अरबी साहित्य

arabi sahity arabi sahity ki sarvapratham visheshata usaki chirakalikata hai. usane apane dirgh jivan mean vibhinn prakar ke utar-chadhav dekhe aur unnati evan avanati ki vibhinn avasthaoan ka anubhav kiya, tathapi is bich shrriankhalaean avichchhinn tatha paraspar sanbaddh rahian aur usaki shakti evan samarthy mean abhi tak koee aantar nahian aya.

(a) poorv-paigbaanr - kal (aranbh se sanh‌ 622 ee. tak) sabase pahala mo d, jisase arabi sahity prabhavit hua, islami kraanti hai. is adhar par sanh 622 ee. se usake jivan ka ek naya yug praranbh hua jab eeshvar ke sandeshavahak (rasoolullah) makka chho dakar madina chale ge. isase pahale ka kal islam ki paribhasha mean 'jahalat' ka yug kahalata hai aur aj hamean arabi sahity ki jo prachinatam pooanji upalabdh hai vah isi yug ki hai. yah lagabhag samast pooanji padyoan ke roop mean hi hai jo paanch aur adhikatar chhathi shatabdi eesavi ke arabi kaviyoan dvara prastut ki gee hai. chanki un dinoan arabi ke likhit roop ka prachalan nahian tha, at: ve pady shatabdiyoan tak kaviyoan ke kanthoan mean hi surakshit rahe aur vansh ki paranparagat maukhik nidhi bane rahe. tatpashchat 8vian tatha 9vian shatabdiyoan mean jab vidya tatha kala ka praranbh hua, inako vibhinn prakar se pustakoan mean ekatrit kar liya gaya.

ye hi kavitaeanan arabi sahity ke praranbhik udaharan haian. phir bhi ye usaki balyavastha ki parichayak nahian balki usaki praudhata ki soochak haian, ganbhir aur svasth. jab vidvan us yug ki kavita ke baankapan par drishtipat karate haian, tab chakit rah jate haian aur unako manana p data hai ki unaki yah saphaee aur raunak shatabdiyoan ke abhyas evan prayas ke bina prapt nahian huee hogi. parantu yah sab hua kis prakar, isaka vastavik jnan abhi hamako nahian hai. phir bhi isamean sandeh nahian ki muhammadapoorv ki kavita praudh hai. at: pratyek yug mean usake sauandary, gunoan tatha visheshataoan ko svikar kiya gaya hai aur aj bhi usaka man tatha gaurav many haian.

islam ke abhyuday se poorv arab mean kavita apani javani par thi. meloan tatha bajaroan mean kavisammelan pray: hua karate the. samaj mean kaviyoan ko b da adar prapt tha. at: jab koee naya kavi prasiddh hota tha tab usake kabile ki striyaanan ikatthi hokar utsav manati aur mangalagit gati thian. doosare kabile ke log us kavi ke kabilevaloan ko badhaee dete the, kyoanki kavi hi kabile ke mahanh‌ karyoan ka rakshak tatha usaki manamaryada ka nirikshak hota tha. yahi karan hai ki pray: kavi hi kabile ka adhyaksh hua karata tha. sandhi evan yuddh aur prasiddhi evan kalank kavi ke hi hath mean hote the. usaki ojapoorn kavitaean murajhae hridayoan mean utsah bhar deti thian aur madhur git aveshapoorn mastishkoan ko saantvana dete the. vah jisaki prashansa kar deta tha usaki prasiddhi badh jati thi aur jisaki buraee kar deta tha usako kahian muanh chhipane ko bhi sthan nahian milata tha.

