चाणक्य नीति- अध्याय 8
[[chitr:chanakya_niti_f.jpg|thumb|250px|chanaky niti]]
adhyay 8
- doha --
adham dhanahian ko chahate, madhyam dhan aru man .
manahi dhan hai badan ko, uttam chahai man ॥1॥
arth -- adham dhan chahate haian, madhyam dhan aur man donoan, par uttam man hi chahate haian. kyoanki mahatmaoan ka dhan man hi hai.
- doha --
ookh vari pay mool, puni aushadhah khayake .
tatha khaye tambool, snan dan adik uchit ॥2॥
arth -- ookh, jal, doodh, pan, phal aur aushadhi in vastuoan ke bhojan karane par bhi snan dan adi kriya kar sakate haian.
- doha --
dipak tamako khat hai, to kajjal upajay .
yadannan bhakshyate nityan, jayate tadrishi praja ॥3॥
arth -- diya aandhakar ko khata hai aur kajal ko janmata hai. saty hai, jo jaisa ann sada khata hai usaki vaise hi santati hoti hai.
- doha --
gunahiann aurahian dei dhan, lakhiy jalad jal khay .
madhur koti gun kari jagat, jivan jalanidhi jay ॥4॥
arth -- he matimanh! guniyoan ko dhan do auroan ko kabhi mat do. samudr se megh ke mukh mean prapt hokar jal sada madhur ho jata hai aur prithvi par char achar sab jivॊan ko zila kar phir vahi jal koti gun hokar usi samudr mean chala jata hai.
- doha --
ek sahastr chandal sam, yavan nich ik hoy .
tattvadarshi kah yavan te, nich aur nahian koy ॥5॥
arth -- itana nich ek yavan hota hai. yavan se badhakar nich koee nahian hota.
- doha --
chitadhoom tanutel lagi, maithun chhaur banay .
tab lauan hai chandal sam, jabaloan nahian nahay ॥6॥
arth -- tel lagane par, stri prasang karane ke bad, aur chita ka dhuaan lag jane par manushy jab tak snan nahian karata tab tak chandal rahata hai.
- doha --
vari ajiran aushadhi, jiran mean balavan .
bhojan ke sang amrit hai, bhojanant vishapan ॥7॥
arth -- jab tak ki bhojan pach n jay, is bich mean piya hua pani vish hai aur vahi pani bhojan pach jane ke bad pine se amrit ke saman ho jata hai. bhojan karate samay amrit aur usake pashchath vish ka kam karata hai.
- doha --
jnan kriya bin nasht hai, nar jo nasht ajnan .
binu nayak jasu sainahoo, tyoan pati binu tiy jan ॥8॥
arth -- vah jnan vyarth hai ki jisake anusar acharan n ho aur us manushy ka jivan hi vyarth hai ki jise jnan prapt n ho. jis sena ka koee senapati n ho vah sena vyarth hai aur jisake pati n ho ve striyaan vyarth haian.
- doha --
vridhd samay jo maru tiya, bandhu hath dhan jay .
paradhin bhojan milai, ahai tin dukhaday ॥9॥
arth -- budhauti mean stri ka marana, niji dhan ka bandhuoan ke hath mean chala jana aur paradhin jivika rahana, ye purushoan ke lie abhagy ki bat hai.
- doha --
agnihotr binu ved nahian, yajn kriya binu dan .
bhav bina nahian sidhdi hai, sabamean bhav pradhan ॥10॥
arth -- bina agnihotr ke vedapath vyarth hai aur dan ke bina yajnadi karm vyarth haian. bhav ke bina sidhdi nahian prapt hoti isalie bhav hi pradhan hai.
- doha --
dev n kath pashanamrit, moorti mean narahay .
bhav tahaanhi devabhal, karan bhav kahay ॥11॥
arth -- devata n kath mean, patthar mean, aur n mitti hi mean rahate haian ve to rahate haian bhav mean. isase yah nishkarsh nikala ki bhav hi sabaka karan hai.
- doha --
dhatu kath pashan ka, karu sevan yut bhav .
shradhda se bhagavatkripa, taise tehi sidhdi av ॥12॥
arth -- kath, pashan tatha dhatu ki bhi shradhdapoorvak seva karane se aur bhagavatkripa se sidhdi prapt ho jati hai.
- doha --
nahian santosh saman sukh, tap n kshama sam an .
trishna sam nahian vyadhi tan, dharam daya sam man ॥13॥
arth -- shanti ke saman koee tap nahian hai, santosh se badhakar koee sukh nahian hai, trishna se badi koee vyadhi nahian hai aur daya se bada koee dharm nahian hai.
- doha --
trisana vaitarani nadi, dharamaraj sah rosh .
kamadhenu vidya kahiy, nandan ban santosh ॥14॥
arth -- krodh yamaraj hai, trishna vaitarani nadi hai, vidya kamadhenu gau hai aur santosh nandan van hai.
- doha --
gun bhooshan hai roop ko, kul ko shil kahay .
vidya bhooshan sidhdi jan, tehi kharachat so pay ॥15॥
arth -- gun roop ka shrriangar hai, shil kulaka bhooshan hai, sidhdi vidya ka alankar hai aur bhog dhan ka abhooshan hai.
- doha --
nirgun ka hat roop hai, hat kushil kulagan .
hat vidyahu asidhdako, hat abhog dhan dhan ॥16॥
arth -- gun vihin manushy ka roop vyarth hai, jisaka shil thik nahian usaka kul nasht hai, jisako sidhdi nahian prapt ho vah usaki vidya vyarth hai aur jisaka bhog n kiya jay vah dhan vyarth hai.
- doha --
shudhd bhoomigat vari hai, nari pativrata jaun .
kshem karai so bhoop shuchi, vipr tos suchi taun ॥17॥
arth -- jamin par pahancha pani, pativrata stri, praja ka kalyan karane vala raja aur santoshi brahman - ye pavitr mane gaye haian.
- doha --
asantosh te vipr hat, nrip santosh tai ravvari .
ganika vinashai laj te, laj bina kul nari ॥18॥
arth -- asantoshi brahman, santoshi raje, lajjavati veshya aur nirlajj kul striyaan ye nikrisht mane gaye haian.
- doha --
kaha hot bad vansh te, jo nar vidya hin .
pragat sooranataian poojiyat, vidya t kulahin ॥19॥
arth -- yadi moorkh ka kul bada bhi ho to usase kya labh ? chahe nich hi kul ka kyoan n ho, par yadi vah vidvanh ho to devataoan dvara bhi pooja jata hai.
- doha --
vidush prashansit hot jag, sab thal gaurav pay .
vidya se sab milat hai, thal sab soi pujay ॥20॥
arth -- vidvanh ka sansar mean prachar hota hai vah sarvatr adar pata hai. kahane ka matalab yah ki vidya se sab kuchh prapt ho sakata hai aur sarvatr vidya hi pooji jati hai.
- doha --
sanyat jivan roop taian, kahiyat bade kulin .
vidya bin sobhai n jibhi, puhup gandh te hin ॥21॥
arth -- roop yauvan yukt aur vishal kul mean utpann hokar bhi manushy yadi vidyahin hote haian to ye usi tarah bhale nahian maloom hote jaise sugandhi rahit tesoo ke phool.
- doha --
maans bhaksh madira piyat, moorakh akshar hin .
naraka pashubhar grih, prithvi nahian sahu tin ॥22॥
arth -- maansahari, sharabi aur nirakshar moorkh in manav roopadhari pashuoan se prithvi mare bojh ke dabi ja rahi hai.
- doha --
annahin rajyahi dahat, danahin yajaman .
mantrahin rritvijan kahan, kratusam ripunahian an ॥23॥
arth -- annarahit yajn desh ka, mantrahin yajn rritvijoan ka aur dan vihin yajn yajaman ka nash kar deta hai. yajn ke saman koee shatru nahian hai.
- iti chanakyeashtamoadhyayah ॥8॥
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh