रेडक्रॉस
redakr aaus
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| uddeshy | rogiyoan, ghayaloan tatha yuddhakalin bandiyoan ki dekharekh karana hai. |
| sthapana | 1919 |
| sansthapak | jin henari dayoonent aur gastave moinie |
| mukhyalay | jeneva, svitzaralaind |
| sanbandhit lekh | vishv redakr aaus divas |
| prakar | gair sarakari sangathan |
| any janakari | bharat mean varsh 1920 mean parliyameantri ekt ke tahat bharatiy redakr aaus sosayati ka gathan hua, tab se redakr aaus ke svany sevak vibhinn prakar ke apadaoan mean nirantar nisvarth bhavana se apani sevaean de rahe haian. |
| bahari k diyaan | adhikarik vebasait |
redakr aaus ek rashtriy aur aantarrashtriy ejensi hai jisaka pramukh uddeshy rogiyoan, ghayaloan tatha yuddhakalin bandiyoan ki dekharekh karana hai. redakr aaus aandolan ke vikas mean, visheshakar 1919 ee. se kisi bhi prakar ki manav pi da ko kam karane ki vishvavyapi pravritti ki ganana redakr aaus kshetr ke aantargat mani jane lagi.
aandolan ka sootrapat
redakr aaus se sanbandhit adharabhoot bhav 1862 ee. mansh jenoa mean jin henari dayoonent ki soovenir di sapherino namak pustika mean prakashit hua. dyoonaiant ne itali mean yuddh ke dauran raktapat ka bhayanak drishy dekha tha. chikitsakiy sahayata ke abhav mean yuddhakshetr kalakavalit ho jane ke lie chhoote hue ghayaloan ke kashtoan ka hridayavidarak vivaran unaki pustak mean milata hai. ahatoan ki sahayata ke lie unhoanne sthayi samitiyoan ke nirman ki avashyakata par jor diya. dyoonaiant ki apil ki pratidhvani shighr sunaee p di. jenoa ki sosaiti di yootiliti pablik ke adhyaksh shri gastave moinie prastut sujhavoan ke mahatv se bahut prabhavit the. unaki prarthana par dyoonaiant is samiti ki ek baithak mean sammilit hue tatha usake sammukh apane vicharoan ko spasht kiya. taduparaant yuddh mean ahatoan ki sthiti ke sudhar ke sadhanoan ke adhyayanarth ek ayog manonit kiya gaya. is ayog ke maulik sadasy janaral doophor, svis sena ke senapati gastave moinie, henari dyoonaiant, daktar luee epiya aur daktar thiyodor monoi the. inaka pahala kam aisi rashtriy samitiyoan ke nirman ke lie ek prastavit samajhaute ka roop taiyar karana tha jitana uddeshy svayansevak sahayak dal banakar sainy chikitsa sevaoan ki sahayata karana tha. unhoanne ek aantarrashtriy baithak bhi bulaee jo 26 aktoobar se 29 aktoobar sanh 1863 tak jeneva mean huee. vahaan redakr aaus ke adharabhoot siddhaant nishchit kie ge. is aantarrashtriy samiti par us uddeshy ko jari rakhane ke lie jor diya gaya, jise is adhiveshan mean nishchit siddhaantoan ke sanrakshak ke roop mean isane svikar kiya tha aur is bat par bhi jor diya gaya ki redakr aaus aandolan ka vikas karane ke lie tatha ahat sainikoan aur yuddh ke any pi ditoan ki sahayata sangathit karan ke lie sabhi deshoan mean rashtriy samitiyaan banaee jaean. varsh 1901 mean henari dayooneant ko unake manav seva ke karyoan ke lie pahala nobel shaanti puraskar mila
aantarrashtriy vaidhanik sthiti
is aandolan ke lie, jo is prakar praranbh hua tha, aantarrashtriy vaidhanik sthiti prapt karana doosara prayas tha, jisamean ek svikrit chhri ke dvara sabaki raksha hote hue ahat vyaktiyoan ki seva tatha ahatoan ki dekharekh mean lage hue karyakartaoan ka akraman se bachav ke lie prayatn karana tatha avashyakata ke samay prayog hetu alag rakhi huee chikitsa samriyoan ka nishchit karana tha.
marg ke vikat kathinaiyaan thian, kiantu janaral doophor ke nam ki prasiddhi, henari dyoonaiant ke jinhoanne vyaktigat roop se anek vibhinn deshoan ke adhikariyoan se batachit ki) athav kary aur gastave moinie ke vidhivath sangathan kary ke karan ye kathinaiyaan saphalatapoorv door ho gee. naipoliyan tritiy ne is yojana ke paksh mean apana vyaktigat prabhav lagaya aur aantarrashtriy samiti svis phederal kauansil ko 8 agast, 1864 ee. ko jenoa mean sammelan bulane ke lie raji karane mean saphal huee. is kootanitik sammelan mean 26 sarakaroan ke pratinidhi the. is sammelan ka parinam jenoa adhiveshan hua, jisamean sada ke lie kuchh nishchit siddhaant niyat hue : ahatoan ka samman hona chahie, sainik tatasth samajhe jane chahie, chikitsa sevaoan ki samagriyoan tatha karmachariyoan ko suraksha pradan ki gee, aur is suraksha ka pratik ek redakr aaus vala saphed jhanda, jo aj sare vishv mean redakr aaus ka chihn ban gaya hai. lagabhag hua. sabhi desh ab jenoa adhiveshan ke nirnayoan ko svikar karate haian. ek ne kootanitik sammelan dvara 6 julaee, 1906 ee. ko jenoa adhiveshan ke ye nirnay sanshodhit tatha poorn kie ge. sanh 1899 tatha 1907 mean heg mean hone vale sammelan ne jeneva adhiveshan sanh 1864 tatha sanshodhit adhiveshan sanh 1906 ke siddhaantoan ka samudrik yuddhoan tak vistar kar diya.
redakr aaus ke uddeshy
aantarrashtriy redakr aaus ke uddeshy ye mane jate hai :
- sabhi deshoan mean redakr aaus aandolan ko phailana
- redakr aaus ke adharabhoot siddhaantoan ke sanrakshak ke roop mean kary karana
- nee redakr aaus samitiyoan ke sanvidhan se vartaman samitiyoan ko soochit karana
- sabhi sabhy rajyoan ko jenoa adhiveshan svikar karane ke lie raji karana adhiveshan ke nirnayoan ka palan karana
- isaki hone vali avahelanaoan ki bhartsana karana
- qanoon banane ke lie sarakaroan par dabav dalana tatha aisi avahelanaoan ko rokane ke lie sena ko adesh dena
- yuddhakal mean bandiyoan ki sahayata tatha any pi ditoan ki sahayata ke lie aantarrashtriy ejensi ka nirman karana
- bandishivir ki dekharekh, yuddhabandiyoan ko santosh aur aram pahuanchana aur sabhi prapy prabhavoan ke prayog se unaki sthiti sudharane ka prayatn karana
- shaanti tatha yuddh ke samay mean bhi sarakaroan, rashtroan tatha uparashtroan ke bich shubhachiantak madhyasth ke roop mean kary karana
- yuddh bimari athava apatti se hone vale kashtoan se mukti ka manavochit kary svayan karana athava doosaroan ko aisa karane ke lie sahayata dena.
aantarrashtriy redakr aaus samiti
aantarrashtriy redakr aaus samiti ke karyoan ke vistar ka abhas kuchh udaharanoan se ho jaega. praranbh se hi svatantr redakr aaus samiti ke nirman tatha jenoa adhiveshan ke sadasyoan ki svikriti ne shighr saphalata prapt karaee. phraansisi aur jarman ahatoan tatha bimar sainikoan ki bhalaee ke lie basle mean 1870 ee. mean ek soochana ejensi ka nirman hua.
yuddhakal mean kary
1912 ee. mean balakan yuddh ke samay isi tarah ki ek aijensi belagred mean bani. 1914 ee. mean pratham vishvayuddh ke samay yuddhabandiyoan ke lie do hazar vyaktiyoan ki, jinamean visheshakar svayansevak the, ek aantarrashtriy ejensi jeneva mean banaee gee. is ejensi ke 17 vibhinn vibhagoan ne yuddhalipt 30 deshoan se anevale avedanoan ka nipatara kiya. do hazar se 15 hazar tak pratidin patravyavahar kiya aur isake yahaan yuddh samapt hon ke pahale soochana hetu prarthanaean 50 lakh se adhik thian.
is ejensi ke karan vibhinn senaoan tatha jahaji be doan ke hazaroan khoe hue manushyoan ka pata lagaya gaya, yuddhabandiyoan ko sahayata di rg, 500 vibhinn bandi-shiviroan ki niyamit dekharekh huee aur adhin ziloan ke nagarikoan ko hatane ke lie tatha svedash agaman ke lie athava adhik ahatoan, kuchh shreni ke rogi bandiyoan aur chikitsa karmachariyoan ko tatasth bhagoan ke bandi shivir mean rakhane ke lie adhik suvidhaean prapt ki gee. aantarrashtriy ejensi ki vittiy seva ne 31 disanbar, 1917 ee. tak 71,500 pauand se oopar ki dhanarashi nakad roo pe ke roop mean bheji.
aantarrashtriy samiti ne jenoa adhiveshan ke nirnayoan ke viruddh hue karyoan ka pradarshan pray: sarakaroan ke sammukh kiya. is prakar ke kary chikitsalayoan ke band hone, badala lie jane, chikitsa karmachariyoan, ya ahatoan ke sath anuchit vyavahar, redakr aaus se sanbandhit chikitsa bhandaroan ko jabt karane, redakr aaus ki nianda ki bhartsana karane adi se sanbandhit ghatanaean thian.
yuddhottar kary
rashtrasangh lig aauv neshans ki kripalu sahayata ke karan aantarrashtriy samiti sabhi deshoan ke yuddhabandiyoan ke lie jo roos aur sayaberiya mean rah ge the, svadeshagaman ki vyavastha kar sakane mean samarth huee aur madhy yoorop ke vibhinn deshoan ne roosi bandiyoan ko vapas karane mean bhi saphal huee. sanbandhit sarakaroan ke yahaan pradarshan karane, sainikoan ko surakshit jahajoan mean le jane ki vyavastha karane aur unaki pahachan karane, jahaj mean unaki dekharekh karane aur rakshit jahajoan ko masko tatha baltik bandaragahoan tatha bladivastak, novarosisk aur triste ke bich ane jane ka prabandh karane ke lie samiti ke pratinidhi bulae ge. is prakar paanch lakh bandi svadesh pahuanchae ge.
yoonan mean niyamit sthan par bandi vyaktiyoan ki vapasi tatha yoonan aur tarki ke bich bandiyoan ka adan pradan kiya gaya. kalaantar mean aantarrashtriy samiti ke sadasyoan ka sanbandh oopari silesiya mean jarman aur polaiand ke sharirabandhakoan ke adan pradan se raha.
jahaan tak svasthy sanbandhi karyoan ka saval hai, aantarrashtriy samiti ke sadasyoan ko maleshiya, yookren tatha krishnasagar ke kshetr mean us samay phaile hue taiphas se bachane mean sahayata dene ka nirdesh mila tha. aprail, 1918 ee. mean is mahamari ka samana karane ke lie madhy aur poorv yoorop ke vibhinn deshoan ke pratinidhiyoan ke sath keandriy adhyayan vibhag ki sthapana mean is samiti ne bhag liya. sanh 1919 aur 1923 ke bich chikitsalayoan ki kamiyoan ko poora karane tatha akal pi ditoan ko bhojan ki poorti karane ke lie do chikitsa mishan yookren bheje ge. polaiand mean samiti ke pratinidhi vahaan ki mahamari ko rokane ke abhiyan mean sammilit hue. sanh 1919 aur 1923 ke bich bahut se yakshma chikitsalay tatha sadharan krishna sagariy bhag mean sthapit kie ge tatha samiti ne unake lie avashyak saman jutane mean sahayata ki.
yuddh ke arthik parinamoan se buri tarah prabhavit janasankhya ko mukti dilane ke uddeshy se samiti ne astiya aur hangari mean sahayata karyoan ka vyavasthit roop se gathan kiya. roos ke akalagrast ziloan ki sahayata ki vyavastha karane ke lie samiti ne 15 agast, 1921 ee. ko lig aauv redakr aaus sosayati ke sath jenoa mean aantarrashtriy sammelan bulane mean hath bataya. is sammelan mean sarakaroan tatha sahayata ejensiyoan ke 80 pratinidhiyoan ne bhag liya. ek roosi sahayata samiti banaee gee, jisake haee kamishnar daktar nanasen hue. is samiti ne 80,00,000 pauand se adhik dhanarashi janavari, 1922 ee. tak apane hath mean rakhi. samiti ke pratinidhiyoan ne 1923 ee. mean jarmani tatha roor ki janasankhya ki sthiti ki chhanabin bhi ki.
tatpashchath dvitiy vishvayuddh mean b di tatparata se kam kiya. donoan or ke kaidiyoan ko patr aur bheant se madad pahuanchaee aur ranakshetr mean sthit aspataloan mean nirbhikatapoorvak seva ki.
bharatiy redakr aaus
bharat ka redakr aaus ke sanbandh pratham vishvayuddh se hai. bharat mean varsh 1920 mean parliyameantri ekt ke tahat bharatiy redakr aaus sosayati ka gathan hua, tab se redakr aaus ke svany sevak vibhinn prakar ke apadaoan mean nirantar nisvarth bhavana se apani sevaean de rahe haian. us samay ek karo d rupaya, jo is sanstha ke lie dan mila tha, isaka mool dhan bana. is samay tak isaki 18 praantiy sansthaean aur 412 zila shakhaean sthapit ho chuki haian. bangal ki bhukhamari se lekar kee prakritik durghatanaoan ke samay isane sahayata pahuanchaee hai.
vishv redakr aaus divas
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
redakr aaus abhiyan ko janm dene vale mahanh manavata premi jin henari dayoonent ka janm 8 mee 1828 mean hua tha. unake janm divas 8 mee ko vishv redakr aaus divas ke roop mean poore vishv mean manaya jata hai.
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bahari k diyaan
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