नवतारा

navatara athava nova, (Nova) us tare ko kahate haian jo ekaek chamak uthata hai aur pun: dhire-dhire apani pahale jaisi dhoomil athava adrishy dasha mean pahuanch jata hai. aise tare ko kabhi kabhi 'asthayi tara' bhi kahate haian. thumb|300px|right|navatara

navatare ki visheshata

navatare ki chamak b di tezise badhati hai, yahaan tak ki do tin din mean athava isase bhi kam samay mean kee hajar guni badh jati hai, parantu chamak ke ghatane mean kafi samay lagata hai. paramadhik chamak ki avastha prapt ho jane par turant chamak ka ghatana praranbh ho jata hai. aranbh mean chamak b di tezise ghatati hai, parantu kuchh samay bad chamak ke ghatane ki gati mand p d jati hai. chamak ke ghatate samay chamak ke utar chadhav bhi hota rahata hai. tare ko apani poorvasthiti prapt karane mean sadharanat: 10 se 20 varsh tak lagate haian.

adhyayan

navatare ke spektram adhyayan se vidit hota hai ki chamak badhane par tara aisi gaisoan mean achchhadit ho jata hai jinaka veg atyadhik hota hai. tare ke charoan or phailati huee gaisoan ke karan grahiy niharika ke saman bianb dikhaee p data hai, jo kee varshoan tak badhata rahata hai aur phir mit jata hai. vaijnanikoan ka anuman hai ki navatare ko achchhadit karane vali gaisean tare ke aandar hone vale visphot se utpann hoti hai.

navatare ke prakar

avartak navatara

navatare sadharanat: apane jivanakal mean keval ek bar prasphutit hokar shaant ho jate haian, parantu tin tare aise bhi dekhe ja chuke haian, jo ek se adhik bar prasphutit hue haian. ye navatare 'ar-es ophyuchi', 'ti karoni voriyalis' (Coronae Borealis) aur 'ti piksidis' hai. inamean se pahale do, do bar prasphutit ho chuke haian aur tisara char bar. bar-bar prasphutit hone vale tare ko 'avartak navatara' (recurrent nova) kahate haian.

sthayi navatara

kisi kisi tare mean navatare ke lakshan sadaiv pae jate haian. aise tare ko 'sthayi navatara' kahate haian. aise tare ka sabase achchha udaharan 'pi signi' (Cygni) haian.

adhinavatara

koee-koee navatara prasphutan ke samay itana chamakadar ho jata hai ki vah jis akashaganga mean sthit hota hai usaki sanpoorn chamak ka mukabala karane lagata hai. aise navatare ko 'adhinavatara' (Supernova) kahate haian. adhinavatare adhikatar agaang niharikaoan mean milate haian, parantu hamari apani akashaganga mean aise taroan ka abhav nahian hai. pichhale 900 varshoan mean tin adhinavatare hamari akashaganga mean dekhe ja chuke haian, jinamean se pahala 1054 eesavi mean dekha gaya tha, jo ab ek badhati huee niharika ke roop mean hai aur kraiv niharika (Crab Nabula) ke nam se prasiddh hai, doosara jo sanh‌ 1572 mean kashyapamandal mean dikhaee p da aur taiko brae (Tycho Brahe) ka navatara kahalata hai, aur tisara kepalar (Kepler) ka navatara hai jo sanh‌ 1604 mean dikhaee diya. sanh‌ 1944 tak lagabhag 100 navataroan ke dekhe jane ka ullekh milata hai. ye akashaganga mean ya usake asapas dekhe ge haian. adhinavataroan ki chamak soory ki chamak se bhi adhik tej hoti hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

sandarbh granth: el. kaianpabel aiand el. jakkiya : di stori aauv veriebal stars (1841).

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah