शाक्त
shakt(bhagavati shakti ki upasana), hindoo dharm mean pooja ka pramukh svaroop, jise ab 'hindoo dharm' kaha jata hai, use tin aantahpravahit, parasparavyapi dharaoan mean vibhajit kiya ja sakata hai. vaishnavavad, bhagavan vishnu ki upasana; shaivavad, bhagavan shiv ki pooja; tatha shaktavad, devi ki shakti ke roop ki upasana. is prakar shaktavad dakshin eshiya mean vibhinn devi paramparaoan ko namit karane vala am shabd hai, jisaka samany kendr bindu deviyoan ki pooja hai.
shakti ke anuyayiyoan ko aksar shakt kaha jata hai. shakt n keval shakti ki pooja karate haian, balki usake shakti–avirbhav ko manav sharir evan jivit brahmaand ki shakti ya oorja mean sanvardhit, niyantrit evan roopantarit karane ka prayas bhi karate haian. vishesh roop se mana jata hai ki shakti, kuandalini (sushupt kuandalidar sarp) ke roop mean manav sharir ke guda adhar tak sthit hoti hai. jatil dhyan evan yaun–yaugik anushthanoan ke zariye yah kuandalini shakti jagrit ki ja sakati hai. is avastha mean yah sookshm sharir (samanyatah sushumna par adhyaropit) ki sushumna se oopar ki or uthati hai. marg mean kee chakroan ko bhedati huee, jab tak sir ke shirsh mean antim chakr mean pravesh nahian karati aur vahaan par apane pati–priyatam shiv ke sath harshonmadit hokar nahian milati. bhagavati evan bhagavan ke pauranik sanyojan ka anubhav harshonmadi–rahasyatmak samadhi ke roop mean manoan–daihik roop se kiya jata hai, jisaka visphoti paramanand kaha jata hai ki kapal kshetr se um dakar harshonmad evan gahananand ki badh ke roop mean niche ki or poore sharir mean bahata hai.
hinduoan ke shakt sampraday mean bhagavati durga ko hi duniya ki parashakti aur sarvochch devata mana jata hai (shakt sampraday eeshvar ko devi ke roop mean manata hai) yah puran vastut: durga charitr evan durga saptashati ke varnan ke lie prasiddh hai. isilie ise shakt sampraday ka puran kaha jata hai. shastroan mean kaha gaya hai- 'matar: sarvabhootanaan gav:' yani gay samast praniyoan ki mata hai. isi karan ary-sanskriti mean panape shaiv, shakt, vaishnav, ganapaty, jain, bauddh, sikh adi sabhi dharm-sanpradayoan mean upasana evan karmakaand ki paddhatiyoan mean bhinnata hone par bhi ve sab gau ke prati adar bhav rakhate haian. hindoo dharm ke anek sampradayoan mean vibhinn prakar ke tilak, chandan, haldi aur kesar yukt sugandhit padarthoan ka prayog karake banaya jata hai. vaishnav golakar bindi, shakt tilak aur shaiv tripund se apana mastak sushobhit karate hai.
hindoo astha ka pratibimb
saiddhaantik ya lokapriy dharmik pravarg ke roop mean shaktavad is hindoo astha ka pratibimb hai ki gramin evan sanskrit ki kianvadantiyoan ki asankhy deviyaan ek mahadevi ki abhivyaktiyaan haian. amataur par mana jata hai ki mahadevi ki avadharana prachin hai. lekin aitihasik roop se shayad isaka kalaankan madhyakal ka hai. jab atyadhik visham sthaniy evan akhil bharatiy paramparaoan ka ekikaran saiddhaantik roop se ekikrit dharmashastr mean kiya jata tha. dharmashastr pravarg ke aitihasik aur saiddhaantik roop se bhinn paramparaoan mean prayukt kiya ja sakata hai. madhyakalin puranoan ki vibhinn deviyoan ki pauranik kathaoan se lekar do pramukh devi shakhaoan ya shakt tantravad kuloan (shri kul aur kali kul) se poorvavarti evan vartaman, vastutah asankhy sthaniy gramin deviyoan tak hai.
lokapriyata
aitihasik roop se shaktavad dakshin eshiya ke bahari ilaqe mean lokapriy raha hai. vishesh roop se kashmir, dakshin bharat, asam aur bangal mean, halaanki isake taantrik pratik aur anushthan kam se kam chhathi shatabdi se hindoo paramparaoan mean sarvavyapi rahe haian. hal mean paramparagat pravasi bharatiy janasankhya ke sath, kuchh bharat vidya shaikshik samuday mean aur vibhinn navayug evan narivadonmukhi paramparaoan ke sath, samanyatah pashchim mean zyada lokapriy shirshak tantravad ya tantr ke aantargat paramparagat, darshanik evan lokapriy shaktavad ke vividh svaroopoan ne pravesh kiya hai.
panne ki pragati avastha
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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