar hiro dev anand ka poora nam dharmadev pishaurimal anand hai. dev anand jo ki bharatiy sinema ke mahan kalakar, nirmata v nirdeshak haian ka janm avibhajit panjab ke guradasapur zile (jo ab naroval jila, pikastan mean hai) mean 26 sitanbar, 1923 ko ek madhyam vargiy parivar mean aur prasidhd vakil kishorimal anand namak ek sanpann adhivakta ke ghar hua tha. unaka bachapan ka nam dharmadev pishaurimal anand (devadatt pishorimal) tha. unaka bachapan pareshaniyoan se ghira raha. bachapan se hi unaka jhukav apane pita ke peshe vakalat ki or n hokar abhinay ki or tha. ek vakil aur ajadi ke lie l dane vale pishorimal ke ghar paida hone vale dev ne raddi ki dukan se jab baboorav patel dvara sampadit philm iandiya ke purane aank padhe to un ki aankhoan ne philmoan mean kam karane ka sapana dekh dala aur vah maya nagari mumbee ke saphar par nikal pane. unhoanne aangreji sahity mean apani snatak ki shiksha 1942 mean lahaur (ki ab pakistan mean hai) ke mashahoor gavarnameant k aaulej se poori ki. is k aaulej ne philm aur sahity jagat ko balaraj sahani, chetan anand, bi. ar. chop da aur khushavant sianh jaise shakhsiyatean di haian. isake bad ve uchch shiksha hasil karana chahate the lekin pita ke pas itane paise nahian the. dev anand ko apani pahali naukari militri sensar aauphis (armi karespaandeans seansar dipartameant) mean ek lipik ke taur par mili jahaan unhean sainikoan dvara likhi chitthiyoan ko unake parivar ke logoan ko padh kar sunana p data tha. is kam ke lie dev anand ko 165 roopaye masik vetan ke roop mean mila karata tha jisamean se 45 roopaye vah apane parivar ke kharch ke lie bhej diya karate the. lagabhag ek varsh tak militri sensar mean naukari karane ke bad aur parivar ki kamajor arthik sthiti ko dekhate hue vah 30 roope jeb mean le kar pita ke muanbee jakar kam n karane ki salah ke viparit dev apane bhaee chetan anand ke sath phrantiyar mel se 1943 mean muanbee pahuanch gaye. chetan anand us samay bharatiy jan natay sangh ipta se ju de hue the. unhoanne dev anand ko bhi apane sath ipta mean shamil kar liya. dev anand (aur unake chhote bhaee vijay anand) ko philmoan mean lane ka shrey unake b de bhaee chetan anand ko jata hai. dev ne ye sapane mean bhi n socha hoga ki kamiyabi itani jaldi unake kadam choomegi magar ye tis rupe rang lae aur jaean to jaean kahaan ka rag alapane vale dev anand ko maya nagari mumbee mean ashiyana mil gaya. gayak banane ka sapana lekar muanbee pahuanche devanand abhineta ban ge. devanand ke bhaee, chetan anand aur vijay anand bhi bharatiy sinema mean saphal nirdeshak rahe haian. unaki bahan shil kaanta kapoor prasiddh philm nirdeshak shekhar kapoor ki maan hai.
devanand ka kॅriyar
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filmi duniya mean qadam rakhane ke bad unaka nam simat kar ho gaya devanand. dev anand ko abhineta ke roop mean pahala brek 1946 mean prabhat stoodiyo ki philm ‘ham ek haian’ se mila. lekin is philm ke asaphal hone se vah darshakoan ke bich apani pahachan nahian bana sake. is philm ke nirman ke dauran prabhat stoodiyo mean unaki mulakat bad ke mashahoor philm nirmata-nirdeshak guroodatt se huee jo un dinoan philmi duniya mean koriyographar ke roop mean sthan banane ke lie sangharsharat the. vahaan donoan ki dosti huee aur ek sath sapane dekhate in donoan dostoan ne apas mean ek vada kiya ki agar guroodatt film nirdeshak baneange to ve dev ko abhineta ke roop mean leange aur agar dev nirmata baneange to gurudatt ko nirdeshak ke roop mean leange.
varsh 1948 mean pradarshit philm 'jiddi' (1948) mean abhiऩetri kamini kaushal ke sath dev anand ke philmi kॅriyar ki pahali hit philm sabit huee. jiddi ne dev anand ko nee ooanchaiyaan dilayi. is philm ki kamayabi ke bad unhoanne philm nirman ke kshetr mean kadam rakh diya. sanh 1949 mean unhoanne 'navaketan' bainar nam se svayan ki philm nirman sanstha khol li aur usake aantargat sal dar sal philmean banane mean saphal huye. navaketan ke bainar tale unhoanne varsh 1950 mean apani pahali philm aphasar ka nirman kiya jisake nirdeshan ki jimmedari unhoanne apane b de bhaee chetan anand ko sauanpi. is philm ke lie unhoanne us jamane ki jani mani abhinetri suraiya ka chayan kiya jabaki abhineta ke roop mean dev anand khud hi the. halaanki film b aauks aaufis par koee karishma nahian dikha paee. isake bad unaka dhyan guroodatt ko kie ge vayade ki taraph gaya. aur sanh 1951 mean unhoanne apani agali philm 'baji' ke nirdeshan ki jimmedari guroodatt ko sauanp di. philm suparahit huee aur donoan dostoan ki kismat chamak gee. film bazi ki kahani balaraj sahani ne likhi thi. baji philm ki saphalata ke bad dev anand philm iandastri mean ek achchhe abhineta ke roop mean shumar hone lage. dev yahian se dilip kumar aur rajakumar ki qatar mean ja kh de hue aur is trimoorti ne lanbe samay tak hiandi filmi duniya par raj kiya. jal, rahi, aandhiyaan, (1952), patita (1953), v any philmoan ke sath shn 1954 mean abhinetri kalpana kartik ke sath aee philm "taiksi draeevhar" b di hit philm thi.
dev anand ki munim ji (1955), dushman, kala bajar, si.aee.di. (1956), peiang gest (1957), gaimbalar, tere ghar ke samane, kala pani, lav et taims skvair, ham naujavan, desh parades, tere mere sapane, hare rama hare krishnaa, j aauni mera nam, jvailathif, ham donoan (1961), bat ek rat ki, asali nakali, maya, roop ki rani choroan ka raja, bambee ka baboo, lav mairij, dushman, taiksi draivar, nau do gyarah, phantoosh, bazi bemisal, p aauketamar, jab pyar kisi se hota hai, hira panna, banarasi baboo, joshila chhoopa rustam, shariph badamash, ishk ishk, amir garib, varant, saheb bahadoor, desh-paradesh, lootamar, tin devianya aur gaid ityadi prasidhd philmean rahi haian. isake alava bhi unhone aneankoan philmoan mean kam kiya aur abhi bhi ve philm bana rahe haian.
dev anand aur gurudatt
isake bad dev anand ne guroodatt ke nirdeshan mean varsh 1952 mean philm jal mean bhi abhinay kiya. is philm ke nirdeshan ke bad guroodatt ne yah phaisala kiya ki vah keval apani nirmit philmoan ka nirdeshan kareange. bad mean dev anand ne apani nirmit philmoan ke nirdeshan ki jimmedari apane chhote bhaee vijay anand ko sauanp di. vijay anand ne dev anand ki kee philmoan ka nirdeshan kiya. in philmoan mean kalabajar, tere ghar ke samane, gaid, tere mere sapane, chhupa roostam pramukh haian.