kavita ka pradhan evan prachalit roop qasida tha. isi kshetr mean kavigan apana kaushalapradarshan karate the. isaka aranbh pray: is prakar hota hai mano kavi kisi yatra mean kuchh purane bhagnavasheshoan (khandaharoan) ke samane kh da hai jahaan usane pahale kabhi nivas kiya tha. yah dhang arab ke kaviyoan ke lie samastaroopen vastavik tatha samichin hai kyoanki arabanivasi sadaiv khanabadoshoan ki bhaanti charagahoan ki khoj mean chalate-phirate rahate the. kuchh dinoan tak ek sthan par nivas kar chukane ke bad ve vahaan se kooch kar dete the. is asthayi nivasakal mean vibhinn kabiloan mean mitrata tatha shatruta ki asankhy ghatanaean ghatit hoti thian. at: jab kabhi doosari bar us jagah se hokar ve gujarate the tab poorvasmritiyoan ka sianhavalokan svabhavik ho jata tha. at: un bhagnavasheshoan ko dekhate hi kavi ki aankhoan ke samane pichhali ghatanaoan ke chitr a jate the aur vah apani prem ki ghatanaoan tatha viyog ki avasthaoan ka varnan svat: karane lagata tha. is sanbandh mean vah apani premika ke sauandary tatha svabhav sanbandhi visheshataoan ka manohar chitr upasthit karata tha. phir mano vah apani yatra dobara aranbh kar deta tha aur retili paha diyoan, tiloan tatha any prakritik drishyoan ke varnan mean lin ho jata tha. usi samay vah apane gho de ya apani ooantani ki chal, diladaul tatha sahanashilata ki vishuddh prashansa karata tha. usaki shuturamurg, jangali bail ya doosare pashu se upama deta tha aur apani yatra evan bhraman tatha yuddh evan marakat ka varnan karata tha. usake bad apane aur kabile ke mahanh‌ karyoan aur uchchadarsho ka varnan b de gaurav ke sath karata tha. tatpashchath‌ yadi koee vishesh uddeshy usake samaksh hota tha to vah usaka bhi varnan karata tha. is prakar qasida ke yahi aang hote haian jinamean paraspar koee gahara lagav aur dridh sanbandh nahian hota. vah vibhijh prakar ke chhote b de motiyoan ke har ke saman hota hai jisamean ke kuchh moti b di sugamata se nikalakar doosare haroan mean piroe ja sakate haian.

yah yug ki kavita ki pramukh visheshata yah hai ki vah vastavikata ke bahut nikat hai. kaviyoan ne jo kuchh varnan kiya hai vah unaka yatharth anubhav tatha nirikshan hai. isilie is sanbandh mean yah kianvadanti hai ki 'al-sher divanul arab' arthath‌ kavita arab ka bhaandar hai. prakat hai ki is kavita ka arab ke prachin itihas ke nirman mean mahatvapoorn yogadan raha hai. us kal ke kuchh vishesh prasiddh kaviyoan ke nam haian--imroul-qais, juhair, tarafah, labid, amr-bin-kulasoom, aantarah, nabigha, haris bin hilijza aur ayasha.

(a) paiganbar ka yug- uchit uttaradhikarikal tatha umaiyyakal (sanh‌ 622 ee. se 750 tak). islam ke abhyuday ke pashchath‌ kuchh samay tak kavita ke kshetr mean bahut shithilata rahi, kyoanki araboan ka dhyan poornaroopen islami kraanti par keandrit raha. unaka utsah dharm ke prachar tatha deshoan ki vijay mean lag gaya. kavita ke prati unaka utsah dharm ke prachar tatha deshoan ki vijay mean lag gaya. kavita ke prati unaki upeksha ka ek b da karan yah bhi hua ki ab tak jo vastuean unako vishesh roop se prerit karanevali thian--jaise jatiy pakshapat, gotriy gaurav, dosharopan evan ghrina, ahankar, marakat, madyapan, dyootakri da ityadi-un sabako islam ne nishiddh ghoshit kar diya tha. isi se islam ke praranbhik samay ki jo sankshipt kavitaean milati haian unaka vishay 'jahalat ke yug' ki kavitaoan se bhinn hai. inamean islam ke virodhiyoan ki buraee ki gee hai aur rasoolullah ki prashansa tatha islam ka samarthan hua hai. islam ke siddhaantoan evan vicharadharaoan ka pratibianb bhi inapar paryapt matra mean drishtigochar hota hai. is kal ke kaviyoan mean hassan-bin-sabit (mri.sanh‌ 673 ee.) ka nam vishesh roop se ullekhaniy hai. rasoolullah ke pashchath‌ uchit-uttaradhikari-kal mean bhi kavita ki yahi avastha rahi. apake charoan uttaradhikari (khalifa), vidvanh‌ evan samast mahanubhav islam dharm ke siddhaantoan ke prachar tatha janasadharan ke acharan-sudhar mean jute rahe. unhoanne kavita ki or koee vishesh dhyan nahian diya.

phir jab sanh‌ 661 ee. mean umaiyya vansh ka raj damishk mean sthapit hua to kuchh aisi paristhitiyaan upasthit huee ki purana jatiy pakshapat phir jagrat ho gaya. asankhy rajanitik dal uth kh de hue aur ek doosare se buri tarah se ulajh ge. prayetk dal ne kavita ke shastr ka prayog kiya aur kaviyoan ko apani ichchhapoorti ka sadhan banaya. phalasvaroop kavita ka bajar ek bar phir garam ho gaya. parantu isaki samany shaili lagabhag vahi thi jo jahalat ke yug ki kavitaoan ki thi. itana avashy hai ki bhasha evan varnan mean kuchh mithas aur shishtata ki jhalak dikhaee jati hai. is kal ka pratyek kavi kisi-n-kisi dal ka samarthak tha jisaki prashansa mean vah apani poori kavitvashakti arpit kar deta tha. sath hi virodhiyoan par dosharopan karane mean bhi vah koee kasar nahian rakhata tha. isalie is kal ki adhikaansh kavitaoan ke varny prashansa evan dosharopan par adharit haian. akhtal (mri. sanh‌ 713 ee.) ki ganana pratham koti ke kaviyoan mean hoti hai. is yug ki ek vichitrata farajdaq aur jarir ki parasparik kavitapratidvandvita bhi hai jo itani prasiddh thi ki yuddhakshetr mean sainik bhi inhian dinoan ki kavita se sanbandhit vadavivad kiya karate the.

doosari or arab mean vishesh roop se gjaliya shayari (premakavitaoan) ka prachalan tha jisamean umar-bin-abi rabia (mri. sanh‌ 719 ee.)ka nam bahut prasiddh hai. kuchh premi kavi bhi bahut prasiddh hai; jaise jamil (mri. sanh‌ 701), jo busaina ka premi tha aur majanoo jo laila ka premi tha. inako kavitaean sauandary tatha prem ki sanvedanaoan evan ghatanaoan aur sanyog-viyog ke anubhavoan tatha avasthaoan se paripoorn haian aur unamean sanvaden, prabhav, sauandary, madhurata, manoharita evan manoranjakata bhi paryapt matra mean upalabdh hai.

(i) abbasi yug- (750 ee. se 1258 ee.tak)-yah kal pratyek drishtikon se svarnayug kahalane ka adhikari hai. isamean har prakar ki unnati apani charam sima ko pahuanch gee thi. khalipha se lekar janasadharan tak sab vidya tatha kalakaushal ko unnat banane mean tan man se lage hue the. bagdaad rajadhani ke atirikt vistrit islami rajy mean asankhy shikshakeandr sthapit the jo vidya tatha kalakaushal ki unnati ke lie ek doosare se age badh jane ki ho d kar rahe the. is samupayukt vatavaran ke phalasvaroop kavita ka udyan bhi lahalahane laga. sabhyata tatha sanskriti ki unnati aur any jatiyoan tatha bhashaoan ke mel se navin vicharadharaean aur ne shabd evan vakyaansh kavita mean sthan pane lage. vicharoan mean ganbhirata evan bariki aur shabdoan mean pravah evan madhury ane laga. vibhinn varnanashailiyaan nikali geean aur prashansa evan dosharopan ke vibhinn dhang nikale ge jinamean atishayokti ko charam sima tak pahuancha diya gaya. is kshetr ke yoddhaoan mean aboo tammam (mri. 843 ee.), bahuturi (mri.sanh‌ 896 ee.)aur mutanabbi (mri.sanh‌ 965 ee.) agrani the. isake atirikt poorvasimaoan tatha pratibandhoan ko to dakar kavitakshetr ko aur bhi vistrit kiya gaya tatha usamean vibhinn rahean nikali geean. ek or prem aur asakti ki ghatanaoan aur phakamastoan ke varnan nissankoch kie ge. is disha ka pratinidhi kavi aboonuvas (mri. sanh‌ 810 ee.) tha. doosari or virakti, pavitrata aur upadesh ki dharaean pravahit huee. is kshetr mean abul atahiya (mri. 850 ee.) sarvapratham tha. isi prakar abul ala alamarro (mri. sanh‌ 1057 ee.) ne manavata ke vibhinn aangoan par darshanik dhang se prakash dala aur ibrul phariz (mri.1235 ee.) ne adhyatmikata ke vayumandal mean u dan bhari.

yahaan spen ki arabi kavita ka varnan bhi vishesh roop se abhisht hai. vahaan musalamanoan ka raj lagabhag 800 varsh raha. is bich vidya tatha kalakaushal ne vahaan aisi unnati ki ki use dekhakar yoorop shatabdiyoan tak ashcharyachakit raha. yahaan ki arabi kavita bhi praranbh mean prachin muhammad-poorv yug ki kavita ke dhang par chali, parantu shighr hi sthaniy jalavayu ne sauandary prapt hua. isakie do visheshataean haian: ek to prakritik drishyoan ka chittakarshak varnan; doosari premabhavanaoan ki manoharini kahani. isake atirikt ek vishesh bat yah hai ki yahaan lokabhasha mean ek nee prakar ki kavita ne praudhata prapt kar raja-rank sabaka man har liya. spen ka kan-kan usake ragoan se dravit ho gaya. vahaan ke prasiddh kaviyoan mean ibre hani (mri. 973 ee.) aur ibre jadoon (moo. 1071 ee.) vishesh roop se ullekhaniy haian.

is kal mean arabi gady ne bhi bahut unnati ki. praranbh mean ibrul mukafafa (mri. 760 ee.) ne doosari bhashaoan ki kuchh pustakoan ka arabi mean anuvad kiya jinamean kalolah v dimana (mool sanskrit 'panchatatr') bahut prasiddh haian. phir prachin katha kahaniyoan ko b di shighrata ke sath pustakoan mean sankalit kiya jane laga. ek or to katha kahaniyoan par lekhanashakti ka prayog kiya gaya aur manoranjak jnan ko chittakarshak shaili mean prastut kiya gaya. is sanbandh mean aliphalaila ka nam bahut prasiddh hai jo vibhinn prakar ki saiank doan kahaniyoan ka sangrah hai. doosari or khaliphaoan, mahapurushoan, kaviyoan, sahityakaroan aur vidvanoan ke parichay, sadachar, shishtachar, dantakathaoan, kala-kaushal adi ke varnan ekatr kie ge. is kshetr ke mir prasiddh mahanubhav jahiz (mri. 869 ee.) the. inake pashchath‌ is kshetr mean sakriy bhag lenevaloan mean ibrai kutaibah (mri. 889 ee.), ibre abde rabbi (mri. 939 ee.) aur abul pharaj asphahani (mri.967 ee.) adhik prasiddh haian. inaki pustakoan ko arabi sahity mean bahut ooancha sthan prapt hai.

is kal ke sahityik lekhoan mean tukaant gady ko bhi adhik khyati prapt huee aur usaka mahatv itana badh gaya ki use uchch koti ke gady ka atyavashyak aang mana jane laga. aant mean isaki unnati maqamat ke roop mean apani charam sima par pahuanchi or vastavikata yah hai ki bahutere sahityamarmajnoan ki ray mean isase adhik uchch star ka sahity ab tak astitv mean nahian aya tha. maqamat ka keandr vidooshak nayak hota hai aur usaki shaili natakiy hoti hai. pratyek maqamah sahityik sangrah hota hai jisamean nayak apane jnan sanbandhi varnanoan tatha sahityik has-parihas aur yogyata ke dvara apane samast pratidvandviyoan ko poornaroopen harakar sab darshakoan ko ashchary mean dal deta hai. usamean kathavastu kuchh nahian hoti, keval sahityik atishayokti tatha varnanashaili ka chamatkar hi sab kuchh hota hai. badiujzamaan hamadani (mri. 1007 ee.) aur bad hariri (mri. sanh‌ 1122 ee.) arabi sahity ke is kal ke akash mean chandr-soory ki bhaanti chamakate haian.

isake atirikt asankhy vidyaoan evan kalaoan, jaise tafasir (kuran ki vyakhya) hadis, qikah (kanoon), itihas, nirukt, mantikh‌, darshan, jyotish, bhoomiti, ganit ityadi ke kshetr mean sahasroan aise vidvanoan ne kary kiya. inaki asankhy kritiyoan mean jnan ka bahumooly sangrah ekatr hai aur inamean se saik doan pustakoan ki ganana uchch koti ki jnan sanbandhi tatha sahityik kritiyoan mean hoti hai. inase aj tak vidvanh‌ labh uthate aur unake samudr mean dubaki lagakar bahumooly moti nikalate rahe haian. phir bhi, unake bhaandar ka bahut b da bhag abhi tak ajnat aur sansar ki drishti se ojhal hai jo vidya evan kala ke jijnasuoan ko khoj aur nirantar parishram ke lie amantrit karata hai.

(ee) musalamanoan tatha turkoan ka shasanakal - (sanh‌ 1258 ee. se 1798 ee. tak)- bagadad ka rajy abbasi rajatvakal se hi patanonmukh ho chuka tha. ab is yug mean usake tuk de tuk de ho ge. mugaloan, turkoan aur doosari jatiyoan mean prabhutta vibhajit ho gee. rajanitik kaanti ka prabhav jnanajagath‌ par bhi p dana anivary tha. at: is lanbe samay mean jnan evan sahity mean koee pragati nahian huee. kavita to vastav mean bilakul nishpran ho chuki thi. kavi keval shabdik kri da mean lin the. maulikata ka pata nahian tha. prachin vishayoan tatha vicharoan ka pishtapeshan ho raha tha. alaboosiri (mri. 1296 ee.) ki nissandeh kavita mean bahut prasiddhi huee jisaka adhar vishesh roop se vah qasida hai jo usane rasoolullah ke samman mean likha tha. isake atirikt saphiuddin hilli (mri. 1350 ee.) ka nam bhi bahut vikhyat hai jise is kal ka sabase b da kavi kaha ja sakata hai.

nissandeh itihas lekhan ne is kal mean uttarottar unnati ki. is kal ke aitihasik karyoan mean vistrit drishtikon aur yatharthapriyata ke chihn paryapt matra mean milate haian. is sanbandh mean ibre khaldoon (mri. 1406 ee.) ka nam sabase adhik prasiddh hai jisane itihasalekhan mean ek nee shaili ka sootrapat kiya. usane apane itihas ki bhoomika mean bahut si jnan sanbandhi, rajanitik aur samajik samasyaoan ka bahut suandar varnan kiya hai aur itihas ka ek vistrit darshanik drishtikon upasthit kiya hai. at: us bhoomika ka mahatv svatantr pustak se bhi adhik hai. bad ke yooropiy itihasakar maikiyavali, viko aur giban ityadi vastav mean ibre khaldoon ke hi anuyayi haian.

is kal mean kuchh vidvanh‌ aise bhi haian jo anek vidyaoan tatha kalaoan mean saman dakshata rakhate the. isalie unake vyaktitv ko kisi ek kshetr mean simit nahian kiya ja sakata. ibre taimiyah (mri. 1238 ee.), zahabi (mri. 1347 ee.), ibrehajar asqalani (mri. 1449 ee.) aur jalaluddin suyooti (mri. 1505 ee.) aise hi vidvanh‌ haian . yah mandal is kal ke prakashahin akash mean juganoo ki bhaanti chamak raha hai. inaki saiank doan kritiyoan mean samast prakar ki vidyaoan aur kalaoan ka kosh bhara hua hai. inake atirikt ibre manjoor (mri. 1311ee.) vyakaran, nirukt aur sahity ka bahut b da vidvanh‌ or anveshak hua hai. 'nisanul arab' usaki vishal kriti hai jisakie ganana shabdakosh tatha sahity ki choti ki pustakoan mean hoti hai.

(u) adhunik kal (sanh‌ 1798 ee. se ab tak) - yah arabi sahity ka punarjagaranakal hai jisaka praranbh misr par naipoliyan ke akraman se hota hai. is kal mean kuchh aise karan aur paristhitiyaan utpann hueean ki arabi sahity mean jivan ki ek nee lahar dau di aur usamean nee-nee shakhaean phoot nikalian. pashchimi sanskriti van sabhyata, jnan evan sahity aur vicharadhara evan drishtikon ne arab desh ko bahut prabhavit kiya. adhunik dhang ke vidyalayoan ka shriganesh hua, mudranakala ka avishkar tatha patrikaoan evan samacharapatroan ka prachar hua. jnan sanbandhi sahityik sansthaean sthapit huee. is prakar arab jati navin pravrittiyoan or drishtikonoan se parichit huee. svatantrata, deshabhakti tatha rashtriyata ki bhavanaean jagrat hueerhan. rajanitik evan samajik vicharadharaoan mean bhi parivartan hua . phalasvaroop arabi sahity mean ek kraanti ka janm hua.

kavita ne karavat badali. usamean jivan ke chihn drishtigochar hone lage. shabdik chamatkar ke sthan par ab varny-vishay kie or adhik dhyan diya jane laga. rajanitik kavitaeanan evan rashtriy gan likhe jane lage. any bhashaoan ki kavitaoan ke arabi mean padyanuvad kie ge. at: urdoo ke gauravanvit kavi allama iqabal ki kavitaoan ka bhi anuvad hua. isake atirikt kavita ke mapadand (chhand) bhi badal ge. kuchh kaviyoan ne svachchhand kavitaean bhi likhian aur prachin shaili ke viruddh ek-ek vishay par thos kavitaoan ki rachana huee. is kal ke vishisht kaviyoan ke nam ye haian: al baroodi (mri. 1904 ee.), haphij ibrahim (mri. 1932 ee.), shauki (mri.1932 ee.), rusaphi (mri. 1945 ee.), khalil mataran (mri. 1954 ee.), abooshadi (mri. 1955 ee.), abdurrahaman sidki, abdurrahaman badavi aur suleman al eesa ityadi.

adhunik yug mean pady ki apeksha gady par adhik jor diya gaya aur usamean sahity ke any aangoan ki abhivriddhi ki gee. maroon nakkash (mri. 1855 ee.) ne arabi sahity mean natak ka shriganesh kiya. kuchh samay pashchath‌ abdulla nadim (mri. 1869 ee.) aur najib-al-haddad (mri.1899 ee.) ne is or dhyan diya. phir shighr hi natakakala ne itani adhik unnati ki ki ajakal usaki ganana uchch sahity ke ek mahatvapoorn aang ke roop mean hoti hai. isi prakar upanyasoan aur sankshipt kahaniyoan ko bhi manyata prapt huee. pahale yoorop ki bhashaoan se har prakar ki aitihasik, samajik, prem sanbandhi tatha hasy ras ki kathaean arabi mean roopaantarit ki gee. tatpashchath‌ is vishay ki maulik rachanaean bhi sahityakshetr mean ane lagian jinase prachin arabi sabhyata ko pranavanh‌ banane aur rashtriy bhavanaoan ko jagrat karane ka kam liya gaya. is kshetr ke vishisht vyakti ye haian-abdulaqadir mazini (mri. 1949 ee.), muhammadahusen haikal (mri. 1956 ee.), mahamood taimoor, taufik-al-hakim, muhammad pharid, aboo hadid, ehasan abdul or azij abazah.

uchch koti ke sahityakaroan mean al manafalooti (mri. 1924 ee.) ka nam bahut prasiddh hai. vah ek vishisht shaili ka ekamatr adhishthata hai. samaj ki avyavasthit dashaoan aur jivan ke apriy katu anubhavoan ka usane jo suandar chitran kiy hai vah usi ka bhag hai. khalil jibran (mri. 1931 ee.) ne bhi suandar sahity ka uchchadarsh prastut kiya hai. is kal ka sabase b da lekhak nissandeh mustapha sadiq (mri. 1967 ee.) hai jisaki pustak bahyulaqalam atyant mahatvapoorn kriti hai. adhunik kal mean itihas aur samalochana ki or bhi vishesh roop se dhyan diya gaya. prachin jnan sanbandhi aur sahityik pooanji ka vartaman siddhaantoan ke prakash mean parikshan karane ka kam shighratapoorvak ho raha hai. daktar taha husen, al-zaiyad aur al-akkad ityadi atyant uchch koti ke sahityakar, vicharak aur alochak haian. in logoan ne islami sabhyata, sahity ke itihas, tatha jnan aur sahity ke any aangoan se sanbandhit vartaman shaili ke anukaranasvaroop bahut suandar kritiyaan prastut kian.

vartaman kal ke sahityakaroan or alochakoan mean do drishtikon pratyaksh roop se milate haian. kuchh to prachin shaili ke paksh mean haian. ve pashchim ki samast jnan sanbandhi evan sahityik dhanarashi aur adhunik pravrittiyoan evan drishtikonoan se poora-poora labh uthane ke sath-sath apane prachin siddhaantoan, jatiy paranparaoan tatha manamaryada ko bhi sthir rakhana chahate haian aur isake viparit kuchh arabi sahity ko bilakul pashchimi vicharadhara aur varnanashaili mean dhal dena chahate haian. ve kisi prachin bat ko us samay tak manane ke lie taiyar nahian haian jab tak vah vartaman vicharadharake mapadand par poori n utar jae. is prakar vibhinn chiantanasansthaoan ke uday aur parasparik pratispardha evan sangharshoan se arabi sahity vibhinn prakar se labhanvit hua hai. at: vah apane kshetr ko uttarottar vistrit karata hua shighratapoorvak age badhata ja raha hai aur pratidin mahatvapoorn samagri prastut kar raha hai jisase usaki mahima aur sthayi astitv ke lakshan parilakshit hote haian.

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