लॉर्ड कर्ज़न

lard elgin ke bad 1899 ee. mean lard karzan bharat ka vayasaray banakar aya. bharat ka vayasaray banane ke poorv bhi karzan char bar bharat a chuka tha. bharat mean vayasaray ke roop mean usaka karyakal kafi uthal-puthal ka raha hai. karzan ke vishay mean pi. rabartas ne likha hai ki bharat mean kisi any vayasaray ko apana pad sambhalane se poorv bharat ki samasyaoan ka itana thik jnan nahian tha jitana ki lard karzan ko. karzan ne janamanas ki akaankshaoan ki poornaroop se avahelana karate hue bharat mean british hukoomat ko patthar ki chattan par kh da karane ka prayas kiya.

karzan ke mahattvapoorn sudhar is prakar hai:-

pulis sudhar

'pulis sudhar' ke antargat karzan ne 1902 ee. mean sar endrayoo frezar ki adhyakshata mean ek pulis ayog ki sthapana ki. 1903 ee. mean prastut apani riport mem ayog ne pulis vibhag ki alochana karate hue kaha ki yah vibhag poornat: aksham, prashikshan se rahit, bhrasht evan damanakari hai.

shiksha sudhar

shaikshik sudharoan ke antargat karzan ne 1902 ee. mean sar tamas raile ki adhyakshata mean vishvavidyalay ayog ka gathan kiya. ayog dvara diye ge sujhavoan ke adhar par bharatiy vishvavidyalay adhiniyam, 1904 parit kiya gaya.

arthik sudhar

arthik sudharoan ke antargat karzan ne 1899-1900 ee. mean p de akal v sookhe ki sthiti ke vishleshan ke lie sar entani maikad aaunal ki adhyakshata mean ek akal ayog ki niyukti ki. ayog ne kaha ki akal sahayata v anudan mean di gee sahayata par anavashyak bal diya gaya. ayog ne kaha ki kary karane mean saksham logoan ko unake kary mean hi sahayog karana chahie.

sainik sudhar

sainik sudhar ke antargat karzan ne senapati kichanar ke sahayog se sena ka punargathan kiya. bharatiy sena ko uttari v dakshini kamanoan mean baanta gaya.

kalakatta nigam adhiniyam

karzan ne 'kalakatta nigam adhiniyam 1899' ke dvara chune jane vale sadasyoan ki sankhya mean kami kar di, parantu nigam evan usaki samitiyoan mean aangrez logoan ki sankhya badha di gee. parinam yah hua ki kalakatta nagar nigam matr ek aianglo-indiyan sabha ke roop mean hi rah gaya. 28 chune gaye sadasyoan dvara isaka virodh karane par bhi karzan vichalit nahian hua aur 1903 ee. mean ek bhoj ke dauran apane udgar mean kaha, mai vayasaray pad se nivritt hone ke pashchatt kalakatta nagar nigam ka mahapaur hona pasand karuanga.

prachin smarak sanrakshan adhiniyam

'prachin smarak sanrakshan adhiniyam, 1904' ke dvara karzan ne bharat mean pahali bar aitihasik imaratoan ki suraksha evan marammat ki or dhyan dete hue 50,000 paund ki dhanarashi ka abantan kiya. is kary ke lie karzan ne 'bharatiy puratattv vibhag' ki sthapana ki.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh