अफ़ीम युद्ध द्वितीय

dvitiy aphim yuddh 1856 se 1860 ee. tak chala. aktoobar, 1856 mean chin ki nausena ne hvaangaphoo bandaragah ke pas ruke hue 'ya-lo' namak ek chini taskar jahaz ki jaanch ki aur us par savar 2 samudri dakuoan aur 10 chini navikoan ko pak d liya. briten ke koanslar ka kahana tha ki ye jahaz briten ka hai aur chini nausena ne jahaz ke jhande ko utar liya tha. is ghatanakram ke bad hi briten ne doosara aphim yuddh chhe d diya.

• 'ya-lo' namak jahaz ka malik ek chini tha, jisane taskari ki suvidha ke lie haangakaang ke britani adhikariyoan se ek varsh ka laiseans bhi prapt kiya tha.
• chini nausena ne is jahaz par savar 2 samudri dakuoan aur 10 navikoan ko giraphtar kiya, kyoanki usaki laiseans ki prabhavi avadhi bahut pahale hi samapt ho chuki thi.
• yah chin ka ek aandarooni mamala tha, jisaka briten se kisi bhi tarah ka sambandh nahian tha, lekin kvaangacho shahar sthit britani koanslar ne kaha ki 'ya-lo' jahaz briten ka hai aur managadhat roop se chini nausena par arop lagaya ki usane jahaz ke oopar phahara rahe briten ke rashtriy dhvaj ko niche khianch liya tha.

• is bahane se lagabhag 10 dinoan ke bad british sena ne kvaangacho shahar par chhapa marakar doosara aphim yuddh chhed diya.

• briten ne apani takatavar phauji shakti ke chalate jald hi kvaangacho shahar par adhikar kar liya.

• kvaangachovasi bahut bahadur the, unhoanne qarib do mahinoan ke bad hi britani sena ke thikanoan ko jalakar nasht kar diya aur qabzavaroan ko shahar se bhag jane ke lie vivash kar diya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh