पंडित श्रद्धाराम शर्मा

chitr:Icon-edit.gif

is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

pandit shraddharam sharma
|200px|center
poora nam	pandit shraddharam sharma
any nam	p. shraddharam phillauri
janm	30 sitambar, 1837 ee.
janm bhoomi	panjab ke jile jalandhar mean ludhiyana ke pas ek gaanv fillauri (phullaur)
mrityu	24 joon, 1881 ee.
mrityu sthan	lahaur
pati/patni	patni mahatab kaur
mukhy rachanaean	om jay jagadish ki arati, saty dharm muktavali, shatopadesh, sikhan de raj di vithiya, panjabi batachit, bhagyavati, satyamrit pravah
vishay	upanyas
bhasha	sanskrit, hindi, farasi
nagarikata	bharatiy
inhean bhi dekhean	kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi

Om jay jagadish ki arati

bharat desh ke ghar-ghar aur mandiroan mean jisake shabd barasoan se gooanj rahe haian, duniya ke kisi bhi kone mean base kisi bhi sanatani hiandoo parivar mean aisa vyakti khojana mushkil hai jisake hraday-patal par bachapan ke sanskaroan mean usake likhe shabdoan ki chhap n p di ho. unake shabd uttar bharat se lekar dakshin bharat ke har ghar aur mandir me poori shradhda aur bhakti ke sath gae jate haian. bachche se lekar yuvaoan ko aur kuchh yad rahe ya n rahe isake bol itane sahaj, saral aur bhavapoorn hai ki ek do bar sunane matr se isaki har ek pankti dil aur dimag mean rach-bas jati hai. ham bat kar rahe haian desh aur duniyabhar ke karo doan hinduoan ke rag-rag mean basi Om jay jagadish ki arati ki. hajaroan sal poorv hue hamare jnat-ajnat rrishiyoan ne paramatma ki prarthana ke lie jo bhi shlok aur bhakti git rache, om jay jagadish ki arati ki bhakti ras dhara ne un sabhi ko apane aandar samahit sa kar liya hai. yah ek arati sanskrit ke hajaroan shlokoan, stotroan aur mantroan ka nicho d hai.

kisi bhi kriti ka kalajayi hona isi tathy se pramanit hota hai jab kriti us karta ki n hokar ke samaj ke pratyek vyakti ki, apani- si ban jaye, jis tarah ram charit manas" ya "shri bhagavad gita" ya nanak bani kalaantar me, ban payi hai. isi tarah "shradhdharam ji" ka likha ye bhajan aj harek sanatani, hiandoo dharmi ke lie shradhdha ka paryay ban gaya hai - har shabd shradhdha se bhiga hua eeshvar ki prarthana aur manushy ki shradhdha ko pratibianbit karata hai unaka atoot vishavas ye kahata hai ki eeshvar ke samane sharanagat bhav se, prarthana karo ...jo sab sukhoan ka dvar hai ...moksh ka rasta vahian se age jata hai ..age badho ...

"mat pita tum mere, sharan gahuan maian kisaki, tum bin aur n dooja as karooan maian jisaki."
"jo dhyave phal pave duahkh vinashe man ka, sukh sampati ghar ave kasht mite tan ka."

jivan parichay

qarib dedh sau varsh mean mantr aur shastr ki tarah lokapriy ho gee om jay jagadish ki arati jaise bhavapoorn git ke rachayita the pandit shraddharam sharma (p. shraddharam phillauri). p. shradhdaram sharma ka janm brahman kul mean, 30 sitambar 1837 mean panjab ke jile jalandhar mean ludhiyana ke pas ek gaanv fillauri (phullaur) mean hua tha. unake pita jayadayalu khud ek achchhe jyotishi aur dharmik pravritti ke the. aise mean balak shraddharam ko bachapan se hi dharmik sanskar virasat mean mile the. unhoanne apane bete ka bhavishy padh liya tha aur bhavishyavani ki thi ki "ye balak apani laghu jivani mean chamatkari prabhav vale kary karega." bachapan se hi unhean jyautish aur sahity ke vishay mean gahari roochi thi. unhoanne vaise to kisi prakar ki shiksha hasil nahian ki thi parantu unhoanne sanh 1844 mean arthath matr sat varsh ki umr mean hi gurumukhi bhasha sikh liya tha. das sal ki umr mean sanskrit, hindi, farasi, parshiyan (parasi), jyotish, aur sanskrit ki padhaee shuroo ki aur kuchh hi varsho mean ve in sabhi vishayoan ke nishnat ho ge. unaka vivah sikh mahila mahatab kaur ke sath hua tha.