dev anand prakhyat upanyasakar ar. ke. narayan se kaphi prabhavit raha karate the aur unake upanyas gaid par philm banana chahate the. ar. ke. narayanan ki svikriti ke bad dev anand ne h aaulivud ke sahayog se isi nam se ek philm banaee jisaka nirdeshan kiya tha unake chhote bhaee vijay anand (goldi) ne kiya tha, jo khud bhi ek abhineta the tatha hiroeen vahida rahaman thi. hindi aur aangreji donoan bhashaoan mean philm gaid ka nirman kiya jo dev anand ke sine kॅriyar ki pahali rangin philm thi. is philm ne alochakoan ko bahut prabhavit kiya. gaid ka pradarshan sanh 1965 mean hone ke bad unaka nam hi p d gaya rajoo gaid jo yuvaoan mean bahut lokapriy hua. is philm ke lie dev anand ko unake jabardast abhinay ke lie sarvashreshth abhineta ka philm pheyar puraskar bhi diya gaya. yah philm abhi bhi hindi sinema ki sarvashreshth nirdeshit v sampadit philmoan mean se ek mani jati hai. varsh 1970 mean philm prem pujari ke sath dev anand ne nirdeshan ke kshetr mean bhi kadam rakh diya. halaanki yah philm b aauks aauphis par buri tarah se nakar di gee bavajood isake unhoanne himmat nahian hari. isake bad varsh 1971 mean philm 'hare rama hare krishnaa' ka bhi nirdeshan kiya jisamean 'dam maro dam' git ne dhoom machaee. is film ke kamayabi ke bad devanand ko ek behatarin nirdeshak ke roop mean sthapit kar diya aur unhoanne apani kee philmoan ka nirdeshan bhi kiya. is film ke zarie unhoanne yuva pidhi ko rashtraprem ke lie pukara. in philmoan mean hira panna, desh parades, lootamar, svami dada, sachche ka bolabala, avval nanbar, lav et taims skvair, maian solah baras ki, gaiangastar aur ham naujavan jaisi philmean shamil haian. dev anand ne kee philmoan ki patakatha bhi likhi. jisamean varsh 1952 mean pradarshit philm aandhiyaan ke alava hare rama hare krishnaa, ham naujavan, avval nanbar, pyar ka tarana (1993 mean), gaiangestar, maian solah baras ki, sensar adi philmean shamil haian. is ke alava bataur nirmata 1998 mean maian solah baras ki aur 1993 mean pyar ka tarana lekar samane aai.
devanand aur nee abhinetriyaan
devanand ek samay bad nee abhinetriyoan ko parde par utarane ke lie mashahoor ho ge. hare rama hare krishnaa ke zarie unhoanne zinat aman ki khoj ki aur tina munim, natasha sinha v ekata jaisi abhinetriyoan ko maidan mean utarane ka shrey bhi dev sahab ko hi jata hai. bad mean jinat aman ko raj kapoor ka sath mil gaya aur ye bat devanand ko achchhi nahian lagi. philm nirman mean utare devanand ne kee nee pratibhaoan tina munim se lekar tabboo tak ka philmi duniya se sakshatkar karaya. unhoanne paanch dashakoan mean suraiya, gitabali, madhubala, mina kumari, nootan, vaijantimala, mumataj, hema malini, vahida rahaman se lekar madhubala aur jinat aman tak sabhi utkrisht nayikaoan ke sath abhinay kiya aur har abhinetri ke sath unaki jo di ko khoob saraha gaya. aj bhi vah nee abhinetriyoan ki talash mean haian aur film banane ka unaka shauq jari hai. abhinetri hema malini ke sath kee philmean ki.
hal ke saloan mean devanand apani prodakshan kanpani 'navaketan' ke tale kee philmean banane mean vyast haian. vah lagatar apane bainar ke tale philmean bana rahe haian jisake lid hiro vah khud hi hote haian. navaketan bainar tale unhoanne hal ke saloan mean 'hare rama hare krishnaa', 'avval nanbar' jaisi suparahit philmean di haian.
