रोसेटा शिलालेख
thumb|250px|roseta shilalekh roseta shilalekh prachin misr ki sabhyata se ju da hai. ye ek kale patthar ka tuk da hai jo do hazar varshoan se bhi adhik purana hai. is patthar par grik aur prachin misr ki bhasha mean abhilekh khude haian. is patthar ke karan hi prachin misr ki bhasha ko samajhane mean sabase b di madad mili thi. varsh 1802 se british sangrahalay mean pradarshit roseta patthar sangrahalay ka pramukh akarshan hai. mool roseta patthar ko san 1799 mean phraansisi sainikoan ne khoja tha, jise bad mean briten ko sauanp diya gaya tha.[1]
itihas
samrat nepoliyan ne 1799 mean misr ki sainy tuk diyoan ko nasht karane ke lie fraansisi sainy be de ko bheja, jisane piramidoan ke desh par qabza kar liya. phraansisi be de mean un vaijnanikoan ko shamil kiya gaya tha jo misr ki prachin sabhyata mean ruchi rakhate the.thumb|left|250px|roseta shilalekh misr tin sal tak phraansisi shasan ke adhin raha. is samay ke dauran phraansisi vaijnanikoan ne misr ki prachin kalakritiyoan ka sabase samriddh sangrah ekatr kiya, lekin sabhyata ke rahasy abhi bhi haian.[2]
phraans ke shasak nepoliyan bonapart ne jab misr par akraman kiya, tab use nil nadi ke muhane par ho roseta namak sthan par ek prastar shilalekh mila jo 12 mitar lanba aur 70 se.mi. chau da tha. usase misr ke t aaulemi raja ke shasanakal ke vishay mean vishesh roop se janakari milati hai.[3]
sat taloan par myoo ko band kar diya gaya. roseta shilalekh in sabhi taloan ki kuanji ban gaya. unhean sainy kile seant juliyan ke nirman ke dauran abhiyan boochard ke ek sadasy dvara paya gaya tha. kile ko roseta shahar ke pas banaya gaya tha, jahaan se shilalekh ka nam rakha gaya tha. 1801 mean parajit phraansisiyoan ne misr chho d diya. unake sath sabhi durlabh vastuean le li geean. phir sangrah ianglaiand mean aya, jahaan yah british sangrahalay ke misr ke vibhag ka adhar ban gaya.
shilalekh
thumb|250px|roseta shilalekh roseta patthar kya tha? yah us par nakkashidar shilalekhoan ke sath kale besalt ka ek math tha. bad mean yah pata chala ki patthar mean tin bhashaoan mean likhe ge path ke tin sanskaran haian. path memphis shahar ke pujariyoan ka ek dikri tha, jisamean purohit dhanyavad phiraun t aaulemi vi ka dhanyavad karate haian aur unhean manad adhikar pradan karate haian. dikri ka pahala sanskaran misr ke chitralipi dvara likha gaya tha aur tisara shilalekh grik mean usi dikri ka anuvad tha. in shilalekhoan ki tulana mean vidvanoan ne grik varnamala ke sath chitralipi ko sahasanbaddh kiya, jisase misr ke baki shilalekhoan ki kuanji prapt huee. tisara shilalekh rakshasi sanketoan dvara banaya gaya tha.
roseta shilalekh ki jaanch kee vaijnanikoan ne ki thi. patthar ke shilalekh ko samajhane ke lie sabase pahale ek phraansisi prachyavid di sesi the aur svidish vaijnanik ocherbalad ne apana kam jari rakha. sabase kathin bat shilalekh ke chitralipi bhag ko padhana tha, kyoanki is tarah ke patr ka rahasy prachin roman samay mean kho gaya tha. aangrez yang ne chitralipi ko samajhana shuroo kiya, lekin phreanchamain chaianpiyan ne poori saphalata hasil ki. unhoanne sabit kiya ki chitralipi pranali mean mukhy roop se dhvanyatmak aur varnamala varn hote haian. apane chhote jivan kal ke dauran, yah vidvan prachin misr ki bhasha ke vyapak shabdakosh ko sankalit karane aur isake vyakaranik niyamoan ko banane mean kamayab raha. is prakar, misr ke vikas mean roseta shilalekh ki bhoomika vastav mean amooly thi.[2]
shamapolyo
phraansisi vidvan shamapolyo ne 20 sal ki athak mehanat ke uparaant roseta shilalekh par aankit lekh ko padhane mean saphalata prapt ki. is patthar par 3 bhashaoan mean lekh likhe hue the. yoonani, misr ki sadharan bhasha evan chitralipi mean tatha inake atirikt yang aur svidan ke aket blad bhi bhasha ko padhane mean kamayab hue.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 'hamari chiz hamean udhar hi de do' (hiandi) bbc.com. abhigaman tithi: 5 sitanbar, 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 misr ke rahasyoan ki kuanji (hiandi) petelawrieblog.com. abhigaman tithi: 5 sitanbar, 2020.
- ↑ misr ke kal nirdharan tatha adhyayan ke strot (hiandi) hardinshiksha.wordpress.com. abhigaman tithi: 5 sitanbar, 2020.
sanbandhit lekh