pandit shraddharam sharma sanatan dharm pracharak, jyotishi, svatantrata sangram senani, sangitajn tatha hiandi ke hi nahian balki panjabi ke bhi shreshth sahityakaroan mean the. inaki ginati unnisavian shatabdi ke sahityakaroan mean hoti hai. apani vilakshan pratibha aur ojasvi vaktrita ke bal par unhoanne panjab mean navin samajik chetana evan dharmik utsah jagaya jisase age chalakar ary samaj ke liye pahale se nirmit urvar bhoomi mili. unaka likha upanyas bhagyavati hindi ke aranbhik upanyasoan mean gina jata hai. pan. shraddharam sharma gurumukhi aur panjabi ke achchhe janakar the aur unhoanne apani pahali pustak gurumukhi me hi likhi thi parantu ve manate the ki hiandi ke madhyam se is desh ke zyada se zyada logoan tak apani bat pahuanchaee ja sakati hai. unhoanne apane sahity aur vyakhyanoan se samajik kuritiyoan aur aandhavishvasoan ke khilaf jabardast mahaul banaya. unhoanne sanatan dharm ka prachar prasar kiya aur usi kram mean ye arati rachi. agar ap dhyan se sunean to antim band mean unaka nam ata hai, vishay vikar mitao pap haro deva, shraddha bhakti badhao santan ki seva.

pan. shradhdaram ne sanh 1866 mean panjabi (gurumukhi) mean prakashan 'sikhoan de raj di vithiya' aur 'panjabi batachit' jaisi kitabean likhakar mano kraanti hi kar di. apani pahali hi pustak 'sikhoan de raj di vithiya' se ve panjabi sahity ke pitripurush ke roop mean pratishthit ho ge aur unako "adhunik panjabi bhasha ke janak" ki upadhi dilavaee. bad mean is rachana ka roman mean anuvad bhi hua. is pustak me sikh dharm ki sthapana aur isaki nitiyoan ke bare mean bahut saragarbhit roop se bataya gaya tha. pustak mean tin adhyay hai. isake tisare aur aantim adhyay mean panjab ki sankriti, lok paranparaoan, lok sangit, vyavahar adi ke bare mean vistrit janakari di gee thi. isi karan se shayad is pustak ko, uchch kaksha ki padhaee ke lie chuna gaya hai. aangrez sarakar ne tab hone vali aeesies (jisaka bharatiy nam ab aeeees ho gaya hai) pariksha ke kors mean, anivary, pathaniy, pustak vishay ke roop mean is pustak ko shamil kiya tha. "panjabi batachit" mean malava, majhjh jaise prantoan mean jo istemal ki jatian haian vo boli, batachit, pahanava, soch, muhavare, kahavatean jaisi batoan ko sameta gaya hai. "panjabi batachit" ko aangrej, british raj ke samay panjabi bhasha sikhane ke lie sabase b da sahara samajhate the.

shraddharam phillauri ji ka gurumukhi aur hindi sahity mean mahattvapoorn yogadan raha hai. 1870 mean 32 varsh ki umr mean pandit shraddharam sharma ne om jay jagadish ki arati ki rachana ki. p. shradhdaram ki vidvata aur bharatiy dharmik vishayoan par unaki vaijnanik drishti ke log kayal ho ge the. jagah-jagah par unako dharmik vishayoan par vyakhyan dene ke lie amantrit kiya jata tha aur tab hajaroan ki sankhya mean log unako sunane ate the. ve logoan ke bich jab bhi jate apani likhi om jay jagadish ki arati gakar sunate. unaki arati sunakar to mano log besudh se ho jate the. arati ke bol logoan ki juban par aise chadhe ki aj kee pidhiyaan gujar jane ke bad bhi unake shabdoan ka jadoo qayam hai. is arati ka upayog prasiddh nirmata nirdeshak manoj kumar ne apani ek film mean kiya tha aur isalie kee log is arati ke sath manoj kumar ka nam jo d dete haian.

vaise pan. shraddharam sharma dharmik kathaoan aur akhyanoan ke lie kafi prasiddh the. unhoanne dharmik kathaoan aur akhyanoan ka udhdaran dete hue aangreji hukumat ke khilaf janajagaran ka aisa vatavaran taiyar kar dete the unaka akhyan sunakar pratyaik vyakti ke bhitar deshabhakti ki bhavana bhar jati. isase aangrez (britani) sarakar ki niand u d gee. shri shraddharam ji ko desh ke svatantrata andolanoan mean bhag lene tatha apane bhashanoan mean mahabharat ke uddharanoan ka ullekh karate hue british sarakar ko ukha d pheankane ka sandesh dete the aur logoan mean kraantikari vichar paida karate the. 'mahabharat’ ke "shaly parv" pe kahe ge shradhdha ram ji ke vichar aur bhashan, pulis mean dakhil hone vale asankhy l dakoan ne sune the aur usi ke lie 1865 mean british sarakar ne unako unake gaanv phullauri se nishkasit kar diya aur asapas ke gaanvoan tak mean unake pravesh par pabandi laga di gee. lekin unake dvara likhi gee kitaboan ka pathan vidyalayoan mean ho raha tha aur vah jari raha. pan. shraddharam ne apane vyakhyanoan se logoan mean aangrez sarakar ke khilaf kraanti ki mashal hi nahian jalaee balki saksharata ke lie bhi zabardast kam kiya.

pan. shradhdaram khud jyotish ke achchhe jnata the aur amritasar se lekar lahaur tak unake chahane vale the isalie is nishkasan ka un par koee asar nahian hua, balki unaki lokapriyata aur badh gee. log unaki batean sunane ko aur unase milane ko utsuk rahane lage. isi dauran unhoanne hindi mean jyotish par kee kitabean likhi aur logoan ke sampark mean rahe. lekin ek isaee padari phadar nyootan jo pan. shradhdaram ke kraantikari vicharoan se behad prabhavit the, ke hastakshep par aangrez sarakar ko tho de hi dinoan mean unake nishkasan ka adesh vapas lena p da. pan. shradhdaram ne padari ke kahane par sanh 1868 mean baeebil ke kuchh aanshoan ka gurumukhi mean anuvad kiya tha. pan. shradhdaram ne apane vyakhyanoan se logoan mean aangrez sarakar ke khilaf kraanti ki mashal hi nahian jalaee balki saksharata ke lie bhi zabardast kam kiya.

shri shraddharam ko bharat ke pratham upanyasakar ke roop mean bhi jana jata hai. unhoanne 1877 mean bhagyavati namak ek upanyas likha tha jo hindi mean tha. mana jata hai ki yah hindi ka pahala upanyas hai, is upanyas ki pahali samiksha aprail 1887 mean hindi ki masik patrika pradip mean prakashit huee thi. isake prakashan se pahale hi pan. shraddharam ka nidhan ho gaya parantu unaki mrityu ke bad unaki patni ne kafi kasht sahan karake bhi is upanyas ka prakashan karavaya tha. ise panjab sahit desh ke kee rajyo ke skooloan mean kee saloan tak padhaya jata raha.

pan. shradhdaram ke jivan aur unake dvara likhi gee pustakoan par guru nanak vishvavidyalay ke hindi vibhag ke din aur hiandi vibhagadhyaksh shri d aau. haramiandar sianh ne zabardast shodh kar tin sanskaranoan mean shradhdaram granthavali ka prakashan bhi kiya hai. unaka manana hai ki pan. shradhdaram ka "bhagyavati" upanyas jo sanh 1888 mean nirmal prakashan" se prakashit huee, hindi sahity ka sabase pahala prakashit upanyas hai. lekin yah matr hindi ka hi pahala upanyas nahian tha balki kee mayanoan mean yah pahala tha. jnatavy hai ki ab tak lala shrinivasadas ke "pariksha guru" ko (jo sanh 1902 mean prakashit hua) hiandi ka pahala upanyas mana jata raha hai. d tribyoon ( 17 march, 2005/ 17 sitambar-1998) mean prakashit samachar/lekhoan ka sandarbh liya jae to bharatiy sahity akademi ne bhi phillauriji ke upanyas "bhagyavati" ko hiandi ka sabase pahala upanyas mane jane ko manyata de di hai. is tarah hiandi sahity ke itihas ko aur khasakar hiandi upanyas ke itihas ke punarlekhan ki disha mean ek nee pahal huee hai. smaraniy bat yah hai ki "bhagyavati" jeandar ishyoo ke sandarbh mean bhi ek kraantikari rachana hai kyoanki is upanyas ki keandriy manyata hi yahi hai ki beti bete se kisi bat mean kam nahian hoti.

aj jis panjab mean sabase zyada kanyaoan ki bhroon hatyaean hoti hai isaka ehasas unhoanne bahut pahale kar liya tha aur is vishay par unhoanne ‘bhagyavat‘ upanyas likhe, jo samay se bahut pahale ye soch lekar samane aee ki stri shiksha, stri ko samanata ka darja milana svasth samaj ke lie labhakari hai. is upanyas mean unhoanne kashi ke ek pandit umadatt ki beti bhagavati ke kiradar ke madhyam se bal vivah jaisi kupratha par zabardast chot ki. is upanyas mean unhoanne bharatiy stri ki dasha aur usake adhikaroan ko lekar kraantikari vichar prastut kie. is upanyas mean upanyas ki nayika bhagyavati pahali beti paida hone par samaj ke logoan dvar majak uda़e jane par apane pati se kahati hai ki nanhi si kanya ki shadi karana, galat bat hai aur beta ya beti donoan saman haian. praudh shiksha dena jaroori hai ye bhi mudda liya hai.

unhoanne tab l dakiyoan ko padhane ki vakalat ki jab l dakiyoan ko ghar se bahar tak nahian nikalane diya jata tha, paranparaoan, kuprathaoan aur rudhiyoan par chot karate rahane ke bavajood ve logoan ke bich lokapriy bane rahe. jabaki vah ek aisa daur tha jab koee vyakti aandhavishvasoan aur dharmik rudhiyoan ke khilaf kuchh bolata tha to poora samaj usake khilaf ho jata tha. nishchay hi unake aandar apani bat ko kahane ka sahas aur use logoan tak pahuanchane ki jabardast kshamata thi.

"satyamrit pravah" kitab mean vyakti ke usooloan par bal diya gaya hai. lekhak kahate haian "ek bachche ki bat agar oosulo pe tiki huee aur nyay sangat hai, use maian zyada tavajjo dooanga, ved puranoan mean kahi gayi bina tark ya nyay hin batoan ke bajay." shradhdharam ji viveki, nyayapriy, svatantr vicharak, ne aur khule dhang se vedoan ka niroopan karane ke himayati the.

rachanaean

apaki lagabhag do darjan rachanaoan ka pata chalata hai, yatha-

(k) sanskrit - (1) nityaprarthana (shikharini chhand ke 11 padoan mean eeshvar ki do stutiyaan). (2) bhrigusanhita (sau kuandaliyoan mean phaladesh varnan), yah adhoori rachana hai. (3) haritalika vrat (shivapuran ki ek katha). (4) "krishnastuti" vishayak kuchh shlok, jo ab aprapy haian.

(kh) hiandi - (1) tatvadipak (prashnottar mean shruti, smriti ke anusar dharm karm ka varnan). (2) saty dharm muktavali (phullauri ji ke shishy shri tulasidev sangrihit bhajanasangrah) pratham bhag mean thumariyaan, bisan pade, dooti pad haian; dvitiy mean raganusar bhajan, aant mean ek panjabi baramah. (3) bhagyavati (striyoan ki hinavastha ke sudhar hetu pranit upanyas). (4) satyopadesh (sau dohoan mean anekavidh shikshaean) (5) bijamantr ("satyamritapravah' namak rachana ki bhoomika). (6) satyamritapravah (phullauri ji ke siddhaantoan, aur achar vichar ka darpan granth). (7) pakasadhani (rasoee shiksha vishayak). (8) kautuk sangrah (mantratantr, jadootone sanbandhi). (9) drishtaantavali (sune hue drishtaantoan ka sangrah, jinhean shraddharam apane bhashanoan aur shastrarthoan mean prayukt karate the). (10) ramalakamadhenu ("nity prarthana' mean prakashit vijnapan se pata chalata hai ki yah jyotish granth sanskrit se hiandi mean anoodit hua tha). (11) atmachikitsa (pahale sanskrit mean likha gaya tha. bad mean isaka hiandi anuvad kar diya gaya. aantat: ise phullauri ji ki aantim rachana "satyamrit pravah' ke praranbh mean jo d diya gaya tha). (12) maharaja kapoorathala ke lie virachit ek nitigranth (aprapy hai).

(g) urdoo - (1) durjan-mukh-chapetika, (2) dharmakasauti (do bhag), (3) dharmasanvad (4) upadesh sangrah (phullauri ji ke bhashanoan adi ke vishay mean prakashit samacharapatroan ki riportean), (5) asool e mazahib (panjab ke lephtineant gavarnar ke ichchhanusar pharasi pustak "dabistani mazahib' ka anuvad). pahali tinoan rachanaoan mean bhagavat (sanatan) dharm ka pratipadan evan bharatiy tatha abharatiy prachin arvachin matoan ka joradar khandan kiya gaya.

(gh) panjabi - (1) barahamasa (sansar se virakti ka upadesh). (2) sikkhaan de itihas di vithia (yah granth aangrejoan ke panjabi bhasha ki ek pariksha ke pathyakram ke lie likha gaya tha. isamean kuchhek anaitihasik aur janmasakhiyoan ke viparit batean bhi ullikhit thian). (3) panjabi batachit, panjab ke vibhinn kshetroan ki upabhashaoan ke namoonoan, kheloan aur riti rivajoan ka parichayatmak granth). (4) baiant aur visanapadoan mean virachit samagr "ramalila' tatha "krishnalila' (aprapy).

phullauri ji ki adhikaansh rachanaean gady mean haian. ve 18vian shatabdi uttarardh ke hiandi aur panjabi ke pratinidhi gadyakar haian. unake hiandi gady mean kh di boli ka pradhany hai. yatratatr urdoo aur panjabi ka puth bhi hai. panjabi gady do shailiyoan mean upalabdh hai. "sikkhaan de itihas di vithia" mean saral, ganbhir tatha alankaravihin bhasha ka prayog hua hai. isamean duabi aur malavi ka mishrit roop upalabdh hota hai. "panjabi batachit" mean muhavaredar aur vyangyapoorn bhasha vyavahrit huee hai. usamean panjabi ki pramukh kshetriy upabhashaoan ka samuchchay hai. unaki pady rachana adhik nahian hai. praranbh mean unhoanne hiandi kavy rachana hetu braj ko apanaya tha, kiantu kh di boli ko janopayogi bhasha samajhakar ve us or pravritt hue. unake bhajanoan mean kh di boli hi vyavahrit huee hai. eesaee mat ki or unmukh ho rahe kapoorathala naresh ranadhir sianh ke sanshay nivaran se inaka prabhav khoob badha. samay-samay par inhean patiyala, kapoorathala, jammoo tathashh kaang da pradesh ke rajaoan se samman aur vrittiyaan bhi prapt huee. "asool ek mazahib" tatha "bhagyavati' namak unaki rachanaean puraskrit bhi hueean.

aant samay

hindi ke jane mane lekhak aur sahityakar pan. ramachandr shukl ne pan. shradhdaram sharma aur bharateandu harishchandr ko hindi ke pahale do lekhakoan mean mana hai. unake antim samay mean, ye kahate hue chal base, "aj se hindi ka bas ek hi sachcha sapoot rah jayega, jab maian ja raha hooan." unaka ishara shri bharateandu harishchandr ji ki aur tha. us samay kahe ye bhavapoorn shabd shayad atishayokti se lage hoan, par ye sach nikale. shri ram chandr shukla ji, jo alochak the ve kahate haian ki, "shradhdharam ji ki vani mean tej tha aur sammohan bhi tha aur ve apane samay ke ek prakhar lekhak kahalaye jayeangean."

sahity ko samridhdh banane vale, 19vi sadi mean janme, shri shradhdharam "phillauri" sanatani karyakarta the aur karmath, samaj sudharak bhi the. panjabi aur hindi donoan bhasha mean unhoanne khoob likha hai. pan. sharma sadaiv prachar aur atm prashansa se door rahe the. shayad yah bhi ek vajah ho ki unaki rachanaoan ko chav se padhane vale log bhi unake jivan aur unake karyoan se parichit nahian haian. shri shraddharam phillauri ka svargavas matr 44 varsh ki alpayu mean 24 joon 1881 ko lahaur mean hua.

om jay jagadish ki arati

om jay jagadish, svami jay jagadish hare, bhakt janoan ke sankat, kshan mean door kare

jo dhyave phal pave, duahkh binase man ka, sukh-sampati ghar ave, kasht mite tan ka

mat pita tum mere, sharan gahooan maian kisaki, tum bin aur n dooja, as karooan maian jisaki

tum pooran paramatma, tum aantaryami, parabrahm parameshvar, tum sab ke svami

tum karuna ke sagar, tum palanakarta, maian sevak tum svami, kripa karo bharta

tum ho ek agochar, sabake pranapati, kis vidhi milooan dayamay, tumako maian kumati

dinabandhu duahkhaharta, tum rakshak mere, karuna hast badhao, dvar pada tere

vishay vikar mitao, pap haro deva, shraddha bhakti badhao, santan ki seva

om jay jagadish, svami jay jagadish hare

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh