दबाव समूह
dabav samooh ka vartaman rajanitik vyavasthaoan mean vishesh sthan hai. inhean pray: vibhinn namoan se pukara jata hai, jaise- 'hit samooh', 'anaupacharik sangathan' adi. halaanki pratyek samaj mean anek prakar ke sangathan hote haian, jo ki varg vishesh ya paksh ki avashyakataoan ki poorti karate haian, lekin un sabhi ko dabav samoohoan ki shreni mean nahian rakha ja sakata. dabav samoohoan ke sandarbh mean kaha ja sakata hai ki jab koee sangathan apane sadasyoan ke hitoan ki poorti ke lie rajanitik satta ko prabhavit karata hai aur unaki poorti ke lie dabav dalata hai to us sangathan ko 'dabav samooh' kahate haian.
mahattv
ianglaind, fraans, amarika adi deshoan mean dabav samoohoan ka rajanitik jivan mean vishesh mahattv hai. halaanki bharat mean vibhinn dabav samoohoan ka astitv hai, parantu susangathit aur prabhavashali dabav samoohoan ko hey drishti se dekha jata tha tatha lokataantrik vyavastha ke lie inhean khatara samajha jata tha. lekin aj in dabav samoohoan ko lokatantr ka poshak v sahayogi samajha jane laga hai. ye aj n keval rajanitik kshetr balki niti nirdharan aur prashasan sanchalan mean bhi mahattvapoorn bhoomika ka nirvah kar rahe haian. vartaman samay mean dabav samooh pratyek rajanitik vyavastha mean vishesh mahattv rakhate haian.
bharat mean astitv
bharat mean dabav samoohoan ka astitv svatantrata poorv se hai, lekin svatantrata pashchath hi ve vishesh roop se prabhavit hue. ‘bharatiy rashtriy kaangres’ ki sthiti bhi svatantrata se poorv ek dabav samooh ki hi bhaanti thi, jisaka uddeshy bharatiyoan ke hitoan ka pratinidhitv karana tha. ‘muslim lig’ (1906) ka uday bhi ek dabav samooh ke roop mean hi hua tha.
vibhinn dabav samooh
svatantrata ke pashchath bharat mean vibhinn dabav samoohoan ka uday hua. pratyek sangathan v sansthaoan dvara vibhinn dabav samoohoan ka nirman kiya gaya. kuchh dabav samoohoan ka nirman svayan rajanitik daloan dvara bhi kiya gaya tha. in dabav samoohoan ka mukhy uddeshy apane hitoan ka pratinidhitv aur usaka sanrakshan karana hi raha. aj bharat mean vibhinn dabav samoohoan ka astitv hai, jaise- 'mazadoor sangh', 'kisan sangathan', 'mahila sangathan', 'vyapari sangathan', 'vidyarthi sangathan' adi kuchh aise hi sangathan dabav samooh ki ginati mean ate haian, jisaka apana karyakram v adhar hai.
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