ऊधम सिंह

saradar oodham sianh / Sardar Udham Singh

jaliyaanvala bag mean nihatthoan ko bhoonakar aangrej bharat ki ajadi ke divanoan ko sabak sikhana chahate the, jisase vah british sarakar se takarane ki himmat n kar sakean, kintu is ghatana ne svatantrata ki ag ko hava dekar badha diya.

1899 mean panjab ke sangaroor jile ke sunam gaanv mean janme oodhamasianh ki mata aur pita ka saya bachapan mean hi uth gaya tha. unake janm ke do sal bad 1901 mean unaki maan ka nidhan ho gaya aur 1907 mean unake pita bhi chal base. oodhamasianh aur unake b de bhaee muktasianh ko amritasar ke khalasa anathalay mean sharan leni p di. 1917 mean unake bhaee ka bhi nidhan ho gaya. is prakar oodhamasianh duniya ke julmoan sitam sahane ke lie oodhamasianh bilkul akele rah ge.

itihasakar vireandr sharan ke anusar oodhamasianh in sab ghatanaoan se bahut du:khi to the, lekin unaki himmat aur sangharsh karane ki takat bahut badh gee. unhoanne shiksha zari rakhane ke sath hi ajadi ki l daee mean koodane ka bhi man bana liya. unhoanne chandrashekhar azad, rajaguru, sukhadev aur bhagatasianh jaise kraantikariyoan ke sath milakar british shasan ko aise ghav diye jinhean british shasak bahut dinoan tak nahian bhool pae.

svatantrata aandolan ke itihas mean san 1919 ka 13 aprail ka din aansuoan mean dooba hua hai, jab aangrezoan ne amritasar ke jaliyaanvala bag mean sabha kar rahe nihatthe bharatiyoan par aandhadhuandh goliyaan chalayian aur saik doan begunah logoan ko maut ke ghat utar diya. marane valoan mean maanoan ke sine se chipake dudhamuanhe bachche, jivan ki sandhya bela mean desh ki azadi ka sapana dekh rahe boodhe aur desh ke lie sarvasv lutae ko taiyar yuva sabhi the.

is ghatana ne oodhamasianh ko hilakar rakh diya aur unhoanne aangrezoan se isaka badala lene ki than li. hindoo, muslim aur sikh ekata ki nianv rakhane vale oodhamasianh urph ram mohammad ajad sianh ne is ghatana ke lie janaral maikal o dayar ko zimmedar mana jo us samay panjab praant ka gavarnar tha. gavarnar ke adesh par brigediyar janaral rejinald, edavard hairi dayar, janaral dayar ne 90 sainikoan ko lekar jaliyaanvala bag ko charoan taraph se gher kar mashinagan se goliyaan chalavaeean.

is ke bad ghatana oodhamasianh ne shapath li ki vah maikal o dayar ko marakar is ghatana ka badala leange. apane mishan ko aanjam dene ke lie oodhamasianh ne alag alag namoan se aphrika, nairobi, brajil aur amerika ki yatraean ki. san 1934 mean oodhamasianh landan gaye aur vahaan 9 eldar strit kamarshiyal ro d par rahane lage. vahaan unhoanne yatra ke uddeshy se ek kar kharidi aur apana mishan poora karane ke lie chhah goliyoan vali ek rivalvar bhi kharid li.

bharat ka yah vir kraantikari maikal o dayar ko thikane lagane ke lie sahi samay ka iantajar karane laga. oodhamasianh ko apane saik doan bhaee bahanoan ki maut ka badala lene ka mauka 1940 mean mila. jaliyaanvala bag hatyakaand ke 21 sal bad 13 march 1940 ko 'r aauyal seantral eshiyan sosayati' ki landan ke 'k aauksatan h aaul' mean baithak thi jahaan maikal o dayar bhi vaktaoan mean se ek tha. oodhamasianh us din samay se pahale hi baithak sthal par pahuanch ge. unhoanne apani rivalvar ek moti si kitab mean chhipa li. unhoanne qitab ke prishthoan ko rivalvar ke akar mean is tarah se kat liya, jisamean dayar ki jan lene vale hathiyar ko asani se chhipaya ja sake.

baithak ke bad divar ke pichhe se morcha sanbhalate hue oodhamasianh ne maikal o dayar par goliyaan chala dian. do goliyaan dayar ko lagian, jisase usaki turant maut ho gee. golibari mean dayar ke do any sathi bhi ghayal ho ge. oodhamasianh ne vahaan se bhagane ki koshish nahian ki aur svayan ko giraphtar kara diya. un par mukadama chala. adalat mean jab unase saval kiya gaya ki 'vah dayar ke sathiyoan ko bhi mar sakate the, kintu unhoanne aisa kyoan nahian kiya.'

oodhamasianh ne uttar diya ki vahaan par kee mahilaean bhi thian aur bharatiy sanskriti mean mahilaoan par hamala karana pap hai. 4 joon 1940 ko oodhamasianh ko dayar ki hatya ka doshi thaharaya gaya aur 31 julaee 1940 ko unhean 'peantanavile jel' mean phaansi de di gayi. is prakar yah kraantikari bharatiy svadhinata sangram ke itihas mean amar ho gaya. 1974 mean briten ne unake avashesh bharat ko sauanp die the.