एके-47

thumb|eke-47 raifal eke-47 (aangrezi: AK-47) ek soviyat sanghatak raifal hai jise 'kalaishnikov nodal 1947' bhi kaha jata hai. yah kandhe par latakaya jane val vishv ka sarvadhik prachalit shastr hai. isake prathamakshar 'eke' 'aautomaitik kailishnikov' (Automatic Kalashnikov) ke pratik haian. yah svachalit kailishnikov ke nam par p da. isamean svachalit tatha arddhasvachalit, donoan kshamataean haian aur yah bandook 7.62 emem madhyam (eantaramidiet) shakti vali goliyaan chala sakati hai.

visheshata

eke-47 ek chhoti aur suroopaankit bandook hai. isamean nali ke oopar hi gais vapas jane ki ek alag tyoob hoti hai, ek b di b aauks maigazin, jo 30 chakr jitani goliyaan rakh sakati hai aur isaki fayariang dar 600 chakr prati minat hoti hai. yah kee deshoan mean do adharabhoot dizainoan mean banaee jati hai. ek mean lak di ka hattha aur doosari mean dhatu ka foldiang hattha hota hai. 1980 ke varshoan mean eke-47 ko eke-em dvara pratisthapit kiya gaya, jo isaka adhunik sanskaran hai aur isamean nishane ki behatar kshamata hai. eke-47 raifal aur isaka eke-em roopaantaran sabhi samyavadi senaoan tatha vishv ke kee chhapamar aur rashtravadi aandolanoan mean kandhe par latakaya jane vala pramukh shastr raha hai. yah soviyat sangh, bulgariya, chin, jarmani, hangari, uttari koriya, polaiand, romaniya tatha yoogoslaviya mean nirmit hota hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

• pustak- bharat jnanakosh khand-1 | prishth sankhya- 252| prakashak- ensaklopidiya britainika, nee dilli