gregari pek se samanata
graigari paik ke abhinay se prerit hokar devanand philmoan mean kam karane ke uddeshy se apana nagar chho dakar philm nagari mean aye the. devanand ko kee log h aaulivud ke mashahoor abhineta gregari pek se bhi jo d kar dekhate haian. bharatiy darshakoan ko apane chahete abhineta devanand mean gregari pek ki jhalak nazar aee aur ve unake divane ho ge. devanand ke baloan ka stail, chalane, bolane ka tariqa sab mean gregari pek ki jhalak milati thi. muanbee film jagat mean ek qissa mashahoor hai. abhinetri suraiya gregari pek ki anany prashansak thian. yahaan tak ki unaka nam devanand ke sath bhi ju dane laga tha aur log kahate the ki isaki vajah yahi thi ki vah unamean gregari pek ko dhooandhati thian.
devanand aur romaans
dev anand apani khas stail ke lie jane jate haian. unhoanne apane kiradaroan mean naujavanoan ki umangoan, tarangoan aur chanchalata ko bahut hi khoobasoorat aandaj se pesh kiya hai. dev anand adarshavad aur vyavaharavad mean nahian ulajhate aur n hi un ka kiradar prem ki nakamiyoan se do-char hota hai. apani adakaraoan ke sath chhe dakhani, shararat aur phlart karane vala am naujavan dev ka nayak raha. dev ne apane kiradaroan mean javani ke har mausam ka lutph liya. javani ke tamam dabe-kuchale aramanoan ko poore ras ke sath jiya aur naujavanoan ke chahete ban ge.
kahate haian b aaulivud mean agar koee asali romaantik hiro hai to vah haian sirph devanand. na sirph parde par balki asal jiandagi mean bhi devanand ki dillagi ka koee sani nahian hai. naujavanoan ke jazbat ko parade par pesh karane vale khoobasoorat dev hamesha hi khoobasoorat ladakiyoan se ghire rahe. hazaroan diloan ki dh dakan rahe dev hasinaoan ka sapana ban chuke the. abhinetriyoan ke sath apane romaans ko lekar bhi ve charcha mean rahe. chahe suraiya ho ya jinat aman donoan ke sath unake prem ke charche khoob am hue. khud devanand bhi manate haian ki suraiya unaka pahala prem thian aur jinat ko bhi vah pasand karate the. yahi nahian suraiya bhi dev ki divani thi. 1948 mean bani ‘vidya’ philm ki nayika suraiya thi. philm aphasar ke nirman ke dauran dev anand ka jhukav philm gayika-abhinetri suraiya ki or ho gaya tha. isake set par hi donoan mean pyar hua. ek gane ki shootiang ke dauran dev anand aur suraiya ki nav pani mean palat gee jisamean unhoanne suraiya ko doobane se bachaya. isake bad suraiya dev anand se beiantaha mohabbat karane lagian lekin suraiya ki dadi ki ijajat n milane par yah jo di paravan nahian chadh saki. 1951 tak donoan ne sat philmoan mean sath kam kiya. magar aphasos donoan ke sath rahane ka khvab poora na ho saka. dev ne apane toote pyar ka ijahar kee bar kiya hai. bad ke varsh 1954 mean ‘taiksi draivar’ ki hiroin mona yane kalpana kartik se philm ke set par dev anand ka shadi ho gee. magar suraiya ne dev ke alava kisi aur ko gavara na kiya aur unaki yad mean ajivan vivah nahian kiya. 50 sal bad dev anand ne svikar kiya ki unaka dil hamesha suraiya ke lie dh dakata rahata tha. varsh 2005 mean jab suraiya ka nidhan hua to devanand un logoan mean se ek the jo unake janaje ke sath the.
devanand ke janadar aur shanadar abhinay ki badaulat parade par jivant akar lene vali prem kahaniyoan ne lakhoan yuvaoan ke diloan mean prem ki laharean paida kian lekin khud devanand is lihaj se jiandagi mean kaphi pareshaniyoan se gujare. unhean sadabahar abhineta kah kar pukara gaya to vah bhi yoan hi nahian tha. unhoanne jin abhinetriyoan ke sath nayak ke roop mean kam kiya tha kuchh varshoan pahale tak ve unaki potiyoan ke sath bhi usi bhoomika mean dekhe ge.
dev anand ka rajanitik aur samajik roop
dev anand philm jagat ke un gine chune logoan mean shamil haian jo rajanitik aur samajik roop se bhi sakriy haian. sanh 1977 ke sansadiy chunavoan ke dauran unhoanne apane samarthakoan ke sath milakar iandira gaandhi ka jamakar virodh kiya. ullekhaniy hai ki us samay sine jagat ki adhikaansh hastiyoan ne chuppi sadh rakhi thi.
devanand ka niji jivan
devanand ne kalpana kartik ke sath shadi ki thi lekin unaki shadi adhik samay tak saphal nahian ho saki. donoan sath rahe lekin bad mean kalpana ne ekaki jivan ko gale laga liya. any philmi abhinetaoan ki tarah devanand ne bhi apane bete sunil anand ko philmoan mean sthapit karane ke lie bahut prayas kie lekin saphal nahian ho sake.
kuchh varsh pahale apane janmadin ke avasar par hi unhoanne 'romaansiang vid laiph' nam se apani jivani bajar mean utari thi. amataur par mashahoor hastiyoan ki jivaniyoan ke prasang vivadoan ka vishay banate haian lekin unaki jivani har arth mean bedag rahi bilkul unake jivan ki tarah.
dev anand ne ek bar apani nirantar sakriyata ke bare mean kaha tha ki ve sapane dekhate haian aur phir unhean parde par ukerate haian bina hit ya phl aaup ki paravah kie. in arthoan mean ve sachche karmayogi haian. dev anand shatayu hoan aur jiandadili bikherate rahean yahi unake prashansakoan ki kamana hai.
devanand ka stail
dev anand ko rajesh khanna se bhi pahale sinema ka pahala ch aaukaleti nayak hone ka gaurav mila. dev anand ki lokapriyata ka alam ye tha ki unhoanne jo bhi pahana, jo bhi kiya vo ek stail mean tabdil ho gaya. phir chahe vo unaka baloan par hath pherane ka aandaj ho ya kali kamij ki pahanane ka ya phir apani anoothi shaili mean jaldi-jaldi sanvad bolane ka. munim ji (1955), phantush, siaeedi (1956), peiangagest (1957) ne unhe saphalatam stayalis star bana diya. inaki jhook kar chalane ki ada, ek svaans me lambe dayalaang bolana aur tirachhe hokar sir hilana unaka tredamark ban gaya.
apane daur ke sabase saphal abhineta devanand apane kale kot ki vajah se bahut surkhiyoan mean ae the. bat us samay ki hai jab devanand apane alag aandaj aur bolane ke tarike ke lie kaphi mashahoor the. unake saphed kamij aur kale kot ke phaishan ko to janata ne jaise apana hi bana liya tha aur isi samay ek aisa vakaya bhi dekhane ko mila jab nyayalay ne unake kale kot ko pahan kar ghoomane par pabandi laga di. vajah thi kuchh ladakiyoan ka unake kale kot ke prati asakti ke karan atmahatya kar lena. divanagi mean do-char ladakiyoan ne jan de di. isase ek bat saph thi ki devanand ka kiradar ho ya unaka pahanava hamesha sadabahar hi raha.
dev anand ko mile puraskar
dev anand, dilip kumar aur raj kapoor ke 1950 dashak ke b de star rahe haian. dev anand ko apane abhinay ke lie do bar film feyar puraskar se sammanit kiya ja chuka hai. dev anand ko sabase pahala film feyar puraskar varsh 1958 mean pradarshit philm kala pani ke lie diya gaya. isake bad varsh 1965 mean bhi dev anand philm gaid ke lie sarvashreshth abhineta ke film feyar puraskar se sammanit kie ge. sanh 1991 mean dev anand ko philmapheyar purashkar mila. varsh 2001 mean dev anand ko bharat sarakar ki or se kala kshetr (philm jagat mean yogadan) mean padm bhooshan samman prapt hua. varsh 2002 mean unake dvara hindi sinema mean mahatvapoorn yogadan ko dekhate hue unhean dada sahab phalke puraskar se sammanit kiya gaya.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh