झारखण्ड

jharakhand / Jharkhand jharakhand ka shabdik arth hai "van ka kshetr". jharakhand ghane vanoan se bhara chhota nagapur pathar par basa hai jo ganga ke maidani bhag ke dakshin mean hai. mana jata hai ki jharakhand shabd ka prayog lagabhag char sau varsh pahale solahavian shatabdi mean hua. apane brihat aur mool arth mean 'jharakhand' purane bihar ke zyadatar dakshini hisse aur chhattisagadh, pashchim bangal aur u disa ke kuchh adivasi zile shamil haian. jharakhand mean bharat ki lagabhag nabbe pratishat anusoochit janajati ka nivas sthal hai. sanpoorn bharat mean vanoan ke anupat mean yah pradesh ek agrani rajy mana jata hai tatha vanyajivoan ke sanrakshan ke liye mashahoor hai.

itihas aur bhoogol

15 nanvabar, 2000 ko bharat sangh ke 28vean rajh‍y ke roop mean jharakhand rajy ka nirman hua. jharakhand adivasiyoan ki grihabhoomi hai. ek prachin katha se jnat hota ki u disa ke raja jayasianh dev ne terahavian shatabh‍di mean khud ko jharakhand ka shasak ghoshit kar apana shasan lagoo kar diya tha. jharakhand mean mukhh‍y roop se chhota nagapur pathar aur santhal paragana ke van kshetr shamil haian. yahaan ki apani vishishh‍t saansh‍kritik paranparaean haian. sh‍vatantrata prapti ke bad 'jharakhand mukti morcha' ne niyamit aandolan kiya, jisake karan se sarakar ne 1995 mean 'jharakhand kshetr parishad' ki sh‍thapana ki aur isake pashchat yah rajy poornat: astith‍v mean aya.

bhaugolik sthiti

jharakhand ke poorv mean pashchim bangal, pashchim mean uttar pradesh aur chhattisagadh, uttar mean bihar tatha dakshin mean udisa se ghira hua hai. audyogik nagari raanchi isaki rajadhani hai. is pradesh ke any b de shaharoan mean dhanabad, bokaro evan jamashedapur shamil haian.

krishi

jharakhand rajh‍y ke 79,714 varg ki.mi. kshetr mean se 18,423 varg ki.mi. kshetr mean van haian. krishi aur krishi sambandhit gatividhiyaan jharakhand ki arthavh‍yavash‍tha ka mukhy adhar haian. krishi yogh‍y bhoomi ka kshetraphal keval 38 lakh hekh‍teyar hai.

sianchaee aur bijali

damodar, mayoorakshi, barakar, uttari koyel, dakshini koyel, sankh, suvarnarekha, kharakee aur ajay yahaan ki pramukh nadiyaan haian aur rajh‍y ke jal ka pramukh sh‍trot hai. rajh‍y mean kul buvaee ka kshetr 1.57 lakh hekh‍teyar hai jisamean se 8 pratishat kshetr mean hi sianchaee ki suvidha upalabh‍dh ho pati hai. .jharakhand mean sh‍thapit vidyut kshamata 2,590 megavat hai. jisake strot haian- 420 megavat (tenughat tap bijalighar) se, 840 megavat (pataratoo tap panabijalighar) se, 130 (sikh‍kidri bijali pariyojana) se aur 1,200 megavat (damodar ghati nigam tap / panabijali pariyojana)se. tap v panabijali par adharit vibhinn bijaligharoan ki kshamata 4,736 megavat ki ja sakati hai jisamean 686 panabijali uth‍padan shamil hai.

udyog aur khanij

jharakhand ke kuchh bade udyog haian:

• sarvajanik kshetr ka bokaro sh‍til ph‍laant,
• jamashedapur mean niji kshetr ki tata ayaran eand sh‍til kanpani (tish‍ko).
• anh‍y pramukh udyog haian: tata ianjiniyariang eand lokomotiv kanpani (telh‍ko),
• timaken iandiya limited (jamashedapur),
• bharat kukiang limited (dhanabad),
• khiladi simeant phaikh‍tari (palamoo),
• iandiyan ailh‍yoominiyam (muri),
• e si si simeant (chaibasar),
• seantral kolaphijh‍ds limited (raanchi),
• usha martin, usha bailh‍tran, yooreniyam karaporeshan (ian) limited (jadoogoda),
• hiandush‍tan k aaupar limited (musabani),
• tin ph‍let kanpani aauph iandiya limited (jamashedapur),
• iandiyan ekh‍saph‍losiv limited (gomiya) aur
• hiandalako b aaukh‍sait (loharadaga), adi.
• jharakhand rajy khanij sansadhanoan mean desh ka samriddhatam rajh‍y hai. yahaan upalabh‍dh pramukh khanij haian- koyala, kachh‍cha loha choona path‍thar, khanij taanba, b aaukh‍sait, chini mitti, kainait chikani mitti, dolomait, grephait, baiantonait, sabun path‍thar bilh‍lauri ret aur silika baloo.
• is navagathit rajh‍y mean sianhabhoom, bokaro, hajaribag, raanchi, kodarama aur dhanabad mean koyala, abhrak aur anh‍y khanijoan ke dohan ki apar kshamataean haian.

parivahan

• rajh‍y mean sadakoan ki kul lanbaee 4,311 kilomitar hai. isamean 1,500 kilomitar rashh‍triy rajamarg aur 2,711 kilomitar praantiy rajamarg haian.
• rajh‍y mean vikasit relave pranali hai. raanchi, bokaro, dhanabad, jamashedapur kuchh pramukh relave sh‍teshan haian.
• viman seva se raanchi, dilh‍li, patana aur muanbee se juda hai. jamashedapur, bokaro, giridih, devaghar, hajaribag, dalh‍tanaganj aur noamuandi mean havaee pattiyaan haian.

paryatan sh‍thal

rajh‍y mean anek manoram sh‍thal haian. ye haian-

• ichagadh pakshi vihar,
• uddhav pakshi vihar- sa‍hibaganj (pathara jhil),
• chacharo magaramachh‍chh palan keandr kodarama (tilaya baandh),
• chandrapur pakshi vihar,
• javaharalal neharoo chidiyaghar (bokaro),
• tenughat pakshi vihar, dalama vanh‍yajiv abhayaranh‍y (jamashedapur),
• tata sh‍til chidiyaghar (jamashedapur),
• palakot vanh‍yajiv abhayaranh‍y (gumala),
• bhagavan birasa chidiyaghar (raanchi),
• birasa hiran abhayaranh‍y (kalamati raanchi),
• betala rashh‍triy udyan (palamoo),
• raanchi math‍sh‍y keandr (raanchi),
• hajaribag rashh‍triy udyan,
• tatoloee garm pani jharana (dumaka) aur
• saranda van.
• jharakhand mean kuchh mashahoor mandir bhi haian-
• jharakhand dham,
• laganta baba mandir/majar,
• biandhyavasini mandir,
• masanajor dham adi.