प्रमोचन यान

thumb|vibhinn pramochan yan|350px pramochan yan ek vishal r aauket hai jo upagrah, rob aautik aantariksh yan aur manav sahit aantariksh yan ko aantariksh mean le jane ka kary karate haian. ye abhivardhakoan ke roop mean bhi jane jate haian. prakshepan yan mean tin ya char charan hote haian. ye sabhi charan ek doosare ke oopar sajjit hote haian, kabhi-kabhi "straip-aaun motar" kahalane vala r aauketoan ka ek samooh, pramochan yan ke pahale charan ko gherate haian. prithvi ki satah se utthapan ke bad pramochan yan ek upagrah/aantariksh yan ko usaki apekshit kaksha mean sthapit karane ke lie das se tis minat ke bich mean ka samay leta hai.

karyakram ki shuruat

bharat mean pramochan yanoan ke vikas karyakram ki shuruat 1970 dashak ke praranbh mean huee. pratham prayogik pramochan yan (eselavi-3) 1980 mean vikasit kiya gaya. isaka ek sanvardhit sansh‍karan, eeselavi ka pramochan 1992 mean saphalatapoorvak kiya gaya. upagrah pramochan yan karyakram mean ath‍manirbharata praph‍t karane ke lie dhruviy upagrah pramochan yan (pieselavi) aur bhootulh‍yakali upagrah pramochan yan (jieselavi) ke prachalanikaran ke sath bharat ne pramochan yan praudyogiki mean zabaradash‍t pragati ki hai.

pieselavi isaro dvara prachalanath‍mak yan ko abhikalpit aur vikasit karane ke prayas ko niroopit karata hai, jise kaksha anuprayojh‍y upagrah ke roop mean prayog kiya ja sake. jahaan eselavi-3 ne bharat ka sh‍than aantariksh mean pravin rashh‍troan ke samuday mean surakshit kiya, eeselavi ne isaro ki pramochan yan praudyogiki ko age badhane ki prakriya pradan ki. aur pieselavi ke sath ek ne vaishvik-star ke yan ka agaman hua. pieselavi ne vividh kakshaoan mean 48 upagrahoan/aantarikshayanoan ke (22 bharatiy aur 26 aantarrashh‍triy grahakoan ke lie) pramochan dvara bar bar apani vishh‍vasaniyata aur bahuvijnata ko siddh kiya hai.

pramochan yan vikas mean aitihasik upalabdhiyaan

• pieselavi ne 19 pramochanoan mean se 18 nirantar saphal u danean bhari hai.
• pieselavi ka, usaki bahu-upagrah pramochan kshamata ka pradarshan karate hue, vanijyik samajhautoan ke adhin videshi grahakoan ke lie kul 26 upagrahoan ke pramochan ke lie upayog kiya gaya hai.
• pieselavi ki bahuvijnata pramanit karate hue aantariksh kaipsool punahprapti parikshan (esaree-1), chandrayan-1 aur isaro ke vishisht mausamavijnaniy upagrah, kalpana-1 ke pramochan ke lie usaka upayog kiya gaya.
• jieselavi 7 pramochanoan mean 4 saphal u danoan sahit bhoo-tulyakali aantaran kaksha (jitio) mean 2 se 2.5 tan bhar ke upagrah pramochit kar sakata hai.
• 15 navanbar, 2007 ko desh mean vikasit nimnatapiy oopari charan saphal parikshan.

kuchh pramochan yan

1. upagrah pramochan yan-3 athava eselavi-3
2. sanvardhit upagrah pramochan yan athava eeselavi
3. dhruviy upagrah prakshepan yan athava pieselavi
4. bhootulyakali upagrah prakshepan yan athava jieselavi
5. bhootulyakali upagrah pramochan yan mark III athava jieselavi mark III

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• isaro ki adhikarik vebasait

sanbandhit lekh

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